week eight agenda

Week Eight Agenda• Announcements• Link of the week• Review week seven lab assignment• This week’s expected outcomes• Next lab assignment• Break-out problems• Upcoming deadlines• Lab assistance, questions and answers

Link of the weekhttp://bhami.com/rosetta.htmlA Sysadmin's Unixersal Translator (ROSETTA STONE)

OR   What do they call that in this world? Tasks OSsAdm. GUI AIXFile System A/UXKernel FreeBSDStart up scripts HP-UXCreate a file system LinuxMount CDROM NCR UnixAdd software Open BSD

Link of the weekhttp://support.apple.com/kb/HT1148?viewlocale=en_USSoftware Installation Quick Assist for Mac OS Xis a great toolbox that organizes and supports your

software collection.

Link of the week

Open Source Projectshttp://sourceforge.nethttp://freshmeat.net

Review week seven lab assignment• Every file is associated with one inode.• The inode contains the following information:

- file mode- count of hard links- owner id- group id- time of last file access- time of last file modification- file size- file addresses

Review week seven lab assignment

Review week seven lab assignment• The directory maps file names to inodes.• Each file has one inode.• The number of inodes is a kernel parameter

value set manually or dynamically by the operating system.

• Each file may have more than one directory entry.

• Inodes contain a list of disk block addresses.• All inodes are data structures

Review week seven lab assignment

Review week seven lab assignment• When there are multiple hard links, more directory entries

point to the same inode (same file name)• An inode can only hold a fixed number of direct data block

addresses (10 for Linux). Large files use indirect block addresses.

• The inode keeps a count of the number of hard links that point to it.

• Deleting a file deletes and entry from a directory.

• If the number of hard links is 1, removing or deleting that file will also delete the inode.

Review week seven lab assignment

Review week seven lab assignment

Define: A symbolic link is a link to a directory or to a file in a different file system. A symbolic path indicating the abstract location of another file.

Define: A physical link (hard) refers to the specific location of physical data.

Review week seven lab assignmentDefine: tar

tar –cf newpack.tar /export/home/dandrear

tar –xvf origpack.tartar –tvf origpack.tar

Define: gzipgzip filename.targzip –d filename.tar.gzgunzip filename.tar.gz

Define: bzip2/bunzip2ipbzip2 filename.tarbunzip2 filename.tar.bx2

Review week seven lab assignment• Installing the software package

Package FreeBSD Port

• Usually, the source files are packaged in a compressed archive file (.tar.gz). After downloading, the .tar.gz file, use the tar tool to uncompress the un-package the source files.

Review week seven lab assignmentDefinition: Installation (computer programs)Installation process:

- Condensed package- Unpack package- Customized package- Test the functionality of the system- Configure files

Review week seven lab assignment• Two choices for installing a project

1. Install binaries from a package called “rpm” in Red Hat. rpm checks for dependencies and conflicts with other installed packages on the system.

Review week seven lab assignment2. Install from source code

Allows for custom installationsAllows for code modificationsOptimum compilation for target

platform

Review week seven lab assignmentrpm is a tool

rpm –q sloccount (query to see if tool exists)

If the tool isn’t on your system, create a directory named sloccountDownload name sloccount-2.23-

1.i386.rpmrpm –vUh sloccount-2.23-1.i386.rpm (install tool)

See the man page regarding the rpm tool

Review week seven lab assignment• QUERYING AND VERIFYING PACKAGES: rpm {-q|--query} [select-options] [query-options]

rpm {-V|--verify} [select-options] [verify-options]

rpm --import PUBKEY ...

rpm {-K|--checksig} [--nosignature] [--nodigest] PACKAGE_FILE ...

• INSTALLING, UPGRADING, AND REMOVING PACKAGES: rpm {-i|--install} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...

rpm {-U|--upgrade} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...

rpm {-F|--freshen} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...

rpm {-e|--erase} [--allmatches] [--nodeps] [--noscripts] [--notriggers] [--repackage] [--test] PACKAGE_NAME ...

Review week seven lab assignmentSoftware Installation of UNIX/Linux typically goes

something like this:

• Download the software, which might be distributed in source code format, or as a binary.

• Unpack the software from its distribution format (typically a tarball compressed with compress, gzip, or bzip2

• Locate the documentation (perhaps an INSTALL or README file, or some files in a doc/ subdirectory) and read up on how to install the software.

• If the software was distributed in source format, compile it. This may involve editing a makefile, or running a configure script, and other work.

• Test and install the software.

Review week seven lab assignmentKernel is the central component of most operating

systems. It’s responsibility is to manage the system’s resources and communicate between the hardware and software.

Kernel space is allocated for the kernel. Users aren’t able to access this area. Kernel space is generally larger than user space.

User space is a memory area where all user mode applications are performed. This memory area is swappable if necessary.

Review week seven lab assignmentTurnable Parameters

Unix/Linux kernel semmni, semmns, aand semmsl reflect the

number of semaphores per set/Cache usesshmmax, shmmni, shmseg, and shmall

reflect shared memory allocationmaxusers, pt_cnt, use_mxcc_prefetch

File Systems (CDFS, MEMFS, NAMEFS, NFS, SFS, S5, UFS, VXFS)

Buffer cacheAmount of memory used to transfer a file system data structure such as inodes, indirect blocks, and

cylinder groups.

Review week seven lab assignment

Software releasesInterfaces – normally remain the

constant.Implementations – actual fixesBehaviors – system changes from one

implementation to another

Week eighth expected outcomesUpon successful completion of this module, the

student will be able to:• Create make file scripts for software programs. • Use pattern rules in make files. • Create an effective PowerPoint presentation. • Create make files with multiple targets. • Install software packages on a server.

Next Lab Assignment• The Installation Exercise is an exercise that requires

following directions. Perform each step in the prescribed sequence and syntax.

• Create an ASCII file named 4th_log.txt• Create the following directory

/$HOME/itec400/homework/4th

• Download the programming language “forth”

• Copy compressed “tar” file to your 4th directorycd /$HOME/itec400/homework/4th

cp ~dandrear/public_html/itec400/Misc/4th-3.3d2-unix.tar.gz .

Next Lab Assignment

The expected output is an executable file called “4th”.

Commandwho –rls -li

View directories/etc/fstab (view on cs.franklin.edu)

fsck -A/etc/sysconfig

Break-out problemsFirmwareBIOS/etc/fstabTurnable parametersSystem panicVirtual memory/boot/vmlinuz-*Single user modePaginginodeASCIIFreeBSD softwareshared memorysemaphore

Upcoming deadlines

• Programming Assignment 1, 6-1 is due 3/1/09.• Installation Exercise, 8-1 is due 3/8/09.• Startup/Shutdown, 9-1 is due 3/15/09.• Account/LDAP Script, 10-1 is due 3/22/09.• Process Exercise, 10-2 is due 3/22/09.Demonstrate Power Point Presentationhttp://cs.franklin.edu/~dandrear/itec400/1greg.ppt

Questions and answers• Questions• Comments• Concerns

• I am available after this Franklin Live session to discuss any problems and/or concerns regarding the lab assignments