visual aids a quick and dirty primer visual aids audience advantages –add clarity –indicate...
Post on 23-Dec-2015
214 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Visual Aids
A quick and dirty primer
Visual Aids
• Audience Advantages– Add clarity– Indicate what’s important– Reinforce key points– Increase interest– Reach different learning styles– Aid retention
Visual Aids
• Speaker Advantages– Show preparedness– Add credibility– Help reduce fright– Add confidence
Visual Aids
• Simple
• Large
• Clear
• Consistent
(An oil slick – get it?)
Visual Aids
• Not…
Visual Aids
Not Simple
Visual Aids• Visual Aids allow you to reach students of
different learning styles because it adds a visual element to your oral presentation. This is especially important because today’s students seem to be more visual than other generations.
• It helps reinforce the key information in your presentation and keeps student interest focused on the front of the room.
• It allows you to give students clear prompts for their assignments, especially in-class assignments. They can always look up to refocus their attention to the assigned task.
• Visual Aids can be used over and over again and can be electronically moved directly to a web site so that students can look at it again after class and as many times as they want.
• It serves as Ockham’s razor by helping you structure your thoughts.
• Not Simple
Visual Aids• Not Large
Visual Aids
Not Large
Visual Aids
Visual Aids
Not Clear
Visual Aids• Not Consistent
Visual AidsNot Consistent
Visual Aids
• Use me for hard copy (with serif)
• Use me for projection (sans serif)
Visual Aids
• If using text– in general
• Six words per line• Six lines per page
Visual Aids
• DON’T USE ALL CAPS…
– It’s easier to read this...
– …THAN THIS!
Visual Aids
• Color is important– Yellow– Brown– Green– Blue– Red – White
Visual Aids
• And so is intensity…– Green– Green– Green– Green– Green– Green
Visual Aids
A isworth
Visual Aids
Visual Aids
• But…
…don’t over do it!
Visual Aids
Visual Aids
• What about displaying data?
Visual Aids
• Graphs– Give life to data– Make data more interesting– Show trends, patterns, and relationships
Visual Aids
• The type of graph– Depends on the kind and amount of data– Depends on what story you want to tell
Visual Aids
• Constructing a graph– Requires using your whole brain (just like
mind mapping)
Visual Aids
– Aesthetic thinking is needed to:• Insure the visual look and feel is appropriate
– Analytical thinking is needed to:• Select the right graph type• Insure the graph is complete & accurate
Visual Aids
• Graph TypesMean Lake Michigan Water Level by
Decade, 1920 - 2000
175.95
176.17
176.30
176.40
176.08
176.69176.75
176.47
175.89
175.40
175.60
175.80
176.00
176.20
176.40
176.60
176.80
177.00
1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Me
ters
Ab
ov
e S
ea
Le
ve
l
Source: US Army Corps of Engineers http://www.lre.usace.army.mil/index.cfm?chn_ID=1383&lake_id=2
** through 2002
Value of Principal Vegetables for Fresh Market Five Top Producing States 1992 - 1997
$0
$1,000,000,000
$2,000,000,000
$3,000,000,000
$4,000,000,000
$5,000,000,000
$6,000,000,000
$7,000,000,000
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
New York
Arizona
Texas
Florida
California
Source: USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Serv icehttp://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/usda/reports/general/sb/b9460199.txt
901463
705891
433703400453
369293
308415255371
246481 245861244150
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
1,000,000
Ford F-Series
ToyotaCamry
HondaAccord
NissanAltima
ChevroletMalibu
Top-Selling Vehicles in the US 2005
Source: www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0883578.html
XIX Winter Olympic GamesTop Medal Winners
Salt Lake City, USA, February 2002
05
10152025303540
Germany UnitedStates
Norway Canada Russia
Gold
Silver
Bronze
Source: Fact Monster from Inform ation Pleasehttp://w w w .factm onster.com /ipka/A0900268.html
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Birth and Death Rates for the World's Wealthiest and Poorest Countries
2003 Death Rate (est.)
2003 Birth Rate (est.)
Wealthiest Countries Poorest Countries
Rateper1,000Pop.
Source: CIA World Factbookhttp://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html
What is the home page on your web browser?Thursday Lecture F2005
51%
5%2%
19%
23%
UVM Webpage
Yahoo
MSN
Other
Relationship between GDP & Electric Consumption for Calendar Year 2002
Selected Western European Countries
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Gross Domestic Product in Millions of US $(2002 est.)
An
nu
al E
lect
rici
ty C
on
sum
pti
on
in
Bill
ion
s o
f kW
h
Portugal
AustriaSwitze rland
Netherlands
Spain
Italy
United Kingdom
France
Germany
Source: The World Factbook http://cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html
Visual Aids
• Line Graphs– Shows changes in data over time
Visual AidsMean Lake Michigan Water Level by
Decade, 1920 - 2000
175.95
176.17
176.30
176.40
176.08
176.69176.75
176.47
175.89
175.40
175.60
175.80
176.00
176.20
176.40
176.60
176.80
177.00
1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Me
ters
Ab
ov
e S
ea
Le
ve
l
Source: US Army Corps of Engineers http://www.lre.usace.army.mil/index.cfm?chn_ID=1383&lake_id=2
** through 2002
Visual Aids
• Area Graph– Variation on basic line graph– Shows the contribution of a set of data to the
whole
Visual Aids
Value of Principal Vegetables for Fresh Market Five Top Producing States 1992 - 1997
$0
$1,000,000,000
$2,000,000,000
$3,000,000,000
$4,000,000,000
$5,000,000,000
$6,000,000,000
$7,000,000,000
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
New York
Arizona
Texas
Florida
California
Source: USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Serv icehttp://usda.mannlib.corne ll.edu/usda/reports/general/sb/b9460199.txt
Visual Aids
• Bar Graph– Each column represents a particular category
at one point in time– Compares related data– Almost always sorted
Visual Aids
901463
705891
433703400453
369293308415
255371 246481 245861 244150
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
1,000,000
Top-Selling Vehicles in the US 2005
Source: www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0883578.html
• Stacked Bar Graph– Variation of the bar graph– Shows contributions of sub-sections to the
whole– At given point of time
Visual AidsXIX Winter Olympic Games
Top Medal WinnersSalt Lake City, USA, February 2002
05
10152025303540
Germany UnitedStates
Norway Canada Russia
Gold
Silver
Bronze
Source: Fact Monster from Inform ation Pleasehttp://w w w .factm onster.com /ipka/A0900268.html
Visual Aids
• 3D Bar Graph– Another variation of the bar graph– Places one row of bars in front of another– Highlights comparisons– Again, at one given point in time
Visual Aids
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Birth and Death Rates for the World's Wealthiest and Poorest Countries
2003 Death Rate (est.)
2003 Birth Rate (est.)
Wealthiest Countries Poorest Countries
Rateper1,000Pop.
Source: CIA World Factbookhttp://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html
Visual Aids
• Pie Graph– Compares the components of a set to each
other– Shows percentage proportion of two or more
values to a meaningful whole
Visual Aids
What is the home page on your web browser?Thursday Lecture F2005
51%
5%2%
19%
23%
UVM Webpage
Yahoo
MSN
Other
Visual Aids
• X-Y Graph– Also called Scatterplots– Shows correlation or relationship between two
different sets of data– Data often have different scales of
measurement– Best fit line shows type and degree of
relationship
Visual AidsRelationship between GDP & Electric Consumption for Calendar Year 2002
Selected Western European Countries
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Gross Domestic Product in Millions of US $(2002 est.)
An
nu
al E
lect
rici
ty C
on
sum
pti
on
in
Bill
ion
s o
f kW
h
Portugal
AustriaSwitzerland
Netherlands
Spain
Italy
United Kingdom
France
Germany
Source: The World Factbook http://cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html
Animations
• “Appear” works well
• Allows focus on each point
• Avoids audience reading ahead
• But don’t get carried away
• That goes for sound as well
top related