week 8 mirror neuron systems and brain tracts
Post on 05-Feb-2022
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COGS 1
Week 8Mirror Neuron Systems and Brain Tracts
Announcements
• Midterm 2: Thursday, February 25th (weeks 4-6)
• Questions for the midterm?
This Week’s Questions: Mirror Neurons
• Which actions do mirror neurons respond to
• What types of brain systems are affected?
• How do these systems rely on hormones and behaviors?
Mirror Neurons in Primates: Multimodal
• Performs an action (breaking peanut)• Watches experimenter perform that action• and, Hears the sound of that action being performed
Same population of premotor cortical neurons are activated, suggesting auditory and visual mirroring
Mirror Neuron System: Role in Social Cognition
Hypothesis: Primate action matching system becomes integrated with higher cognitive areas and emotion processing regions in humans
Neural mechanism for social cognition, theory of mind, empathy, facial affect processing
Measured through imaging, TMS, EEG.Key Output to Sensorimotor cortex:
modulation of alpha waves
Rizzolatti 1987Iacoboni Review 2009
Oberman, Pineda 2005
Conditions:A
mp
litu
de
Time (s)
Moving Balls
Moving Human HandBiological Motion
AMPLIFIER
Involved observer
Oxytocin• Neurohormone
• Associated with trust, reduction of fear
• Attachment, bonding
• Found in high concentrations in new mothers
• Promotes social cohesion
• Appears reduced in schizophrenia
• Some recent small scale studies indicate that OT improves symptoms of schizophrenia
• Neural mechanism not known
Low dose OT High dose OT
-Single dose pretreatment-Followed by EEG-Questions: Is there a change in EEG signal with single dose of OT, placebo-Gender differences-Healthy controls-SCZ patients
Oxytocin’s effects on mu suppression
Placebo
This Week’s Questions: Structural Brain Imaging
• What methods do we use to image brains?
• How does the brain change over a lifetime?
• What are some basic structures within a brain we pay attention to?
Questions?
this stuff can be complicated, what interests you most?
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