welcome to. a brief history of halabja halabja was built in 1850s or older than that

Welcome to

HALABJA WILL REMAIN IN OUR HEART& WILL NEVER BE FORGOTTEN

A brief history of Halabja• Halabja was built in 1850s or older than that.

• Jaff tribe was the founder of Halabja

• Halabja lies in northeast of Iraq, and is 80 km from the south eastern city of Sulaimaniyah and 16 km away from Iran.

• Population of Halabja (including surrounding villages)• In 1977: 90,000• In 1990s: 120,000

• The religion of the vast majority of people of Halabja is Islam.

• Their native language is Kurdish.

Halabja before the attack• Since 1889, Halabja has been the site of struggle and

confrontation between the Jaff tribes and their opponents.

• The most famous leader of Jaff tribe was Adila Khanim who was a lady ruled Halabja from 1909 to 1924.

• Between 1930s and 1980s there were several political activities and movements in Halabja, and some political groups and parties appeared and established their cells there.

• Halabja has been bombarded by Iraqi armed forces several times:

• In 1963, by General Zayeem Sadiq• In 1974, by Baath Regime• In 1987, by Baath Regime

Three days before the attack

The catastrophe of Hallabja chemical bombardment time is night of 13th /14th March 1988.

Morning of 16th March 1988Sun is rising

People flood into the streets, bazaars and alleys

Beautiful spring & spotless sky

Preparation to lunch

The massacre of Halabja16th March 1988

Saddam and Ali Hassan Al-Majid (Chemical Ali) were sentenced to death (executed) after the liberation of Iraq

30th Dec 2006 25th Jan 2010

Who supplied the chemicals?!!

• Precursor chemicals and manufacturing equipment came from a variety of sources - the government of Iraq had a great deal of indigenous capacity for manufacturing the weapons.

• Many of the shells found at Halabja have Soviet markings.• With regard to Western companies, there is data pointing

to 85 German, 19 French, 18 British and 18 US suppliers. - BBC News Magazine, taken from Christine Gosden, Liverpool University

Recognition of Halabja attack and Saddam’s campaign against Kurds as

genocide by UK parliament

Halabja now!