verb patterns
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VVerb patternserb patterns
ObjectiveObjective: learn about : learn about gerunds and infinitivesgerunds and infinitives
Gerunds Gerunds and and
InfinitivesInfinitives
What What is ,,gerund“? is ,,gerund“?
How is gerund formed? How is gerund formed?
verb + verb + inging
= gerundijus= gerundijus
SmokingSmoking is not good for our health. is not good for our health.He enjoys He enjoys playing playing the violin.the violin.They are interested in They are interested in reading reading tabloids.tabloids.
subjectsubject
objectobject
after a after a prepositionpreposition
go + gerund
We often use this to describe activities such as shopping, fishing, skiing, swimming, and
camping.
Where did you use to go campingcamping when you were a kid?
HHow to form negative ow to form negative gerunds?gerunds?
use use not + gerundnot + gerund
Not speakingNot speaking English well is my biggest problem. English well is my biggest problem.
Verbs that take only Verbs that take only GerundsGerunds
• adoreadore• avoidavoid• can‘t standcan‘t stand• considerconsider• enjoyenjoy• finishfinish• hatehate
• preferprefer• riskrisk• suggestsuggest• likelike• lovelove• (not) mind(not) mind• give upgive up
+ ing + ing + ing + ing
We risked entering the contest.
How do you form an How do you form an infinitive?infinitive?
• I agreed I agreed toto havehave dinner with dinner with someone from my English class.someone from my English class.
• And he also wanted And he also wanted toto borrowborrow money from me for the check.money from me for the check.
to + base form of the verb
How do you make an infinitive negative?
not
not to have
not to borrow
Verbs that take Verbs that take infinitivesinfinitivesVerb + Verb + toto infinitivesinfinitives – – afford, agree, choose, decide,
expect, help, learn, manage, need, offer, promise, refuse, want, would like, would prefer, etc.
e.g. They agreedagreed to meet to meet at 6 p.m.Verb + Verb + objectobject + + toto infinitiveinfinitive – – advise, allow, beg,
expect, invite, need, order, tell, want, would like, would prefer, etc.
e.g. Jane advisedadvised her brother to follow her advice.VerbsVerbs + object + to infinitive + object + to infinitive – – help, let, make
e.g. Tom helpedhelped me do the project.My daddy letlet his son go to the disco.My brother mademade me do the dishes.
Some verbs can be followed by either Some verbs can be followed by either an infinitive or a gerund, but the an infinitive or a gerund, but the meaning is different.meaning is different.
She triedtried cooking this new dish.
(experimented = mėgino)
Firefighters triedtried to jack up the car and take off a wheel.
(did their best = stengėsi /dėjo visas pastangas)
Remember Forget Stop Try
She stoppedstopped smokingsmoking. ( finish / give up = metė, nustojo)
On his way home he stopped stopped to smoketo smoke.. (interrupt an activity to do smth =
sustojo, kad parūkytų)
Some verbs can be followed by either Some verbs can be followed by either an infinitive or a gerund, but the an infinitive or a gerund, but the meaning is different.meaning is different.
Remember Forget Stop Try
They forgotforgot buying bread.(a memory = pamiršo, kad jau nupirko)
They forgotforgot to buy bread.(smth you need to do = pamiršo nusipirkti)
Some verbs can be followed by either Some verbs can be followed by either an infinitive or a gerund, but the an infinitive or a gerund, but the meaning is different.meaning is different.Remember Forget Stop Try
She rememberedremembered reading the poem.(a memory = prisiminė, kad jau skaitė)
She rememberedremembered to read the poem.(smth you need to do =prisiminė, kad reikia perskaityti ir perskaitė)
Complete the Complete the sentences with the sentences with the correct form of the correct form of the
verbs.verbs.• I enjoy _______ Chinese food. (eat )• They suggested _____ a picnic by the river.
(have)• He promised _____his homework. (do) • She learned _____the piano last year. (play ) • We practiced _____ the ball into the goal.
(hit)• She wants ____ psychology when she’s
older. (study)• We decided ______ a movie on television.
(see)
eating
having
to do
to play
hitting
to study
to see
• Everyone loves ________ to parties. (go)• I want _______ a doctor. (become)• It began _______ . (rain) • I continued ______ in the library. (work)• We enjoy ______ to Italy for our holidays.(go)• I really dislike _________ in traffic. (wait)• I decided _________ to Egypt for vacation.(go)
• My friend told me ________ her at 8:00, but she wasn’t there. (meet)
• She couldn‘t help ______ . (laugh)
• I don‘t mind _______ the kitchen. (clean)
• He made his brother ______ the bin.(empty)
going
to become
raining
working
going
waiting
to go
to meet
laughing
cleaning
empty
Read this holiday advertisement. Use the verbs in brackets, in theRead this holiday advertisement. Use the verbs in brackets, in the correct form, to complete the information.correct form, to complete the information.
Have you decided where (1) ______ (go) on holiday this year?
We promise (2) _______ (help) you decide.Do you enjoy (3) ______ (cycle) in the countryside and (4) ______ (walk) in the mountains?
If you fancy (5) _______ (escape) from the crowds and (6) ________ (do) something different, and you don’t mind (7) ________ (share) your holidays with others, we offer (8) ________ (show) you the most fantastic places.
If you can’t afford (9) _________ (spend) a lot of money, don’t worry! We promise (10) ______ (beat) any price offered by our competitors.
We always aim (11) _______ (give) our clients the best possible holiday experience.Contact us on 01632 960893 for more information about our fantastic range of holidays. And you just need (12) _________ (mention) this advertisement to get an extra discount!
Have you decided where (1) to go (go) on holiday this year?We promise (2) to help (help) you decide.Do you enjoy (3) cycling (cycle) in the countryside and (4) walking (walk) in the mountains?
If you fancy (5) escaping (escape) from the crowds and (6) doing (do) something different, and you don’t mind (7) sharing (share) your holidays with others, we offer (8) to show (show) you the most fantastic places.
If you can’t afford (9) to spend (spend) a lot of money, don’t worry!
We promise (10) to beat (beat) any price offered by our competitors.
We always aim (11) to give (give) our clients the best possible holiday experience.Contact us on 01632 960893 for more information about our fantastic range of holidays. And you just need (12) to mention ( mention) this advertisement to get an extra discount!
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