warm up (3 rd period)

Warm Up (3rd Period)

How might geographical features provide obstacles

(problems) for migrating west?

Warm Up (4th Period)Miss G has given you a work

sheet with fill-in-the-blank questions. Start reading and working on this work sheet

right away. You have until 1:00!

On your warm-up sheet, write “Farmers Tame the Frontier”

ReviewMinersRanchers & CowboysRailroad OwnersRailroad WorkersNative AmericansSettlersAfrican-Americans/ “Exodusters”Mormons

California Gold Rush1848: discovery of gold

◦Sutter’s MillSecret gets out!1849: 40,000 migrants from EastAnother 40,000 boarded

steamships for San Fran.

Oregon TrailTrail first used in 1836Began in Independence, MOOver 2100 miles!Through Rocky Mts. Extended to Oregon Country

Oregon TrailMost of people who travelled the

Oregon Trail were men◦Women rarely travelled alone

1840-1860: one estimate says 269,000 people travelled OT

Many die along trail◦~10%

Mormon TrailTrail began in Nauvoo, IL

◦Principle setting of Mormonism1846-1868Paralleled Oregon Trail for most of

the routeEnds in Salt Lake City, Utah

Mormon TrailLike Oregon Trail, had to travel in

certain months“Handcart pioneers”: 1856-1860

◦Handcarts instead of wagons◦Attract poor European immigrants

Chisholm Trail1867From San Antonio, TX to Abilene,

KS“Cow towns” = towns that would

spring up on rail lines$$$

Chisholm TrailEnded in 1880s when rail lines

reached cattle country

So what problems would migrants encounter on these trails?

What problems would they have once they settle?

TransportationCovered wagons

◦Many deaths due to wagon accidents!

HandcartsWalking!

Weather ConditionsRain storms/floodsHARSH WINTERS! Fires

LifestyleDifferent jobs availableSod homes/Soddies: a home built

of blocks of prairie turfOutdoor lifeReligious freedom (Mormons!)

Closer Describe in 20 words or less what

a soddy home might look and smell like.