workers, unions, and social democracy history 323 / feb. 18, 2013

Workers, Unions, and Social DemocracyHistory 323 / Feb. 18, 2013

Ferdinand Lassalle(1825-1864)

General German Workers’ Federation

(ADAV), 1863

August Bebel(1840-1913)

SAPD (1875)becomes

SPD (1890)

Max Hödel fires on Wilhelm I (May 11, 1878)

Cartoon from Punch(1878)

Bismarck steers toward a new

coalition

Police breaking up socialist meetings

Reichstag elections of the 1880s (% of votes cast)

10/27/81 10/28/84 2/21/87 2/20/90

Conservatives 16.3 15.2 15.2 12.4

Free conservs. 7.5 6.9 9.8 6.7

National liberals 12.6 + 8.1

17.6 22.2 16.3

Progressives/Freethinkers

12.7 17.6 12.9 16.0

Center 23.2 22.6 20.1 18.6

Social Dems. 6.1 9.7 10.1 19.7

Others 13.5 10.5 9.7 10.3

The Social Democratic delegation to the Reichstag (1889)

Friedrich III

Wilhelm II (seen here with England’s Queen Victoria)

“Dropping the pilot”(Punch, March 1890)

Adolph von Menzel, The Iron Rolling Mill (1875)

Shift change in the Saarland

(ca. 1899)

Visit to Krupp, ca. 1910

Production at AEG, Berlin, ca. 1900

Robert Koehler, The Strike (1886)

Union membership in Germany, 1887-1914(dark blue = socialist unions; pink = Catholic unions;

yellow = liberal unions; light blue = total)

Industrial wage earners1882 4.8 million (23.7% of all employed)1895 7.2 million (29.6% of all employed)1907 10.6 million (33.5% of all employed)

Average work week1860s 78 hours1871 72 hours1885/90 66 hours1910/13 53-57 hours

The architecture of “rental barracks”

Workers’ quarters,ca. 1910