wisp assignment 2 china t46
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WISP Assignment 2: CHINA
Group Member: Liu Yigong
Lam Ming JunYuan ShenghaiTio Wee Leong
• Before viewing our presentation– watch the following video for an overview of the
situation:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzDCX74V42s
WARNING Conflict scenes take place in Urumqi city, Xin Jiang.
Parental Guidance is advised. M18 – Blood and Violent Scenes
What was not right With Urumqi in 2009?
Where is Urumqi?!
Urumqi
Review of History
Time: 5 July 2009Location: ÜrümqiIncident: Peaceful
protests turning into riots
People Involved:- Han Chinese- Uyghur- Police
Urumqi July Riot 2009
Official Figures:• 197 people died• 1,721 others injured• 627 vehicles
destroyed• 633 constructors
damaged
What caused the Riots?
Time: 25–26 June, OvernightLocation: Shaoguan, GuangdongVenue: Xuri Toy FactoryIncident: - Ethnic brawl between Han and Uyghur due to rape rumors, 2
Uyghurs killed- Han Chinese not arrested- Dissatisfied with the government's response
Urumqi’s History• Pre-existing hate and fear due to:- Large Economic Gap- Terrorists- Miscommunication & Mistrust- Unequal Education & Employment Opportunities
Leads to…- Stereotyping on both sides- Vicious cycle of hate and violence
• Tensions already at boiling point
Discrimination• Misperceptions from both sides
– Older generation’s prejudice– Uyghur are portrayed as barbarians by Han Chinese– Hans are portrayed as heretic (against their Muslim religion) by Uyghurs
• Employment– Han Employers bias preference for own race
• Education– PRC officially give Uyghurs 20 marks advantage in university entrance exam to make up
for the above short-coming, which is not working
History• Centuries long prejudice and tensions
– Ghulja Incident -> Harsh army crackdown
• Recent tensions– PRC argues terrorist influence on Uyghur population to justify it’s
policies– Uyghurs feel this is an excuse to deny their human rights
• PRC’s long term economic aim– Western Development Program– Neglecting short term issues expecting poverty to diminish overtime
and Uyghurs to accept a Chinese identity
Statistic of Races• Significant Han Chinese • Assimilation of Uyghur’s Culture into Han’s started in the mid-20th century• Note Riots take place in Urumqi, the capital of Xin Jiang
9%Han
76%Uyghur
15%Others
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
1949 Xin Jiang
40%Han
45%Uyghur
15%Others
0%10%20%30%40%50%
2009 Xin Jiang
75%Han
12.8%Uyghur
10%Others
0%20%40%60%80%
2009 Ürümqi
Consequences
• Feel they are gradually “squeezed” out in terms of…I. EconomyII. Politics III. CultureIV. And Religion
What has government done after riot?
• Media Control• Online social networking
website shut down• Conceal Details• Repression• Rescue casualties • The Blame game
- Accuse World Uyghur Congress and Rebiya Kadeer as the instigators
Conclusion on riot
• China government fails to- maintain the peace among racial - media control and repression
• Rebiya Kadeer and World Uyghur Congress “typically” blamed
• This can be categorized as a “terrorist attack”
Present situation in SG
• Relatively Peaceful – Racially
• Instances of Racial (Minority) Discrimination– LKW’s Emphasis on Impact of Chinese Immigrants– Gopolan’s View of Racial Inequality in Official Policies– Malay’s Response to Foreigner during a Singapore Short
Film Screening Event
Present Discriminations
• Against Foreign Workers– Crammed Living Quarters
– Deportation Policy for Pregnant Maids
Present Discriminations
• Malays & Indians to Chinese–Viewed by older generations of Chinese as
the likely perpetrator of crimes–Akin to how Han Chinese treat the Uyghurs
Society of SG ‘09
• Technology & Western culture’s dominance amongst Youths– How does it affect?
• Common ground established• Higher awareness and access to phenomenal loads of info• Unique generation with unprecedented level of information
awareness• Empowered to make better decisions
Similarities
• 75% Chinese in both• Discrimination against minority– Difference in extent
• Extremist Activities
Similarities
• Education Policies benefiting specific groups
• Excess control by Govt.
• Races prefer to stick with their own– Evident in educational institutes.
Similarities
• Separatist activities• Attacks on govt. infrastructure• Chinese here are richer than other ethnic
groups• In-proportionate political representation
DifferencesSingapore ‘09 Urumqi in ‘09
Balanced Economic standing Large Economic gap
Racial discrimination exists but is taboo Racial discrimination is prevalent and intense
Racial tensions non-existing Racial tensions constantly at boiling point
More racial disharmony to occur first for a catalyst to conflict
Any conflict could easily be a catalyst to conflict
DifferencesSingapore ‘09 Urumqi in ‘09
Less instances of corruption in Govt. Corrupted Govt.
Good interaction bet. Lvls of the Govt. Lack of proper communication within Govt. structure
Diplomatic tactics to end riots Excessive force used to quench riots
“Speed Boat” in conflict response “Tour Ship” in conflict response
DifferencesSingapore ’09 Urumqi ’09
Strong racial harmony Lack of trust bet. Chinese and Uyghurs
No separatist ideals, all accept SG as their national identity
Large majority of Uyghurs have separatist ideals, to create a country of their own
No territorial conflicts Territorial conflicts
Freedom of religion Oppression of Muslim religion
DifferencesSingapore ‘09 Urumqi ‘09
No such ancestral history of land claim Uyghur’s claim to ancestral ground in Xin Jiang
Equal education opportunities Unequal education opportunities
Small degree of racial biasness in employment practices
Prevalent racial biasness in employment practices
Combined Effect
• All But One Ingredients for Racial Incident “Bomb” in Place– Minority (All Others, 25.8%, 2009)• Feelings of inequality, grudge against the majority
– Majority (Chinese, 74.2%, 2009)• Unable to Accept Differences with Other Races
• Only Missing Component is a Detonator– A Single Instance of Public Racial Discrimination
SG 2061 : THE FUTURE
• Chinese becomes main language in Sg• Minorities disadvantaged• Selective employment• 1 Rumor• Protest• Coalition of minorities, including foreigners possibly• Possible similar conflicts leading to Urumqi
What Can be Done?
• Central Principle– The price we are willing to pay for • National Security• Societal Security• Sacrifice of Freedom
• Education of Both Current & Next Generation• Increase Exposure to the World at Large• Strong Enforcement of Policies• Heavy Penalties for Discrimination• Secret Intelligence Agency
Proposed “Vaccine” for the Situation
Possible Challenges / Problems
• Established Mindset of the Public• Fundamental Cultural Differences• Perpetration of Foreign Mal Intentions• Detrimental Effect on Progress• Present Feelings of Inequality
FOR GREAT
JUSTICE!
THE END!
Q & A
References
• The Singapore Solution, http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2010/01/singapore/jacobson-text/3
• Movie Screening Event, http://www.lioncitydiy.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=2022&start=0
• Gopolan Singapore Dissident, http://singaporedissident.blogspot.com/2009/12/singapore-stop-state-sanctioned-racial.html
ReferencesPictures: http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=%CE%DA%C2%B3%C4%BE%C6%EB7%2E5%D1%AA%D0%C8%CD%BC&in=25292&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&pn=14&rn=1&di=10196815504&ln=716&fr=&ic=0&s=0
http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=%CE%DA%C2%B3%C4%BE%C6%EB7%2E5%D1%AA%D0%C8%CD%BC&in=25292&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&pn=14&rn=1&di=10196815504&ln=716&fr=&ic=0&s=0#pn23
http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=%CE%DA%C2%B3%C4%BE%C6%EB7%2E5%D1%AA%D0%C8%CD%BC&in=25292&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&pn=14&rn=1&di=10196815504&ln=716&fr=&ic=0&s=0#pn26
http://news.ifeng.com/photo/news/200907/0708_1397_1240646.shtml
ReferencesTerrorists:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Turkistan_Islamic_Movement
History:http://www.uyghurnews.com/About_Uyghur_People.asphttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DcQcY54H4FM/ www.uygur.org/enorg/h_rights/ETIC_REPORT_2009.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_2009_%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi_riotshttp://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/07/09/how_china_wins_and_loses_xinjiang?page=0,0&obref=obinsitehttp://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1910302,00.html?iid=sphere-inline-sidebarhttp://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/opinions/new-frontier-same-old-problems/article1208363/http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/hotline/2009/07/chinas-oppression-of-uyghurs-remains.php
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