urban land use model cbd (city centre) c19th housing and industry (inner city) early c20th housing...

URBAN LAND USE MODEL

CBD (city centre)

C19th housing and industry (Inner City)

Early C20th housing (Inner Suburbs)

Late C20th housing (Outer Suburbs)

THE CBD (Central Business District)

• The CBD of the town was the first place to be built.

• It is full of shops, offices, restaurants and banks.

• There are very few houses here.• Buildings in the CBD tend to be tall

because the land is expensive,

GLASGOW’S CBD

Buchanan Galleries

GLASGOW’S CBD

Central Station

GLASGOW’S CBD

The Italian Centre

THE INNER CITY

• This zone used to be full of large factories and rows of tenements or terraced houses built in the nineteenth century.

• Today many of the big factories have closed and the tenements have been modernised or replaced.

GLASGOW’S INNER CITY

Finnieston Crane – evidence of former ship building industries

GLASGOW’S INNER CITY

Modernised Tenements in Govan

GLASGOW’S INNER CITY

High rise flats were built to replace some of the old tenements that had been demolished

GLASGOW’S INNER CITY

New housing in the Gorbals

THE INNER SUBURBS

• This zone is made up of houses built in the 1920’s and 1930’s.

• Houses here tend to be detached or semi-detached and most have gardens.

GLASGOW’S INNER SUBURBS

Giffnock

GLASGOW’S INNER SUBURBS

Clarkston

THE OUTER SUBURBS

• This is the most recent zone to appear.

• This zone has many large, modern houses built after WW2. It also contains some council estates.

• Recently small, modern industries and large shopping centres have been built here because the land is cheaper and there is more open space.

GLASGOW’S OUTER SUBURBS

Newton Mearns

GREENBELT

• The Greenbelt is an area of countryside around towns and cities.

• It helps prevent towns and cities from growing too large and merging into one another.

• You often find small villages here.

GLASGOW’S GREENBELT

The Campsie Fells

LAND USE ZONES ON A MAP

GLASGOW

THE Central Business District

• Grid Iron street pattern

• Train & Bus stations

• Lots of churches• Tourist

Information• Routes converge

19th Century Industry & Housing

• Large, irregular shaped industrial buildings

• Close to river and railway

• Tenements nearby with grid iron pattern

• Little open space

The 20th C: The Inner Suburbs

• Curved, geometric street pattern with ovals and crescents

• More open space• Detached and semi

detached houses with gardens

The 20th C: The Outer Suburbs

• Edge of town location

• Irregular street pattern

• Lots of open space

Modern Industrial Estate

• Edge of town location

• Smaller buildings• Open space• Landscaping• Good road links

Using map evidence, describe the differences between these two areas.

4 marks

• Denniston has a grid iron street pattern, whereas Castlemilk has crescents

• Denniston is near the city centre but Castlemilk is on the outskirts

• Denniston has less open space than Castlemilk

• The housing in Denniston is likely to be c19 or tenements, Castlemilk is likely to be modern housing with gardens

Using map evidence, describe the differences between these two areas.

4 marks

EXTRA WORK

• On page 19 there are a selection of past paper to practice.

• Collect lined paper and complete the general question first.

• Then move on to do the Foundation or Credit questions

Aberdeen Mapwork

• Give 4-figure GR of CBD and give reasons for your choice.

• A group of students were asked to gather information about urban & industrial change in the field study area between GR 9406 to GR 8906. • Describe in detail the gathering techniques they might

use to complete such as assignment. Give reasons for using each technique.

• Describe and explain the differences between the 2 areas of Middleton Park (9211) and Kittybrewster (9207).

• Using map evidence explain the advantages & disadvantages of the site and situation of Aberdeen Airport (8712)

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General 2009

Q1c

Foundation 2007

Q1f

Describe the differences between the two urban environments of Nunthorpe and Linthorpe/Marton Grove 5 marks

What four features have been pointed out?What does this tell you about the area you are looking at?NOW DESCRIBE

Remember to use phrases such as unlike, similar to…

Describe the differences between the two residential areas of Coatbridge and Sunnyside. You must refer to map evidence.

4 marks

Credit 2009 Q5

• Look at Reference Diagram Q5.• Give reasons for the patterns of the land use shown in both the suburbs and the

Central Business District.

One mark for a simple point, two marks for a developed point.No marks for description. Mark 4:2, 3:3, 2:4

Possible answers include:-• There are more shops and offices in the CBD due to its greater accessibility• (1) as a result of there being stations located there (1) and • A class roads converging (1). • Land values are high in the CBD so only large shops and offices can afford the

rents (1). • There are hotels in the centre because they areclose to the stations (1). • There is much less open space in the CBD due to the high demand for land (1).• The residential land is mainly in the suburbs because land is cheaper there (1)

and the environment is more suitable with cleaner air and less noise (1). • There is industry in the suburbs because new industries are located at the

edge of cities for ease of access by road, avoiding the traffic congestion of the centre (2).

Credit 2008 Q5

• Look at Reference Diagram Q5A.• Explain in detail why there are different types of

houses in Zones 1 and 3.

• Reference Diagram Q5B: Statement• (b) Look at Reference Diagram Q5B.• What techniques could a group of Geography

students use to gather information• on changes in the Central Business District

(CBD)?• Give reasons for your chosen techniques. 5

AnswerOne mark for a valid point. Two marks for a developed point. 1 mark for description. For full marks both zones must be referred to. Possible answers might include: Zone 1 19th C In the inner city tenements/terraced housing was built to save space (1), because this zone is close to the CBD where land is expensive (1) this allowed high population densities (1), houses were close to industry because people had to walk to work (1), little open space or gardens as land was scarce (1). Zone 3 late 20th C Because it is on edge of town where land is cheaper there will be low housing density (1), houses are larger, detached or semi detached with back and front gardens and garages (1), newer housing so better planned layout with cul-de-sacs and crescents (1).

At least two techniques must be described. Maximum of three marks if no reasons are given or if reference is made to only one technique. Do not credit the same reason twice. Mark 2:3 or 3:2. Possible answers might include: Comparison of old and new photographs (1) these could be displayed side by side to highlight changes in land use (1) and differences in the amount of open space, building heights and street layouts (1). Photographs could be annotated to show changes (1). Looking at old and present day maps (1), saves the need for time consuming fieldwork and would show changes in land use (1) and differences in the amount of open space (1), services available then and now (1). Fieldwork in CBD could record building age, height and function (1), able to record present day land use (1), would be able to compare this with old records, photographs of area (1). In any of the above give credit for old materials obtained from library/planning offices. 5 ES