wootton port development

Port Development and Container Terminals

Port Development and Container Terminals

Introduction

Basic Considerations Current and Future Design Ship Berth Design Development in Quay Crane Technology Berth & Terminal Productivity Transfer and Yard Systems Terminal Layout Land and Connectivity to National Infrastructure

Port Development and Container Terminals

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

TEU

s '0

00 Historic

Low

Base

High

Historic 1,731

Low 2,227 3,143 4,075 4,887 7,667 12,031

Base 2,344 3,692 5,162 6,540 11,292 19,059

High 2,380 3,904 5,684 7,778 15,926 29,372

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2030 2040

Traffic

Essential Parameters

Cargo

Design Ship

Port Development and Container Terminals

CROSS BORDER

CROSS BORDER

NATIONALHINTERLAND

TRANSHIPMENT

IMPORT

EXPORT

PORT RELATED

INDUSTRIES

Traffic Forecasting

Port Development and Container Terminals

Design Ship

Current maximum Future; what are the limitations? Mainline or Transhipment Terminal? Design Ship dimensions Laden draft

Navigation issues Berth design

Port Development and Container Terminals

Current Ships

Largest (Capacity) : MSC Pamela 9,200 TEULargest (Length) : Gudron Maersk 367mMaximum Beam : 18 box wide (45m)Maximum Draught : 15mSingle ScrewEngines less than 100,000 bhpPost Panamax nearly 30% of fleet by Capacity

Port Development and Container Terminals

Ships on order / under Construction

Post Panamax - 60% of new ordersSuper – Post PanamaxLloyd’s study - ULCS

HHI unveiled design for 13,000 TEUMaersk 15,000 TEU

- 405m x 55m x 17m- 110,000 bhp engine- advertised capacity 9000 TEU

Port Development and Container Terminals

Hull structure - Bending / Torsion Propulsion - Single / Twin screw Stack height - With / Without hatch covers Manoeuvrability - Wind on superstructure Design speed - ± 25 knots Operational limitations

Ship Design Issues

Port Development and Container Terminals

Operational Limitations

International Waterways Port Facilities

Suez Canal - Suezmax

Straits of Malacca - Malaccamax

Port Development and Container Terminals

Port Facilities Access Channel Basin

- Width- Depth- Stopping Distance- Turning Circle

Berth - Alongside Depth- Length

Crane - Outreach- Lift Capacity- Cope to Boom

Height

Port Development and Container Terminals

Navigation

Coastal/River Port Channel Geometry Tidal Window Environmental

Considerations Manoeuvrability

STOPPING DISTANCE, TURNING CIRCLE AND PLAN AT BEND

Port Development and Container Terminals

Berth Depth

Design Depth

- Future max draft - Underkeel clearance - Allow for over dredge

Accommodate ship with underkeel clearance at low water

Most hub terminals designing for – 18m or – 19m

Additional Capital Cost v Future proofing

Port Development and Container Terminals

DESIGN DEPTHEL-19.00

EL-16.00 DECLARED DEPTH

TIE

EL-16.00

EL-19.00

FOUNDATION LEVEL

±0.00 C.D.

DECLARED DEPTH

EL-16.00

EL-19.00 DESIGN DEPTH

TOE RESTRAINT(FIXITY)

TIED WALL GRAVITY WALL

DECLARED DEPTH

DESIGN DEPTH

SUSPENDED DECK

REVETMENTPILE TOE LEVEL

Design Considerations

Port Development and Container Terminals

Berth Alignment

Provides flexibility Can accommodate mix of ships Good crane utilization For hub optimum length may be 1200 m

Straight

Indented Drive-through

Port Development and Container Terminals

Ceres Terminal - Amsterdam

Port Development and Container Terminals

STS Quay Cranes Development ahead of shipping requirements 60 + m boom Increases in

- Productivity - Lift Capacity (120T)- Weight- Loading on crane rail- Rail gauge (30m to

45m)

±0.00

-16.00

>60m

30m

Port Development and Container Terminals

Berth Productivity

Quay length (M) 400 500

Yard size (ha) 20 25Exchange (Boxes) 2000 3300

40’ to 20’ Ratio 1.6 1.6

Crane (no) 4 5

Single Trolley √ √Twin Lift - √

Dual Cycle - √

Moves / hr 25 33

Berth capacity (teu/year) 640000 1,320,000

teu / m/ year 1,600 2,640Yard capacity teu / ha 32,000 52,800

8000 TEU

ULCS

P PP P

ULCS

P

ULCS

PP PP

8000 TEU ULCS

Port Development and Container Terminals

Berth Productivity

Further Improvements

7 cranes per ULCS Double Trolley Quad Lift 40 + crane moves / hr Block loading / unloading 300 berth moves / hr

Port Development and Container Terminals

Twin Lift

Port Development and Container Terminals

Horizontal Transfer

How to match crane productivity ? Tractor / Trailer (Single or Trailer Train) AGV (ECT Rotterdam & CTA Hamburg ) Mini straddle or shuttle carrier (SC) How to handle multiple lifts ?

- Import- Export

Port Development and Container Terminals

AGV

Port Development and Container Terminals

Shuttle Carrier

Port Development and Container Terminals

Yard Layout and Equipment Straddle Carrier

- Suits smaller or odd shaped Terminal Yard RTG

- Most used- Flexible – move between stacks- Generally 1 over 6 and 6 or 7+ 1 wide- 9 + 1 wide in Oslo - Full automation unsafe

RMG- Recent adoptions- Generally 1 over 6 and 9 wide- Full automation possible - Cantilever possible for side lift- Cost > RTG

Elevated Gantry Crane (SPA)

Port Development and Container Terminals

RTG

Port Development and Container Terminals

RMG

EXPO

RT

EXPO

RT

EXPO

RT

EXPO

RT

EXPO

RT

IMPO

RT

IMPO

RT

IMPO

RT

IMPO

RT

IMPO

RT

TRUCK DELIVERY /RECEIPT ZONE

SHUTTLE DELIVERY /RECEIPT ZONE

Port Development and Container Terminals

Yard Layout Options

RTG Blocks parallel to quay

RMG Blocks parallel / perpendicular to Quay

Road Vehicles - within stacks

- transfer bays at land end

Terminal Vehicles - within stacks

- shuttle to Buffer Zone

Port Development and Container Terminals

PORT

RING ROAD

CITYFREE ZONE

/CARGO VILLAGE

CFS

INLAND MANUFACTURING

/CONSUMER CENTRE

ICD

NATIONAL HIGHWAY

ROAD LINK

ICDINLAND MANUFACTURING

/CONSUMER CENTRE

SEA

The Port City

Port Development and Container Terminals

Land

Ports require large areas of land to support their operations- Container terminals - Port related industries- Free Zones, Cargo Villages, IPCs, Distribution Centres & Value-added Industries

Many ports trying to emulate Jebel Ali’s successThe options are

- Create new land by reclamation- Relocate the port to a greenfield site

Karachi has opted for the former with its Cargo Village

Port Development and Container Terminals

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