wireless generation

..is the transfer of information over a distance , without the use of electrical conductors/wires.

a transition from

point-to-point communication

towards

person-to-person

communication…

Mobile radio telephone systemspreceded modern cellular mobile telephony technology. These systems are sometimes retroactively referred to as pre

cellular (or sometimes Zero

Generation)

systems.

First Mobile Radio Telephone-1924

Used analog radio signal.Introduced in 1980’sUses FDMA

The various standards--

NMT in Nordic countries- Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland ( )

AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System) in the United States(1983) and Australia ( )

TACS (Total Access Communications System) in the United Kingdom ( )

As Its Analog So It Was Highly Susceptible To Noise

Traffic Was Not Encrypted So Anyone Could

Eavesdrop By Tuning To The Correct Frequency

It was launched in the year in FINLAND.

2G Wireless

The technology of most current DIGITAL mobile phones-TDMA + CDMA

Features includes:- Phone calls- Voice mail- Receive simple TEXT messages

Speed: 10kbits/secTime to download a 3min MP3 song:31-41 min

Different variants of 2G

GSM(TDMA)

IS-95CDMA one

PDC(TDMA)

iDEN(TDMA)

IS-136D-AMPS

GSM

•DIGITAL CELLULAR SYSTEM

•CIRCUIT SWITCH SYSTEM

IS-95

•FIRST CDMA BASED DIGITAL CELLULAR

•BRAND NAME FOR IS-95 IS CDMA1

PDC

•DEVELOPED EXCLUSIVELY IN JAPAN

•COMPARED TO GSM,HAS A WEAKER BROADCAST

I-DEN

•DEVELOPED BY MOTOROLA

•CAN HAVE VIRTUALLY UNLIMITED

TALKING GROUPS

D-AMPS

•ADDS TDMA TO AMPS

•TRIPLES THE NO. OF CALLS THAT CAN BE

HANDLED ON A SINGLE AMPS CHANNEL

The Best Technology now widely available

Features includes:- camera phones- high speed packet data- GPRS- Send/receive large email messages- Web browsing- Navigation/maps- New updates

Speed: 64-144kb/secTime to download a 3min MP3 song:6-9min

Features include:

I-MODE DATA SERVICE.

CAMERA PHONES.

HIGH SPEED CIRCUIT SWITCHED

GPRS

EDGE

2G networks were built mainly for voice data and slow

transmission. Due to rapid changes in user expectation, they do not meet today's wireless needs.Cellular mobile telecommunications networks are being upgraded

to use 3G technologies from 1999 to 2010. Japan was the first

country to introduce 3G nationally, and in Japan the transition to

3G was largely completed in 2006. Korea then adopted 3GNetworks soon after and the transition was made as early as

2004.

Combines a mobile phone, laptop PC and TV

Features includes:- Phone calls/fax- Global roaming- Send/receive large email messages- High-speed Web- Navigation/maps- Videoconferencing- TV streaming- Electronic agenda meeting reminder.

Speed: 144kb/sec-2mb/secTime to download a 3min MP3 song:11sec-1.5min

Capability To Support Circuit And Packet Data At High

Bit Rates: • or higher in high mobility (vehicular) traffic

• for pedestrian traffic

• or higher for indoor traffic

Interoperability and roaming

Common billing/user profiles:• Sharing of usage/rate information between service

providers• Standardized call detail recording• Standardized user profiles

Capability to determine geographic position of

mobiles and report it to both the network and the

mobile terminal

Support of multimedia services/capabilities:• Fixed and variable rate bit traffic Bandwidth on

demand• Multimedia mail store and forward• Broadband access up to

UMTS- This Is Main 3G Technology That Uses WCDMA..

WCDMA (WIDEBAND CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS)

-WCDMA is the higher speed transmission protocol in the UMTS

system-Radio channels are 5MHz wide.-Supports two basic modes of duplex: frequency division and time division(15 slots/radio frame).

-Multiuser detection can be used to increase capacity and coverage-operators like VODAFONE, SINGTEL, AT&T, TIM.

Audio/ Video.

VOIP.

Still image.

Moving images.

Virtual home environment.

Downloading softwares.

Features include:- A spectrally efficient system.- High network capacity.- Huge data rate.- Smooth hand off- Seamless connectivity & global roaming.- High quality of service.-An all IP. Packet switched network.

Speed: Suppose to allow data transfer up to

outdoor and indoor.

networks have been particularly designed to

accommodate WLANs and PANs based on Bluetooth

technologies.

suffers bandwidth limitations to accommodate these

networks

Technology 3G 4G

Frequency band 1.8 - 2.5GHz 2 - 8GHz

Bandwidth 5-20MHz 15-200MHz

Data rate Up to 2Mbps100Mbps moving -

1Gbps stationary

Switching Circuit/Packet Packet

Data Communications And Networking- B. A. Forouzanwww.Wikipedia.comwww.nmscommunications.comwww.mobilealliance.comEncarta Encyclopedia

Rupinderjit Khakh-

Patrick Wong-

Christina Moore-

Kevin Parker-

Rupinderjit Khakh–

DEPARTMENT COMPUTER SCIENCE

(Humber Collage)