“we bring engineering to life” 3-d stream restoration design, monitoring and beyond david...

““We Bring We Bring Engineering Engineering

to Life”to Life”

Biological and Agricultural EngineeringBiological and Agricultural Engineering

3-D Stream Restoration 3-D Stream Restoration Design, Monitoring and Design, Monitoring and BeyondBeyond

David Bidelspach, PE - Stantec Consulting

Greg Jennings, PE – NCSU BAE

Dan Clinton, PE – Town of Cary

Barbara Doll, PE – NC Sea Grant

to Life”to Life” Biological & Agricultural EngineeringBiological & Agricultural Engineering

We are living in a 3-D WorldWe are living in a 3-D World

DESIGN

MODELING

RE-DESIGN – Design Iterations

CONSTRUCTION

MONITORING

BEYOND – What is next

What is aWhat is a 3-D Design 3-D DesignEagle Point

Surv-CAD

Geo-Pak

Land Desktop

Autodesk Civil Series

RiverMorph?

HEC-RAS?

- Manage Points

- Define Alignments

- Create Points from Alignments

- Build Surfaces

What is aWhat is a 3-D Design 3-D DesignEagle Point

Surv-CAD

Geo-Pak

Land Desktop

Autodesk Civil Series

RiverMorph ?

HEC-RAS ?

Benefits - of 3-D DesignBenefits - of 3-D Design Hydraulic Modeling is Not Limited

Easier to Create Design Revisions and Iterations– Better Estimate of Quantities– Optimization of Project Reaches– Constructability

Assist in Construction Stakeout

GPS Guided Construction Equipment– Good Check for On-site Stupidity During

Construction

3-D Design – Existing Surface3-D Design – Existing Surface

3-D Design –Valley Slope3-D Design –Valley Slope

3D- Morph Table, Entrainment 3D- Morph Table, Entrainment NCD River Course IINCD River Course II

3-D Design – 3-D Design – Constraints and ThalwegConstraints and Thalweg

3D – Design Beltwidth3D – Design Beltwidth

3-D Design - 3-D Design - Layout and DesignLayout and Design

3D – Breaklines for Surface3D – Breaklines for Surface

3D – Layout and Design3D – Layout and Design

3-D Design - 3-D Design - Modeling SummaryModeling Summary

Engineering to Check and Design– Sediment, Backwater, Velocity, & Shear

Stress

HEC-RAS Limitations– 1-D only

• cannot model actual flow around bends, in constrictions, or other 2-D, 3-D flows

• cannot model channel-floodplain interactions

HEC-RAS ….. 3-D? HEC-RAS ….. 3-D?

HEC-RAS – HEC-RAS – 2 Geometry Files2 Geometry Files

HEC-RASHEC-RAS

ELEVATION OF THALWEG AND STAGE OF KOOTENAI RIVER, BONNERS FERRY (DRAFT USGS)

Distance below upstream model boundary located at river kilometer 254, in meters

Minimum Elevation in Channel (DRAFT - USGS)

Modeled stage for flow of 6,930 cfs on 3/1/2006

Modeled stage for flow of 69,550 cfs 6/18/2006

3D & 2D Modeling3D & 2D Modeling

3D – Simulations for Design3D – Simulations for Design

Re-Design, ConstructabilityRe-Design, Constructability

OptimizationOptimization

3-D Construction ?3-D Construction ?

3-D Construction3-D Construction

Limited construction oversight As-built conditions surveyed during

construction Efficient digging

GPS Construction DemoDecember 6th-7th 2006

Top Con GPS Hardware Installation 12-04-06 ~ 8 hrs

Traditional Cut Stake

Traditional Laser Level Setup

GPS Sensors on Bucket and Stick

GPS Sensors on Boom and Stick

Nightly removal of GPS antennas

GPS Demo

GPS Display in Cab of Cat 325

GPS Rover and Grade Rodman

3-D Monitoring3-D MonitoringData AnalysisData Analysis

Shows current condition of the project Compares current condition to previous years Shows how stream is functioning Shows trends and direction

3D - Monitoring3D - Monitoring

Photo Documentation Profile Analysis - 3D Surveys Cross-sectional Analysis - 3D Surveys Planform Analysis - CAD

3D – Surveys vs. 1-D Surveys3D – Surveys vs. 1-D Surveys

Example Photo Point Example Photo Point Photo Point 19Photo Point 19

Photo Objectives in Plan ViewPhoto Objectives in Plan View

Profile AnalysisProfile Analysis

Utilize CAD Program if data collected with the use of a Total Station

Alignment set at as-built time– Allows for direct comparison of stationing– Alter alignment if channel migrates

“significantly” Record thalweg length annually Survey at the thalweg based on stream

feature

Long Profile Group #3 Centerline Adjusted

Riff le

RunPoolPool

600 650 700 750 800 850 900

Centerline Station (ft)

Thalweg Water

Riffle Run

Pool Glide

Pool Length

84 ft to 71ft

Pool Length

13 ft to 43 ft

Long Profile Group #3 Centerline Adjusted

Riff le

RunPoolPool

600 650 700 750 800 850 900

Centerline Station (ft)

Thalweg Water

Riffle Run

Pool Glide

Pool Length

84 ft to 71ft

Pool Length

13 ft to 43 ft

Utilize CAD Program if data collected with the use of a Total Station

Alignment set at as-built time– Allows for direct comparison of stationing– Alter alignment if channel migrates

“significantly” Record thalweg length annually Survey at the thalweg based on stream

feature

Profile AnalysisProfile Analysis Plot

– Thalweg

– Water Surface

– Bankfull (Design)

– Bankfull (Depositional Bench)

– Top of Bank

– Vanes and other structures

Creating Stationing from Creating Stationing from Survey PointsSurvey Points Create Stationing Based on a Baseline

– Thalweg Baseline vs. Centerline Baseline

Exporting Points Based on a Baseline Alignment– Changing description keys for River

Morph of other software programs– AutoCAD, Micro-Station, Eagle Point,

Arc-View, and SurvCAD

GARNER BRANCH OF WALNUT CREEKCHAVIS PARK - LONG PROFILE2004 MONITORING

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800

STATION (ft)

2004 WATER SURFACE LBKF RBKF As-Build Survey 2004 Monitoring TOP OF BANK

Top of Bank = -0.0122 * STA + 272.1Bankfull = -0.0115 * STA + 262.4

Water Surface = -0.0115 * STA + 260.9

Profile from BaselineProfile from Baseline

Using a Base AlignmentUsing a Base Alignment

GARNER BRANCH OF WALNUT CREEKCHAVIS PARK - LONG PROFILE2004 MONITORING

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800

STATION (ft)

2004 WATER SURFACE LBKF RBKF As-Build Survey 2004 Monitoring TOP OF BANK

Top of Bank = -0.0122 * STA + 272.1Bankfull = -0.0115 * STA + 262.4

Water Surface = -0.0115 * STA + 260.9

Profile from ThalwegProfile from Thalweg

Using the Stream ProfileUsing the Stream Profile

Example ProfileExample Profile

Example Structure ProfilesExample Structure Profiles

Surveying Stream FeaturesSurveying Stream Features

Head of Riffl e

Head of Pool

Head of PoolHead of Pool

Head of Pool

Head of Glide

Head of Glide Head of Glide

Head of Glide

Head of Pool

300 400 500 600 700 800

Thalw eg Water Head of Riff le Head of Run Head of Pool Head of Glide Rock Cross Vane

Looking upstream at Cross Vane ~ Sta: 4+00

Surveying Stream FeaturesSurveying Stream Features

Head of Riffl e

Head of Pool

Head of PoolHead of Pool

Head of Pool

Head of Glide

Head of Glide Head of Glide

Head of Glide

Head of Pool

300 400 500 600 700 800

Thalw eg Water Head of Riff le Head of Run Head of Pool Head of Glide Rock Cross Vane

Placement of Pin FlagsPlacement of Pin Flags

Looking downstream at Cross Vane ~ Sta: 5+00

Calculations– Lengths and Slopes of stream features

• From Excel / CAD

– Spacing of stream features– Locations of features with respect to

planform– Report Minimum, Maximum and Median

for length, spacing and slope in summary table

Cross-section AnalysisCross-section Analysis

Utilize CAD Program if data collected has been collected with a Total Station

Alignment and stationing are set at as-built time– Allows for direct comparison of stationing– Allows for easier data collection

Cross-section AnalysisCross-section Analysis Plot

– Channel bed

– End Pins

– Bankfull Line

– Top of Bank Line (if appropriate)

– Survey Bank Profiles

Cross-section AnalysisCross-section Analysis

Calculations– Bankfull Area– Bankfull Width– Bankfull Mean Depth– Bankfull Maximum Depth– Floodprone Width– Width/depth Ratio– Entrenchment Ratio

Cross-section CalculationsCross-section Calculations

Notes of Caution– Area must be calculated based on the same

datum year after year– Area can be calculated based on bankfull

deposition but the standard should be the designed bankfull

– Survey line must be consistent year after year

Cross Section LocationCross Section Location

Correct

X-Section

Misplaced

X-Section

Planform AnalysisPlanform Analysis

Utilize CAD Program if data collected on Total Station

Most variable of all measurements Field measurements very difficult and most

variable Works best if as-built to designed underlain

current monitoring

Planform AnalysisPlanform Analysis Results

– Radius of Curvature

– Meander Wave Length

– Channel Belt Width

– Valley Length

Planform AnalysisPlanform Analysis

Planform AnalysisPlanform AnalysisRadius Of CurvatureRadius Of Curvature

Planform AnalysisPlanform AnalysisBelt Width and MeanderWavelengthBelt Width and MeanderWavelength

Planform ExamplePlanform ExampleOverlay As-buildOverlay As-build

And Beyond ?And Beyond ?

“ The more I learn the less I know”“ The more I learn the less I know”

Mannings n vs. Depth

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3

Mannings n

Weighted Mannings n Average Mannings n Mannings "n" > 2% Flow 7 8

Contact Information ?Contact Information ?

David Bidelspach

Stantec – Raleigh NC

919-218-0864

David_Bidelspach@ncsu.edu

David.Bidelspach@stantec.com

“we bring engineering to life” 3-d stream restoration design, monitoring and beyond david...

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