wednesday september 8, 2010 “open 24 hours. except 2 am to 8 am.” - sign at a pizzeria welcome!...
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Wednesday September 8, 2010“Open 24 Hours. Except 2 AM to 8 AM.”
- Sign at a pizzeria
Welcome!
1. Come in, sit down, and smile!
2. On a piece of paper write the following:
1. Name
2. If you could go to dinner anywhere, where it would be
3. Something cool you have done
4. Anything you know about Christopher Columbus
European Exploration in the East
Why did they start exploring? 1.Renaissance
Sparks curiosity and need for adventure
2. Looking for new ways to get rich Asia had spices (nutmeg,
ginger, cinnamon, pepper) Demand was bigger than
supply so merchants could raise prices
Muslims and Italians control trade over land
Europeans looking for other route
3. Spreading Christianity “gold, God, and glory” Must convert “savage”
Muslims
4. Technology New technology made it
possible to explore further and easier
Triangular sails Improved boats Better navigation (magnetic
compass)
Portugal First to explore At first, along West Coast
of Africa, later finding route to Asia
Trade in Africa for gold, slaves
Prince Henry the Navigator Son of the King Found lots of treasure
during conquests Wanted to spread
Christianity Founded navigational
school and sponsored earliest explorers Mapmaking, shipbuilding,
etc.
Heading to Asia At first, though they had
to sail around Africa
Bartolomeu Dias Reached tip of Africa
(Cape of Good Hope) Storms blew him around
tip Wanted to keep going, but
crew couldn’t
Vasco da Gama Reached Southwest tip of
India Found spices, silks, gems Got direct trade route to
India Made da Gama very
popular
Spain Christopher Columbus
Wanted to find route to Asia by sailing West
Thought he reached West Indies (actually hit the Bahamas in the Caribbean) Sets stage for settling New World – often credited with “discovering” America (Columbian exchange)
Claimed all of the islands for Spain
Creates problems between Spain and Portugal
Portugal v. Spain Line of Demarcation –
imaginary line dividing claims of Spain and Portugal
Portugal thought Columbus claimed their land
Treaty of Tordesillas – agreement to honor line (Spain gets West, Portugal gets East)
Ferdinand Magellan (Spain) First to circumnavigate
(sail around) the world “Finds” Philippines 3 year trip Only 18 men out of 230
made it back
Eventually Portuguese dies out Dutch and English are in
(compete)
Dutch Netherlands Have largest fleet by 1600
AD Form Dutch East India
Company
The Spanish in the Americas
Pedro Alvares Cabral
Discovered Brazil
Amerigo Vespucci
Realized the places they were exploring was a “New World”
America was named after him
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
First European to see Pacific Ocean
Conquistadors
(Conquerors)
Hernando Cortez
Had 600 men Wanted Aztec gold Montezuma II (Aztec
leader) though Cortez was a god
Aztecs and Spanish fight
Cortez wins (conquers Aztec civilization)
Why Cortez won
1. Better weapons (horses, cannons, etc.)
2. Help from other surrounding tribes
3. Disease (measles, mumps, smallpox, typhus)
Francisco Pizarro
Conquered Incas using only 200 Spanish v. 30,000 Incas
Incan ruler was Atahualpa
Ponce de Leon
Claims Florida for Spain
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado Claims Arizona, New
Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas (weren’t called that at the time)
Pay attention to people and words in red (those that you filled in). Also, define:Mercantilism and John Cabot Additionally, answer the following question:•Identify and briefly describe the negative consequences of the Spanish encomienda system. Were there any positive consequences?
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