water on earth the water cycle. the science of the water cycle

Water on EarthWater on Earth

The Water CycleThe Water Cycle

The Science of The Science of the Water Cyclethe Water Cycle

3 States of Water3 States of Water

Solid – iceSolid – ice

Gas – Water Vapor

Liquid -water

3 States of Water3 States of Water

Solid- molecules packed together Solid- molecules packed together and vibrating very slowlyand vibrating very slowly

Middleschoolchemistry.com

Ice animation

LiquidLiquid

Molecules loosely packed and Molecules loosely packed and sliding past each othersliding past each other

Middleschoolchemistry.com

Compare a solid and a liquid animation

Vapor (gas)Vapor (gas)

Molecules are spread far apart and Molecules are spread far apart and moving fast moving fast

Middleschoolchemistry.com

Comparing solid, liquid, gas animation

How does water change How does water change state?state?

By By addingadding or or removingremoving heat heat energyenergy

Add energyAdd energy (think (think EnEnergy ergy InIn))

Remove energyRemove energy (think Energy (think Energy ExExits)its)Heating and cooling of a solid animationHeating and cooling of a liquid melting ice animationHeating and cooling of a gas

Changing StatesChanging StatesIs energy added or Is energy added or

removed?removed?

Ice melting- energy is ________Ice melting- energy is ________ Water freezing- energy is _________Water freezing- energy is _________ Water boiling- energy is __________ Water boiling- energy is __________

Adding and removing energy

Where does this “energy” come Where does this “energy” come from to change the state the water from to change the state the water is in?is in?

This process is driven by the sun This process is driven by the sun and its energyand its energy

Water CycleWater Cycle

Water Cycle VideoWater Cycle Video

What is the Water Cycle?What is the Water Cycle?

The continuous movement of The continuous movement of water into the air, onto land, and water into the air, onto land, and back into the air over and over back into the air over and over again again

Water Cycle

Water Cycle- EvaporationWater Cycle- Evaporation

The sun heats up liquid water The sun heats up liquid water

and turns it into water vapor (gas)and turns it into water vapor (gas) Water vapor is invisibleWater vapor is invisible

The “smoke” we see is from the vapor condensing…

Evaporation animation

Water Cycle- TranspirationWater Cycle- Transpiration

Do plants sweat?Do plants sweat? Well, sort of.... people perspire (sweat) and Well, sort of.... people perspire (sweat) and

plants transpire.  plants transpire.  Transpiration is the process by which Transpiration is the process by which

plants lose water out of their leavesplants lose water out of their leaves. .  Transpiration gives evaporation Transpiration gives evaporation

a bit of a hand in getting the water a bit of a hand in getting the water

vapor back up into the air.vapor back up into the air.

Water Cycle- Water Cycle- CondensationCondensation

Water vapor in the air gets cold Water vapor in the air gets cold and changes back into liquid, and changes back into liquid, forming clouds forming clouds

Condensation animation

Water Cycle- PrecipitationWater Cycle- Precipitation

The solid or liquid water thatThe solid or liquid water that

Falls from the air to the surfaceFalls from the air to the surface

-rain, snow, sleet, hail…-rain, snow, sleet, hail…

Water Cycle- RunoffWater Cycle- Runoff

Water that flows across land and Water that flows across land and collects in rivers, streams, and collects in rivers, streams, and eventually the oceaneventually the ocean

Water Cycle- GroundwaterWater Cycle- Groundwater

Water Water

located located

within the within the

rocks below rocks below

the Earth’s the Earth’s

surfacesurface

Changing states in the Changing states in the Water CycleWater Cycle

Evaporation- energy is_________Evaporation- energy is_________ Condensation- energy is __________Condensation- energy is __________ Transpiration- energy is ___________Transpiration- energy is ___________

Water Everywhere!Water Everywhere!Water is MATTERWater is MATTER. .

-What is matter?-What is matter?

It has Mass and Volume. It has Mass and Volume.

Conservation of MatterConservation of MatterWater cannot be created, nor Water cannot be created, nor

destroyed. It cycles. It changes statedestroyed. It cycles. It changes state (remember the 3 phases- solid, liquid, (remember the 3 phases- solid, liquid, gas) it never decreases or increases gas) it never decreases or increases in total amount.in total amount.

We do not have more or less water now We do not have more or less water now than we did millions of years ago!!than we did millions of years ago!!

The Water Cycle just keeps going, and The Water Cycle just keeps going, and going, and going, and going……going, and going, and going……

More examples of More examples of Conservation of MatterConservation of Matter

Rock cycleRock cycleWeathering/Erosion/Weathering/Erosion/

DepositionDepositionPlate tectonicsPlate tectonics