upgrading lagoons to remove: ammonia nitrification … lagoons to remove ammonia... · cold climate...

Upgrading Lagoons to Remove:

Ammonia – Nitrification &

Phosphorus

MWEA Specialty Conference – January 23, 2015 Friday - 11:00 to 11:30am

Todd Latchaw

Nelson Environmental Inc.

www.nelsonenvironmental.com

Choosing an appropriate WWTF

SIMPLE

COMPLEX

Facultative lagoon

Aerated Lagoon

Aerated Lagoon with TAN/TP Removal

Mechanical Plant

Membranes (MBR)

Meets all anticipated effluent requirements (TAN, BOD, TSS, TP, TN)

You do not have to go high-tech to meet stringent

effluent requirements

Cold climate nitrification facts

Stops at temperatures below 4°C in conventional

treatment

Full nitrification

requires temperatures

at 8-10 °C

“Nitrification precedes Total

Nitrogen removal”

Lagoon effluent in

Northern USA & Canada is

typically < 1oC for 3 to 5 months

Nitrification occurs once cBOD levels

are low

(Back end of a lagoon system)

Nutrient Removal

Phosphorus Total Nitrogen

Ammonia

BOD TSS

Aerated or Facultative

Lagoons

(BOD & TSS Removal)

SAGR

(Nitrification)

AN-SAGR /

Effluent

Recycle

(Denitrification)

Coagulation/

Filtration

(TP Removal)

Treatment Process

Terminology

NH3 NH4+ TAN

(Total Ammonia)

Ammonia NH3?

Ammonium NH4+?

Ratio determined By pH and

Temperature

NH4+

NH3

“Ammonium”

“Un-ionized Ammonia” Toxic

Why is removing ammonia important?

Ammonia toxicity relation to temperature & pH

Total (NH3 + NH4+)

10 mg/L

10 mg/L

10 mg/L

pH 7.8 7.8 8.8

Temperature 5°C 20°C 20°C

Un-ionized Ammonia

0.078 mg/L

0.22 mg/L

2.00 mg/L

Example – Lagoon System that reduce TAN down to 10 mg/L

To return to a level of NH3 0.078 mg/L Requires an effluent TAN level of 0.4 mg/L

2.9 times more toxic

25.6 times more toxic

Influent Aerated or Facultative Ponds

CBOD/TSS removal

Effluent

Continuous discharge lagoons with TAN & TP Removal

SAGR

Nitrification/BOD & TSS Polishing & Disinfection

Tertiary Filtration

TP removal

POST – LAGOON NITRIFICATION AND EFFLUENT POLISHING

What is a SAGR?

Fully aerated coarse gravel bed reactor.

Stable dense rock media which is not susceptible to temperature shock

Designed for cold water treatment (0.5°C)

The SAGR removes ammonia through nitrification and provides BOD/TSS polishing & disinfection

Submerged Attached Growth Reactor Primary

Feed Secondary Feed

Zone 1

Zone 2

Collection Chamber

SAGR Aerated Lagoon

Retention Time 25 days

SAGR Demonstration Site Steinbach, MB

Lagoon Influent BOD: 150 to 180 mg/L

Demo Site: Avg. Flow Rate: 10,500 – 13,200 GPD (municipal)

Steinbach, MB Data

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0 1

9-J

ul-

08

2-A

ug-

08

16

-Au

g-0

8

30

-Au

g-0

8

13

-Se

p-0

8

27

-Se

p-0

8

11

-Oct

-08

25

-Oct

-08

8-N

ov-

08

22

-No

v-0

8

6-D

ec-

08

20

-De

c-0

8

3-J

an-0

9

17

-Jan

-09

31

-Jan

-09

14

-Fe

b-0

9

28

-Fe

b-0

9

14

-Mar

-09

28

-Mar

-09

11

-Ap

r-0

9

25

-Ap

r-0

9

9-M

ay-0

9

23

-May

-09

6-J

un

-09

20

-Ju

n-0

9

4-J

ul-

09

18

-Ju

l-0

9

1-A

ug-

09

15

-Au

g-0

9

29

-Au

g-0

9

mg/L (°C)

SAGR Following Aerated Lagoon Treatment Cycle

SAGR Influent TAN SAGR Effluent TAN SAGR Influent cBOD5

SAGR Effluent cBOD5 Water Temperature

SAGR Performance Data

Parameters SAGR Influent Averages

(mg/L)

SAGR Effluent Averages

(mg/L)

Removal

cBOD 47 2.1 95.5%

TSS 30 1.3 95.7%

TAN 24.9 0.12 99.5%

TKN 32.5 1.8 94.5%

FC (cfu /100 ml) 253000 13.5 99.99%

Average water temperature (°C)

0.3 1.0

University of Manitoba Third Party Winter Operation Verification Data

(JANUARY 13 – APRIL 21, 2010)

Typical SAGR Applications Post Lagoon Nitrification Post Lagoon BOD/TSS

Airport De-icing Fluid Treatment Decentralized Treatment

Project Examples

SAGR projects

Steinbach (Demo), MB 0.010 MGD

Lloydminster (Demo), SK 0.017 MGD

Perth (Demo), ON 0.053 MGD

Blumenort (Demo), MB 0.016 MGD

Doaktown, NB 0.169 MGD

Dawson Creek, BC 1.058 MGD

Mentone, IN 0.120 MGD

Glencoe, ON 0.456 MGD

Long Plain FN, MB 0.264 MGD

Sylvan Lake, SD 0.045 MGD

Walker, IA 0.222 MGD

Lamar, MO 0.770 MGD

Shellbrook, SK 0.217 MGD

Balcarres, SK 0.085 MGD

Misipiwistik FN, MB 0.115 MGD

Greenbryre, SK 0.091 MGD

Kennard, IN 0.100 MGD

Guthrie School, ON 0.003 MGD

Kingsley, IA 0.300 MGD

Sundridge, ON 0.315 MGD

New London, IA 0.885 MGD

Colesburg, IA 0.241 MGD

Hull, IA 0.700 MGD

Buffalo, NY Airport* 1.216 MGD

Edmonton, AB Airport* 0.159 MGD

LI MacArthur Airport, NY* 0.144 MGD

Grand Rapids, MI Airport* 1.000 MGD

Completed Municipal SAGR Projects

Currently Under Construction

* Airport Glycol De-icing Treatment

Berne, IN 1.920 MGD

Completed Airport SAGR Projects

Mentone, Indiana

Facultative lagoon

Facultative lagoon

SAGR Beds for nitrification

Influent

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

TAN

(mg/

L)

(Total Ammonia)

WWTP Influent TAN SAGR Influent TAN SAGR Effluent TAN Limit

NPDES Permit Requirements: - cBOD5 = 25 mg/L - TSS = 70 mg/L -TAN = 9.6/10.4 mg/L (summer/winter) Design flow = 0.12 MGD (454 m3/day)

Mentone, Indiana Data

Mentone, Indiana

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

14-Aug-13 3-Oct-13 22-Nov-13 11-Jan-14 2-Mar-14 21-Apr-14 10-Jun-14 30-Jul-14 18-Sep-14 7-Nov-14 27-Dec-14

TAN

(m

g/L)

Mentone SAGR: Influent & Effluent TAN

WWTP Influent TAN SAGR Effluent TAN

Disk filter with alum addition for TP removal

SAGR for nitrification

Two (2) cell controlled discharge lagoon converted into a three (3) cell continuous discharge aerated

lagoon

Glencoe, Ontario

SAGR

Influent

Effluent

discharge

Alum

addition

Glencoe, Ontario

Disc Filter

Aerated

Lagoon

Glencoe, Ontario

0

2.5

5

7.5

10

12.5

15

17.5

20

22.5

25

27.5

30

TAN

(m

g/L)

& W

ate

r Te

mp

(°C

)

SAGR: Influent & Effluent TAN (2013-2014)

Influent SAGR TAN Effluent SAGR TAN Water Temperature

Permit Requirements: -TAN = 3 mg/L Design flow = 0.46 MGD

Glencoe, Ontario

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

TAN

(m

g/L)

Glencoe WWTP - Influent and Effluent TAN

4 Sample Moving Avg

Permit Requirements: - cBOD5 = 13.7 mg/L - TSS = 13.7 mg/L -TAN = 3 mg/L Design flow = 0.46 MGD (1746 m3/day)

Annual Step Feed

Lamar, MO (upgraded facility)

Single cell facultative lagoon

Two (2) SAGR beds for nitrification

Influent

Lamar, MO

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

TAN

(m

g/L)

Lamar SAGR®: Effluent TAN

Effluent TAN Missouri Proposed Limits

Lamar Effluent Requirements: - BOD = 10 mg/L

-TSS = 10 mg/L - TAN = 1/7 mg/L (summer/winter)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

TAN

(m

g/L)

Lamar SAGR: Influent and Effluent TAN

Effluent TAN Water Temperature (°C)

Effluent Requirements: - TAN = 1.3/2.8 mg/L (summer/winter)

Design Flow 2910 m3/Day (0.770 MGD)

Lamar, MO Data

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

TAN

mg/

L

Lamar, MO: SAGR Effluent TAN

Effluent SAGR TAN New Missouri DNR TAN Limits

Lamar, Missouri

Design Flow 2910 m3/Day (0.770 MGD)

Kennard, Indiana

Cell # 1 Partial Mix

Cell #2 Partial Mix

Cell #3 Partial Mix &

settling

Influent

Two (2) SAGR beds for nitrification

Kennard, Indiana

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

TAN

mg/

L

Kennard, IN: SAGR Influent & Effluent TAN

Raw Wastewater Effluent SAGR TAN

Berne, Indiana

Cell # 1 Aerated

(Partial Mix)

Cell # 2 Facultative Lagoon

Four (4) SAGR Beds For nitrification

Influent

Berne, Indiana

• Construction start-up in November 2014

TOTAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL

East Selkirk, MB Aerated lagoon with TP removal

Rapid mix tank for chemical dispersion and contact.

Slow mix tank for coagulation and flocculation.

Floc settles in cell 2

Disk Filter

The opTPhos Disk Filter is a user-friendly, small foot print, low backwash, high performance tertiary filter for both small and large flow applications.

The opTPhos Disk Filter removes suspended solids as small as 5 microns.

Sand Filter Process Diagram

Contact/Settling Tank

Lagoon Effluent Clean

Water

Reject Stream back to primary lagoon

Alum/ Ferric addition for TP

Carbon for TN

Sand bed

Sand cleaning chamber

Airlift pumps sand and removed solids to the top of the filter for cleaning

Alum In-house jar testing at 18°C

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Fin

al T

P C

on

c., m

g/L

Al to TP mole Ratio

Jar Testing: TP Removal vs. Al3+/TP mole ratio

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5a Trial 5b Trial 5c Trial 5d Trial 6 Trial 7 Trial 8 Trail 9a Trial 9b

Trial 1: 1 min RM, 30

min SM, 30 min settling

Trial 2: 1 min RM, 0

min SM, 30 min settling

Trial 3: 0 min RM, 30

min SM, 30 min settling

Trial 4: 1 min RM, 3

min SM, 30 min settling

Trial 5a: 1 min RM,

30 min SM, 0 min settling

Trial 5b: 1 min RM, 30 min SM, 5 min settling

Trial 5c: 1 min RM,

30 min SM, 15 min settling

Trial 5d: 1 min RM,

30 min SM, 120min settling

Trial 6: 1 min RM,

60 min SM, 30 min Settling

Trial 7: 4 min RM, 0

min SM, 30 min Settling

Trial 8: 4 min RM, 30

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Fin

al T

P C

on

c., m

g/L

Al to TP mole Ratio

Jar Testing: TP Removal vs. Al3+/TP mole ratio

Trial 10 Trial 11 Trial 12 Trial 13 Trial 17 Trial 18

Trial 10: 1 min RM, 30

min SM, 30 min settling

Trial 11: 0 min RM,

30min SM, 30 min settling

Trial 12: 1 min RM, 4

min SM, 30 min settling

Trial 13: 1 min RM, 0

min SM, 30 min settling

Trial 17: 4 min RM,

0min SM, 30 min Settling

Trial 18: 4 min RM,

30 min SM, 30 min Settling

Alum In-house jar testing at 0.5°C

SAGR process provides nitrification to

< 1mg/L ammonia at 100% design flow

Consistent BOD/TSS <5/10 mg/L

(lower with tertiary filtration)

Systems can handle significant variation in incoming water quality without upset

Phosphorus <1 mg/L

(or 0.3 mg/L if required)

ANSAGR TN removal to effluent levels <10 mg/l are being demonstrated

Your lagoons are likely paid for so use them

Conclusion

Questions?

www.nelsonenvironmental.com