who’s got the most friends?. imperialism: a policy in which stronger nations extend their...
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IMPERIALISMWho’s got the most friends?
Imperialism: a policy in which stronger nations extend their political or military control over weaker territories.
Usually when a more technologically advanced country controls a less advanced country
Late 1800s: European countries were trying to build empires
Colonies became status symbols
IMPERIALISM: ECONOMICS
Benefits: Raw Materials
One nation cannot produce all that the country needs
New Markets Need to sell goods
somewhere Solves overproduction
problem Keep up with Europe Will strengthen
economy
Some Americans wanted to join in
IMPERIALISM: EXPANSION
Manifest Destiny Great West filled up New frontier = new
countries
Monroe Doctrine - recall
IMPERIALISM: MORAL OBLIGATION
Social Darwinism The US was more
evolved then the primitive people and countries they sought to control
Some Americans combined Social Darwinism with a belief in the racial superiority of Western Europeans.
Rudyard Kipling’s “The White Man’s Burden” The “white man” had a
responsibility to share their more advanced ways with primitive people
They argued that the US had a responsibility to spread Christianity & “civilize” the world’s “inferior” people.
IMPERIALISM: DESIRE FOR MILITARY STRENGTH
New territories would serve as military bases (protection, influence)
New territories would provide US with raw materials and new markets
Writings of Alfred Mahan - Influence of Sea Power on History led to the development
of the Great White Fleet (US Navy)
Need large navy to protect merchant ships and right to trade
All great empires (with colonies) had strong navies
AMERICAN OPPOSITION
American Anti-Imperialist League: Carnegie, Grover Cleveland protested
Believed taking over other countries was against America’s core beliefs
DEBATING AMERICA’S NEW ROLEImperialists’ Point of View Anti-Imperialists’ Point of View
U.S. need colonies to compete economically.
Supporting an empire would be a financial burden.
To be a true world power, U.S. needs colonies and naval bases.
U.S. should concentrate energies on solving problems at home.
It’s the American destiny to expand, and its duty to care for poor, weak peoples.
Nonwhites cannot be assimilated into American society.
To abandon territories makes U.S. look cowardly.
An empire would involve the U.S. in more wars.
It’s only honorable to keep land that Americans lost their lives to obtain.
It’s a violation of democratic principles to annex land and not offer them the same rights as U.S. citizens
AMERICAN IMPERIALISM
“big stick diplomacy”: speak softly but carry a big stick; always able to threaten with military [TR]
“dollar diplomacy”: established trade relationships with Cuba, China, the Philippines and others [Taft]
“moral diplomacy”: wanted to bring ‘civilization’ to other nations[Wilson]
SPANISH/AMERICAN WAR
1896: Spanish generals put Cubans into concentration camps
“Yellow Journalism”: Hearst and Pulitzer exaggerated what was happening, swayed American opinion
SPANISH/AMERICAN WAR
Feb. 1898: DeLome letter: intercepted from Spanish ambassador, criticized Pres. McKinley
Feb 15, 1898: USS Maine blew up in Havana Harbor, blamed on Spain
Spain agreed to all US demands, but public wanted war
SPANISH/AMERICAN WAR
US fought Spain in the Philippines
Blockade of Cuba Took Cuba in June
1898: TR’s Rough Riders, Newspapers declared TR a hero at San Juan Hill
Invaded Puerto Rico in July 1898
SPANISH/AMERICAN WAR
December 10, 1898: Treaty of Paris
US gained control of, Guam, Puerto Rico, and bought the Philippines
Platt and Teller Amendments: Gave US a military presence and control in Cuba
Created American Empire
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