visual dictionary day 2

Air Barrier PaperAn external membrane applied to sheathing which acts as a

weather barrier and helps to prevent water from entering the house

Soffit VentAn opening under the eave of a roof, used to allow air to flow into the attic or the space below the roof sheathing.

Ridge VentA long, open assembly that allows air to circulate in and out

of a gable roof at the ridge.

Gable VentA screened, louvered opening in a gable, used for

exhausting excess heat and humidity from an attic.

Roof TurbineExhausts moist, hot air from your attic and pulls in cooler

air from the outside.

BackhoeAn excavator whose shovel bucket is attached to a hinged boom and is drawn

backward to move the earth. It helps you to dig holes on the jobsite. 18” bucket width

Batter BoardsA temporary frame built just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks

that lie on the surface planes of the basement that will be built in the excavation.

Brick Arch 1Segmented arch

Brick Arch 2Gothic arch

Arch With a KeystoneRoman Arch with a keystone

CenteringTemporary formwork for an arch, dome, or vault.

Brick Bond 1Flemish Bond- stretcher, header, stretcher, header

Brick Bond 2Running bond- continuous row of stretchers with every

other row is offset ½ brick

Rowlocks

Headers

Soldiers

Stretcher Rowlocks

Sailor

Shiners

Brick Size 1Utility- 3 ½” W x 3 ½” H x 11 ½” L

Brick Size 2King – 3” x 2 5/8” x 9 5/8”

BulldozerA bulldozer is a crawler (caterpillar tracked tractor), equipped with a

substantial metal plate (known as a blade), used to push large quantities of soil, sand, rubble, etc., during construction work.

Brick Cladding

EIFS Cladding

Stone CladdingRandom Rubble

Wood Board Cladding

Wood Shakes CladdingWood Shake- small shingle split from a block of wood that

gives it a rough texture and uneven depthsWood Shingle- sawn shingle, more smoother and uniform;

also larger in size

Code Picture 1Code requirements- minimum opening of 5.7 square feet(5

feet if sill is less than 44” off FFE). Opening width 20” minimum , and opening height 24” minimum

Our Measurements- 7.04 sq feet and 20 “ above FFE

Control JointAn intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure.

Code Picture 2Code requirements- Riser height 7 ¾” maximum , tread

depth 10”nosing to nosing

Our measurements- 7 1/2 “ riser and 1’ tread

Isolation JointA pavement joint that allows relative movement in three directions

and avoids formation of cracks elsewhere in the concrete and through which all or part of the bonded reinforcement is interrupted.

CMU Pic 1A hardened block of concrete usually laid like regular

masonry brick. The hollow core allows the blocks to be filled with concrete which adds to the strength. CMU is more economical than cast concrete, and when properly

laid one course is equal to 3 courses of standard bricks. A typical CMU unit measures 8” x 8” x 16”

CMU Pic 24” CMU

CMU Pic 310” CMU

Split Face Block

Ribbed Block

Flush Door

Panel Door

Top Rail

Style

Panel

Lock Rail

Bottom Rail

TransomA small window directly above a door.

SidelightA tall, narrow window along-side a door.

Power Pole with a TransformerSteps down electricity from a few thousand volts to 110v/220v service which is useable for the house

transformer

Service HeadBrings the electricity into the actual meter and isolates that particular residence through an in-line fuse which prevents the house wiring from interfering with other structures on

the grid

Service Head

MeterMeasures how much electricity is being used

Meter

Service PanelThe point where electricity enters the home and is

distributed throughout to the home through individual circuits or to other panels

Service Panel

Duplex ReceptacleWhere power is accessed from the home

Anchor Bolt1.

Sill Plate2.

Floor Joist3.

Subflooring4.

Sole Plate5.

Stud6.

Top Plate7.

Unfinished Stringer8.

Ceiling Joist9.

Rafter10.

Roof Decking11.

Sheathing12.

Front End LoaderUsed for transporting piles of dirt or other materials at a

jobsite. Unlike a bulldozer it can scoop dirt off the ground and move it rather than just push it around.

Gypsum BoardAn interior finish that consists of a gypsum core between

two faces of paper

Compressor/EvaporatorCompresses the refrigerant gas which gives off heat, thus cooling the air as it flows across the cooler coils of the air

handling unit

~one advantage of the heat pump system is that it’s the most efficient way to heat and cool a home

Air Handling UnitForces the air through the system with the use of a blower

fan. Also has a heating unit which warms air as it goes through it before distributing it throughout the house

~one disadvantage of a heat pump system is that it is noisy and one must account for this in the placement of the

compressor unit

Insulation

The purpose of insulation is to regulate the flow of heat and sound in a building In the summer the insulation keeps cold air in

and hot air out In the winter it keeps hot air in and cold air

out

Batt/Blanket InsulationStrips or rolls of fiberglass insulation used to insulate walls

and cielings

Loose Fill InsulationLoose fiberglass or paper insulation blown into place

Foamed InsulationA mixture of chemicals that react and expand. It is spray

applied and is the best form of insulation to completely seal off penetrations

Rigid InsulationRigid insulation is insulation that is in the form of sheets used for exterior sheathing of walls as well as insulation

LintelA beam that carries the load of a wall over an opening such

as a window or door

Mortar Joint 1Concave Joint; tooled joint; 3/8” thick; it is used on a brick

clad building; Type N mortar

Mortar Joint 2Extruded; neither tooled nor troweled; 3/8” thick; used on a

brick clad house; Type N

Oriented Strand BoardA nonveneered panel made of strands of wood glued and

compressed together in several layers. Each layer is oriented a different way to increase strength

LavatoryUses 1 ½ inch diameter piping for drainage

Water ClosetUses a 3 inch diameter pipe to drain

Tub and Studs

Plumbing VentAllows the air to enter the plumbing system eliminating a

vacuum allowing water to drain from the pipes

Kitchen SinkUnder-mount sink

PlywoodMade by gluing thin veneers of wood together rotating each

layer 90 degrees. This provides greater strength and minimizes moisture movementVeneer- a thin layer or facing

Radiant BarrierRadiant barriers are typically installed on top of rafters or

under them to reflect radiant heat from the house

Rebar#4 (1/2” diameter)- the purpose of the deformations is to

help it bond to the concrete better and not slip out

GutterA channel that collects rainwater at the eave of a roof and

moves it to the downspout

Gutter

DownspoutA vertical pipe that directs the water from the gutter to a

lower level discharge point

Downspout

Splash BlockA precast concrete or plastic block used to dissipate the

water at ground level so the ground around it doesn’t erode

Roof UnderlaymentUnderlayment- layer of waterproof material such as

building felt between roof sheathing and roofing

Clay Tile Roof

Shingle RoofSlate Shingle Roof

Shingle- A small unit of water resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion with many other such units to render a

wall or sloping roof water tight.

Metal RoofTypical Materials Used: Galvanized or Aluminzed Steel

Gable Roof

Gambrel Roof

Hip Roof

Mansard Roof

Ridge The level intersection of two roof planes in a gable roof

ValleyA trough formed by the intersection of two roof slopes

EaveThe horizontal edge at the low side of a sloping roof

RakeThe sloping edge of a steep roof

SoffitThe undersurface of a horizontal element of a building,

especially the underside of a stair or roof overhang

FasciaThe exposed vertical shape of an eave

Roof With Fascia

Roof without FasciaHouse with exposed rafter tails

Stone

Random Rubble

Coursed Rubble

Random Ashlar

Coursed Ashlar

Vapor RetarderVapor Retarder- a layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through a building assembly. It is

placed on the warm in winter side

WaterproofingAn impervious membrane applied to the outside of a

foundation to keep water out of the foundation. This is a photo of liquid applied

Weep HoleSmall opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building componet or

assembly

Weep Hole

Welded Wire Fabric6” X 6” Grid

Window 1Single Hung Window

Only the bottom sash opens

Window 2Casement Window

The Window opens out from a side hinge

Window 3Jalousie

Small panels of glass are cranked open