water pollution types ppt - willis' science · what is water pollution? •any physical,...

Water Pollution

What Is Water Pollution?• Any physical,

biological or chemical

change in water

quality that adversely

affects living

organisms or makes

the water unsuitable

for desired uses.

Pollution Indicators

• 1) Hazardous bacterial levels, dead

fish, or lots of algae

Pollution Indicators

• 2) SERIOUS birth defects in almost

50% of animals studied

• 3) Exotic species present

Pollution Indicators

Point vs Nonpoint Sources

• Point: Discharged to env. via pipes/sewers specific places.

• Non-point: Pollutants entering water from large areas rather than a single point

– Mining wastes

– Agricultural runoff

– Urban runoff

Non-Point

Point

Largest pollutant by volume.

Sedimentation occurs b/c of erosion.

1) Sediment Pollution

• So what if there is more

dirt in the water…

Discuss with your

partner the ecological

problems with placing

sediment in the water.

Create a list!

Ecological Probs 1. Reduces light penetration in aquatic systems (Less PS = Less

Oxygen)

Ecological Probs 2. Transports toxic subs. into

water

Ecological Probs 3. Fills Waterways, Wetlands,

Reservoirs

Ecological Probs 4. Nutrient Loss From Soil =

More fertilizer use

Erosion• Process of soil particles being

removed by wind or water.

• Small particles easily moved.

• Soil contains nutrients!

Keeping Sediment In Place

Vegetate!!

2) Raw Sewage: untreated

material from water pipes

from homes/industry.

Sewage Spill. Guess

Where?

Video:

Sewage

Spill in

SLO!!

• Sewer Lines break releases

pathogens (disease causing agents)

into ground or surface water

• 25,000,000 deaths yearly

• Comes from untreated human wastes and animal wastes

• 2.5 billion lack sanitation

3) Disease-Causing Agents

Case Study: Schistosomiasis• Caused by a flatworm:

lives in snail.

• Host releases eggs from feces into water, eggs hatch, infest snail foot.

• Worm grows inside snail, then swims off snail onto human skin.

• Worm enzymes break down human skin enter. Eats RBC’s.

• Symptoms: ab pain, skin rash, anemia, tired

• Most

serious

water

pollutants

in terms

of health

4) Inorganic Plant Nutrients

•Excess nitrates, phosphates cause

eutrophication-excessive Algal growth

Ex: Red Tide: bloom of

dinoflagellates

• Red Tide at Night

Red Tide

Video

5) Organic Compounds: Oil

Exxon Valdez:

1989, Prince

William Sound

O Cpds: Plastics

Oil Spills

6) Inorganic Chemicals:

Metals

• Heavy metals: Hg, Cadmium, Ni, Pb

• Comes from: Lead pipes, Coal burning (Hg), Mining wastes, Tin, Cu on boat hulls

Case Study: Minamata Japan• 1932 Chisso Corp. made acetaldehyde. Hg: industrial byproduct discharged into

bay.

• 1st: Fish/cats began showing weird behaviors.

• 1956: Humans had

loss of motor

control partly

paralyzed and

contorted bodies.

Chisso Corp. Protesters

• 1963: “Minamata

disease” traced to

Hg from Chisso.

People ate fish w/

Hg.

• Forced to dredge

bay and pay victims

• 1,784 died, 86 mill

in compensation

Have You Ever Wondered Why

Power Plants are Near the

Water?

7) Thermal Pollution• Raising or lowering temp. from

normal levels

• From industrial coolant outflows (to cool electrical power plants)

Thermal Pollution• Cons: Lowers Dissolved Oxygen

levels (O in water)

• Thermal Shock: orgs killed by abrupt

change in temp of water.