web 2.0: beyond the hype.” usability professionals association, minneapolis mn; february 2006
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Web 2.0Is there a There there?
A colleague…
“The bottom line…reality is that
nobody really cares about the terms
used to make technology happen,
the only people who do are the
writers…and you guys got sucked in
because you read a lot.”
Tim Bray
“I just wanted to say how much I’ve come to dislike this “Web 2.0” faux-meme. It’s not only vacuous marketing hype, it can’t possibly be right. In terms of qualitative changes of everyone’s experience of the Web, the first happened when Google hit its stride and suddenly search was useful for, and used by, everyone every day. The second—syndication and blogging turning the Web from a library into an event stream—is in the middle of happening. So a lot of us are already on 3.0. Anyhow, I think Usenet might have been the real 1.0. But most times, the whole thing still feels like a shaky early beta to me.”
Co-editor XML spec, founder Antartica sw, Director of Web Technologies at Sun
http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2005/08/04/Web-2.0
Jeffrey Zeldman
“It soon appeared that “Web 2.0” was not only bigger than the Apocalypse but also more profitable. Profitable, that is, for investors like the speaker. Yet the new gold rush must not be confused with the dot-com bubble of the 1990s: “Web 1.0 was not disruptive. You understand? Web 2.0 is totally disruptive. You know what XML is? You’ve heard about well-formedness? Okay. So anyway—” And on it ran, like a dentist’s drill in the Gulag.
A List Apart, HappyCog, Designing with Web Standards
http://www.alistapart.com/articles/web3point0
Joel Spolsky
“The term Web 2.0 particularly
bugs me. It’s not a real concept.
It has no meaning. It’s a big,
vague, nebulous cloud of pure
architectural nothingness.” Joel on Software, Fog Creek Software
http://www.joelonsoftware.com/Fog
So why am I here tonight talking to you about Web 2.0?
These are people I really respect.
They’re smarter than me.
It’s because of the 2000 Census.
Google’s shared APIs are to the GNU
vs. UNIX debate what the 2000
Census was to the English Only
movement
Etymology of “Web 2.0”
• The concept of "Web 2.0" began with a conference brainstorming session between O'Reilly and MediaLive International.
• “Dale Dougherty, web pioneer and O'Reilly VP, noted that far from having "crashed", the web was more important than ever, with exciting new applications and sites popping up with surprising regularity. What's more, the companies that had survived the collapse seemed to have some things in common. Could it be that the dot-com collapse marked some kind of turning point for the web, such that a call to action such as "Web 2.0" might make sense?”
http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html
Rebuttal
“Tim [Bray] is completely wrong about
the big picture. Memes are almost
always “marketing hype” –bumper
stickers is a better way to say it-but
they tend to catch on only if they
capture some bit of the zeitgeist.”http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2005/08/not_20.html
It doesn’t matter what you call it
• Open Source
• AJAX
• Collective intelligence/social
networking
• Mashups
Seven Characteristics (per Tim O’Reilly)
• Web as platform
• Harnessing collective intelligence
• Primacy of data (sources)
• Continuous maintenance/improvement
• Lightweight programming models
• SW above the level of single device
• Rich user experiences
“Web 1.0” “Web 2.0”
DoubleClick Google AdSense
Ofoto Flickr
Mp3 Napster
Britannica Online Wikipedia
Evite Upcoming.org, EVDB
Directories
(taxonomy)
Tagging
(folksonomy)
Personal websites Blogging
Stickiness Syndication
Web as Platform
• Netscape framed web as platform using old sw paradigmweb browser desktop app
• Browsers & web servers both became commodities
• Value moved up the chain to services delivered over the web platform
Harnessing Collective Intelligence
• Extending the open source
philosophy
• Users pursue “selfish” interests &
build collective value as an
automatic byproduct
• Dan Bricklin (VisiCalc): Cornucopia
of the Commons
Harnessing Collective Intelligence• Hyperlinking = foundation of webassociations
become stronger through repetition/intensity (Google’s breakthrough)
• eBay’s product=collective activity, competitive advantage-critical mass
• Wikipedia- “with enough eyeballs all bugs are shallow” Eric Raymond/Open source software
• Folksonomy• Peer production methods (Linux, Apache,
MySQL, Perl, PHP, Python)
Long Tail
• Chris Anderson Wired article (2004)
• Colloquial name for feature of statistical
distribution in which infrequent
occurences/low amplitude distribution
can cumulatively outnumber/outweigh
the initial such that in aggregate they
constitute the majority
RSS-Really Simple Syndication
• Remember “push”?
• It turns out that people wanted “pull.”
http://www-rcf.usc.edu/~wdutton/comm533/pushtech.html
Primacy of Data
• Database management as core
competency
• Control of datasource−NavTeq/TeleAtlas/DigitalGlobe root of
mapping; Mapquest pioneered in 1995competing apps by licensing same data
−Amazon & ISBN
Classes of core data
• Location
• Identity
• Calendaring of public events
• Product identifiers
• namespaces
Release Cycle Obsolete
• Service ceases to perform unless
maintained on a daily basis
• Release early/release often
• Real time monitoring of user
behavior
Lightweight programming models
• AJAX, RSS, HTML−Barriers to re-use low−HTML’s “view source”
• Lightweight business models—innovation
in assembly−Dell assembly of commodity hardware
• AdSense as “snap in equivalent of a
business model”
AJAX : asynchronous javascript + HTML
• Pages that interact with the server
without refreshingfeels flash-like
• Web standards−CSS: layout−XML: data−XHTML: markup−JavaScript/DOM: behavior
AJAX
• Standards based presentation using XHTML and CSS
• Dynamic display and interaction using Document Object Model
• Data interchange and manipulation using XML
• Asynchronous data retrieval using XHTML HttpRequest
• JavaScript binding everything together
Focus moves from the single device
• iTunes−Application seamlessly reaches from
handheld device to massive web backend with PC as local cache/control station
Rich User Experiences
• Word processor: wiki-style
collaborative editing + rich
formatting
• Project management via Basecamp,
Ta-da
Social Networking
• Power of weak
ties
• MySpace: more
views than
Free tagging, Folksonomy, Intersection of personal & public
Folksonomy: flickr
Folksonomy: del.icio.us
Folksonomy: del.icio.us
Authority in numbers
FIRST
Timeliness
popularity
Solo/group
relationships
Social Networking Meets Folksonomy
Social Networking Meets Folksonomy
Mashups
• Web app hybrids
• Seamlessly combined content from
more than one source
• Typically sourced from a 3rd party
via an API−Application programming interface
What does it mean for us?
• UX Designers: wireframing virtually
impossible
• End of paper prototyping?
• More technical expertise required?
What *else* does it mean for us?
• You tell me.
Thank you!
Samantha Bailey
Director, Usability -- Thomson West
http://westlaw.com
samantha@baileysorts.com
http://baileysorts.com
References• Slide 2: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2.0
• Slide 3, 13, 16, 17: http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html
• Slide 4, 30: http://www.adaptivepath.com/publications/essays/archives/000385.php
• Slide 6: http://www.ok-cancel.com/comic/123.html
• Slide 7: http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2005/08/04/Web-2.0
• Slide 8: http://www.alistapart.com/articles/web3point0
• Slide 9: http://www.joelonsoftware.com/Fog
• Slide 12: http://www.gnu.org/
• Slide 14: http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2005/08/not_20.html
• Slide 31: http://writely.com
• Slide 32: http://37signals.com
• Slide 33: http://google.com
• Slide 34: http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/jul2005/tc20050719_5427_tc119.htm
• Slide 35: http://flickr.com/
• Slide 36: http://del.icio.ous
• Slide 39: http://www.43things.com/
• Slide 41: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mashup_(web_application_hybrid)
• Slide 42: http://www.chicagocrime.org
• Slide 44: http://randomchaos.com/games/fastr
• Slide 45: http://newzingo.com
• Slide 46: http://garbagescout.com
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