wind and solar power - renewable energy technologies
Post on 19-Jun-2015
393 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Technology Training that Works
Wind and Solar Power – Renewable Energy
Technologies
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Topics
• Energy : sources, forms, conversion of units
• Laws of thermodynamics
• Renewable and non renewable energy
• Economics of Renewable energy
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Energy
• The capacity to do work and overcome resistance
• Non-renewable energy resources
Coal, Oil and Natural Gas
• Renewable energy resources
Wind and Solar and others
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Forms of Energy
Mechanical energy
Gravitational energy
Electrical energy
Chemical energy
Thermal energy
Nuclear energy
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Heat
• Heat = thermal energy • can be converted into other forms of energy
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Conversion of units
1 kilo joule = 1 kilowatt-second
= 1 / 3600 kilowatt-hour
= 2.7 * 10 –4 kilowatt-hour
1000 kilo joule = (2.7 * 10 –4 ) * 1000
= 0.278 kWh
or:
1 kWh = 3.60 kj
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Laws of Thermodynamics
• First Law of Thermodynamics and Energy Conservation
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed
Whenever energy is transformed from one form to another, the total quantity of energy remains the same
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Energy Conversion Process
E1 + Qa – Qt = E2
– E1 - energy possessed by the system initially
– E2 - energy possessed by the system after the work is done
– Qa - energy added to the system
– Qt - energy taken away from the system
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Second Law of Thermodynamics
• Heat flows from a body at higher temperature to a body at lower
• Work has the tendency to convert into heat
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Renewable energy
• Energy, which is continuously replenished by natural processes on the earth
• Solar energy
• Wind energy
• Hydro energy incl. Tidal & Wave energy
• Biomass/Biogas
• Geothermal energy
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Non-renewable energy
• Energy resources with finite reserves,
that cannot be renewed within our lifetimes
- fossil fuels, e.g. oil, coal, natural gas
- Nuclear fuels, e.g. uranium
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Economics of scale
Example:
Capital cost (capex)
small to medium size
Wind Turbines
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
EconomicsOperational Cost (Opex) versus Capital Cost (Capex)
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Economics
Payback period (in years)
Total Initial Cost
= -----------------------------------------------------
Annual Cost Savings - Annual Operating Cost
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Other economic factors
• Increase in energy costs relative to general inflation
• Interest paid on borrowed money
• Insurance cost
• PR opportunities
• Grid feed-in tariffs
• State and federal funding programs
• Assets resale value
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Driving Forces
• Reduced environmental impact
• Energy independence and diversification
• Inflation-proof fuel costs
• Direct + indirect costs of fossil fuels
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Cost of energy per kWh
Annual Cost = Capex/Service Life + Opex
typical Service Life 20 to 30 years (wind & solar)
•Step 1
•Step 2
Cost / kWh = Annual Cost / Annual Energy Output
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
Energy Conservation
“the cheapest and cleanest
energy is the one
that we don’t use”
Technology Training that WorksTechnology Training that Workswww.idc-online.com/slideshare
DO YOU WANT TO KNOW MORE?
If you are interested in further training or information, please visit:
http://idc-online.com/slideshare
top related