what am i? articulations of the humerus, radius, and ulna. [ olecranon process ] medial collateral...
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What am I?
Articulations of the humerus, radius, and ulna. [ olecranon process ]Medial collateral ligament: 3 portions, anterior, posterior, oblique
The anterior fibers are tight in extension, while the posterior fibers are tight in flexion [ beyond 90 degrees ] The posterior fibers are fan shaped and thin when compared to the anterior fibers.
Causes: Back Hand Swing (tennis); Painting ; Carrying heavy buckets
Lateral EpicondylitisSymptoms: Point tenderness @ lateral epicondyle; radiating pain to mid forearm and into the middle and ring finger; stiffness in elbow.
Medial Epicondylitis – Golfer’s Elbow
Movements of elbow
Elbow: flexion - extensionWrist: supination - pronation - ulnar and radial deviation flexion and extension
Flexion and extension originate at the humeroradial and humeroulnar joints while pronation and supination occur from the radio scaphoid (Navicular)
articulations at the wrist and the radioulnar joint at the elbow.
Elbow Dislocations
6. Dislocations (fractures of the coronoid process occur in approx. 35-40% of elbow dislocations)
Dislocations of the elbow are infrequent occurrences in intercollegiate athletics.
However, when they do occur, the are often serious injuries due to the potential for fractures and impaired distal circulation .
Muscles of elbow, wrist, & hand• Biceps = primary supinator of the forearm also
primary for elbow flexion.• Brachial, originates on the humerus, extends
anteriorly across the joint and inserts into the ulna.• Triceps, 3 heads, Primary responsible for extension
of elbow.• Flexor - pronator group, originates on medial side• Extensor - supinator group, • Olecranon bursae, separates the skin over the tip of
the elbow from the pointed end of the ulna. [ Olecranon process ]
• Radial - humeral bursae, lies anteriorly between the radial head and the lateral epicondyle between the muscle attachments
Hand & Wrist Injuries
• Gamekeeper’s Thumb• Mallet Finger• Jersey Finger• Central Slip Injury /
Boutenniere Deformity• Swan Neck Deformity• Colles Fracture / Smith
Fracture• Scaphoid Fracture• Bennet’s Fracture
• Boxer’s Fracture• Dislocated Fingers• Smash/Avulsion
Injuries
Gamekeeper’s Thumb
Normal thumb Normal Carrying Angle Gamekeeper’s Sprain(Notice the opening of joint
Mallet Finger
How ? Hit on tip of finger with ball
S/S? Tip of Finger Drops Blood under nail Swelling
Tx? PRICE, Splint into ext., Need to refer
within a week
Mallet Finger
Jersey Finger
How? – Flexor tendon rupture Finger caught in jersey
S/S? Unable to actively flex finger at DIP or PIP
joint DIP represents Profundus rupture PIP represents Superficialis rupture
TX? Surgery Splint
Jersey Finger
Swan Neck Deformity
Swan Neck Deformity
•DIP goes into extension•PIP goes into flexion
Central Slip Injury / Boutenniere Deformity
How? PIP forceabley flexed and extended @
same time Common in Basketball Players
S/S? Unable to actively extend the joint Tenderness over the dorsal aspect of the
middle phalanx Tx?
Splint in full extension x 6 weeks
Central Slip Injury / Boutenniere Deformity
Colles Fracture What?
Distal Radial Fracture Most common arm fracture
How? Fall on outstretched hand Wrist goes into extension
S/S? immediate (acute) pain, tenderness, bruising, and
swelling Frequently, the wrist hangs in
an odd or bent way (deformity).
TX? PRICE Refer to MD Cast if no
surgery Surgery
possible
Colles Fracture
Smith Fracture
What? Distal Radial Fracture
How? Fall on flexed hand
S/S? Same as Colles
Fracture TX?
Same as Colles Fracture
Scaphoid Fracture What?
Fracture small carpal bone 2nd most common wrist
fracture How?
Fall on outstretched hand S/S?
Swelling Point tenderness (anatomical snuff box)
TX? Refer for xray – CYA!!!
Bennett’s Fracture Fracture of 1st MCP
jt Fall on
outstretched hand Dropped object TX
Refer for xray Splint
Boxer’s Fracture Break in the
small end of the 5th metacarpal
What caused it? Punching something harder than the hand, such as a wall or another person's head.
TX? PRICE
REFER
Dislocated Fingers During sports activities,
a basketball or baseball may strike the tip of an outstretched finger.
Your finger might get caught in equipment such as a game jersey or pads.
You might fall onto your outstretched hand.
Dislocated Finger
Do Not Try to Reduce!
Splint Refer
S/S Obvious Deformity Pain Swelling
Smash / Avulsion Injury
Smash / Avulsion Injury
3 months post op
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