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March 2015 Issue 267
www.iffo.n
et
1
IFFO NEWS
INDUSTRY NEWS
UPDATE
2 Editorial
Miami 2015 Members’ Meeting & IFFO/JCI Fishmeal and Fish Oil Forum
3 2015 Seafood Champion Award for Leadership presented to IFFO’s Andrew Jackson
IFFO Governance changes and training
4 Guest Columnist—Mark Griffin
5 Inside Codex: The Draft Standard for Fish oil
6 IFFO attends Sustainable Fisheries Partnership EU Fisheries Forum
7 IFFO’s new members LinkedIn Group
16 Calendar
7 Fish Oil Market to Reach US$1.7 Billion by 2018 due to Flourishing Aquaculture Industry in China
8 Revised Responsible Fishing Scheme standards given the green light
Industry guide to prevent pirate products
9 Essential forage fish have an identity crisis
Price increases outpace China fisheries volume growth
10 Sardine, anchovy and mackerel migrate north due to ocean warming
11 ENFEN February statement on El Niño
12 Alternatives and Innovation Section
13 News in Brief
CONTENTS
2
Social media is all around us and part of online daily life. Facebook and other sites started a revolution in sharing
information, sometimes a bit too much but usually in a helpful way. As an organisation, IFFO is always looking for
ways to improve our services to members and we have just launched an IFFO Members Group on LinkedIn, a more
business orientated platform than Facebook and needing less administrative support from our team. More details
are in the article later but we wanted to see if this group offered members a useful forum or platform to exchange
ideas, discuss matters of interest or ask for help. To get things started, I have posted some suggestions for debate
about the use of Land Animal Proteins in farmed animal feeds and how our industry should combat falling fishmeal
inclusion levels in feed. Please join in, post comments on existing discussions or start one of your own.
I was delighted to see our first applicant for the recently launched IFFO award for Leadership and Innovation. We have some outstanding
companies within our membership and I hope those with specific innovations or examples of leadership will come forward for the inaugural
award in Berlin.
Another award is the prestigious Seaweb Seafood Champion title, given to individuals who have excelled in one of four categories. After many
years of hard work launching the very successful IFFO Responsible Supply standard, it was fantastic to see our own Andy Jackson receive the
award for Leadership at the recent Seaweb Summit in New Orleans, USA. This was obviously a popular choice – as the news leaked out, my
Inbox was flooded with copies of messages of congratulation to Andy, confirming our view that this was well deserved and great recognition
for all the work Andy has put in.
Registrations are also flooding in for the Members Meeting in Miami (13th – 15th April). We are looking forward to discussion on the mid-year
fishing in Peru and, for those of us in the Northern Hemisphere, it will be great to have some Florida sunshine after a long winter. Hotel rooms
are limited so please don’t delay. We look forward to seeing you there.
Andrew Mallison, Director General
Miami 2015 Members’ Meeting & IFFO/JCI Fishmeal and Fish Oil Forum
As a reminder, the IFFO Members’ Meeting will take place in
Miami from 13-15 April. We currently have 63 members
registered from 12 countries. The programme follows the
same format as last year and includes market forums, a
workshop session and a buffet dinner, and allows time for
business and networking with other members of the IFFO
‘family’.
Visit www.iffoevents.com for more information on the
programme, venue or to register. Please note that the
deadline for registration with accommodation is Friday 13
March and therefore we would encourage you to register as
soon as possible. If you are interested in sponsoring the
Members’ Meeting please contact secretariat@iffo.net or
by telephone on +44 2030 539 195.
Before the Members’ Meeting, we will be holding the
second IFFO/JCI Fishmeal and Fish Oil Forum on 27th March
2015 at the China Hotel Marriott in Guangzhou City. With a
rich range of presentations planned, we are looking forward
to welcoming our members in China. There are now 170
delegates registered from 7 countries. To find out more and
to register visit: http://www.jcichina.com/company/jcizh/
EDITORIAL UPDATE
3
IFFO NEWS UPDATE
2015 Seafood Champion Award for Leadership presented to IFFO’s Andrew Jackson
IFFO is proud to announce that our Technical Director Dr Andrew Jackson was recently presented with the 2015 Seafood Champion Award for Leadership. Dr Jackson was one of four finalists in the Leadership category at the Seafood Champion Awards Ceremony, hosted at the SeaWeb Seafood Summit in New Orleans. Held to recognise individuals and companies for inspirational work
promoting seafood sustainability, the awards were presented before hundreds of the world’s leading voices on sustainable seafood at the SeaWeb Seafood Summit.
This year, for the first time, the Seafood Champion Awards honored excellence in four targeted categories: Leadership,
Innovation, Vision and Advocacy. The six winners were chosen from a group of sixteen finalists that represent the best of the best in sustainability from around the world. The
group of finalists hailed from Argentina, Canada, the United Kingdom, Indonesia, Japan, New Zealand, the Republic of the Maldives, Panama and the United States, covering five continents. They were selected from over 100 nominations from the fishing, aquaculture, seafood supply and distribution, retail, restaurant and food service sectors, as well as conservation and social non-profit organizations, academia and the media.
The 2015 Seafood Champion Award for Leadership was awarded to IFFO’s Dr Andrew Jackson for working with stakeholders toward creating a uniform standard and encouraging responsible production of fishmeal and fish oil, often used as feed in aquaculture. As a result of his efforts, 100+ fishmeal/fish oil production plants across nine countries are now independently certified to IFFO’s standard.
Upon receiving the award, Dr Jackson said “I am delighted to have been honoured with this award from Seaweb. It is very encouraging to myself and the team I have worked with over the years to have our efforts recognised in this way. Our work is far from over but this should give us the determination to continue our efforts.”
Andrew Jackson, Technical Director, IFFO
For more information about the 2015 Seafood Champion Awards visit: http://www.seafoodchampions.org/
IFFO Governance changes and training
IFFO is incorporated under UK law and must comply with the re-quirements for all UK limited companies. To ensure compliance with legal require-ments, most compa-nies employ a Compa-ny Secretary – Director General Andrew Malli-
son is the IFFO Company Secretary and attended a course at the Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators (ICSA) on company law and governance. ICSA is the char-tered membership and qualifying body for people working in governance, risk and compliance, including company sec-retaries and has been a centre of excellence on corporate governance for 120 years.
For a company with a multinational management board like IFFO, it is particularly important that the IFFO secretariat can advise and inform the directors and all members on compliance with UK company law.
The course covered the main legislation governing compa-nies, the documents that have to be periodically filed with the UK authorities, the role of a Company Secretary in ad-vising the board members and following the Articles of As-sociation, and how to prevent financial and custodial penal-ties for breaches of regulations. Around 30 other delegates from a wide range of organisations also attended, with a combination of lectures and worked examples used to demonstrate the principles of good governance. IFFO are now performing a governance review to ensure our sys-tems are up to date and that we are following best practice in this area.
Guest Columnist—Mark Griffin
The “sustainability” of fish meal and fish oil
Demand for omega-3 has increased during the last two
decades due to greater awareness of their health benefits
to both humans and animals. This has led to growing
pressure on the supply of omega-3 products, such as fish
and its byproducts. Unfortunately, increased demand and
limited supply have led to negative media coverage
directed at seafood production. This coverage includes
claims that the use of fish for meal and oil causes a
detrimental impact on the environment. In addition, some
of these claims state that there is a need for the feed
industry to transition to alternative, “sustainable” terrestrial
sources for omega-3s and proteins. However, the belief
that fish meal and oil sources are ‘unsustainable’, or at the
very least, “less sustainable” than terrestrial sources, is
often unsubstantiated and misguided.
In 2009, Canada’s Dalhousie University published a paper
assessing the environmental impact of ingredients used for
salmon farming. It demonstrated that the cumulative
energy use and greenhouse gas emissions generated in the
production of some fish meals and fish oils are less than
those generated in the production of common terrestrial
ingredients used in salmon diets. Further, terrestrial
ingredients most often rely on mono-cultures in which most
other flora and fauna are intentionally eradicated –
practices starkly contrasting purse seine fisheries with
minimal bycatch employed by much of our industry.
Therefore, responsibly-sourced fish meal and fish oil have a
smaller eco-footprint than many land-based ingredients
that have been substituted into carnivorous fish diets.
Fish used in the fish meal and fish oil industry are surplus to
the demand for direct-human consumption, or are left-
overs from the food market. Our industry adds value to this
otherwise unused raw material and provides a conduit to
get the nutrients from the ocean to the human food chain.
Approximately 90% of the world’s fish oil goes to fish feed
and direct human consumption – both are mechanisms of
delivering the ocean’s essential long chain omega-3s to
humans. The argument that fish would be more valuable
left in the sea ignores the enormous negative health effects
of withdrawing some 250,000 tonnes of long chain omega-
3s out of the food chain every year. I recommend you read
a special feature article newly published in Lipid Technology
(http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1002/
lite.201500006/), in which many fallacies of the anti-fish
meal and fish oil arguments are debunked.
While many alternatives to fish meal and
fish oil have been offered over the last
decade, few have met the same level of
quality or are available in sufficient
quantity. For example, current terrestrial
plant-based substitutes (i.e., rapeseed
oil) only provide shorter chain omega-3s
(ALA), which do not convert efficiently in
humans to the biologically-active long
chains - EPA, DPA and DHA.
Alternatives, such as algae, have
become increasingly popular in niche
markets, but their current level of production cannot begin
to supply the demand for both the animal and human
nutrition markets. Therefore, fish meal and fish oil is the
most common and practical way to provide long chain
omega-3s.
Our industry should be proud and united in telling our story
– namely, that responsibly-sourced fish meal and fish oil are
sustainable, economical and practical ingredients that
provide essential nutrients to humans. We must continue
to educate all stakeholders about the products we are
producing and highlight our industry’s contribution to a
healthy and sustainable world.
Sources:
Pelletier, N., Tyedmers, P., Sonesson, U., Scholz, A., Ziegler, F.,
Flysjo, A., Kruse, S., Cancino, B., and H. Silverman. Not all
salmon are created equal: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of
Global Salmon Farming Systems. School for Resource and
Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Suite 5010 6100
University Ave, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5. – American
Chemical Society. Environmental Science and Technology.
Volume 43 number 23, 2009. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/
pdf/10.1021/es9010114
Byelashov, Alex. Report: Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids in
Animal Nutrition. SupplySide Omega-3 Insights. November
2014.
Bibus, D.M. 2015. Long-chain omega-3 from low-trophic-level
fish provides value to farmed seafood. Lipid Technology.
March 2015, Vol. 27, No.3.
Note: Guest columnists are invited by IFFO to contribute
their thoughts on important developments in our industry.
Any views given in these columns do not always reflect the
views of IFFO. Please contact us if you are interested in
contributing a column (secretariat@iffo.net).
4
IFFO NEWS UPDATE
5
IFFO NEWS UPDATE
Inside Codex: The Draft Standard for Fish oil
Report by Dr Gretel Bescoby
I recently attended the Codex Committee for Fats and Oils
(CCFO) meeting held in Malaysia where the proposed Draft
Standard for Fish Oil was high on the agenda. Representa-
tives from roughly 35 countries as well as four International
Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs including IFFO)
were present.
The dealings kicked off with a meeting on the day I arrived
with a Member State country and an NGO to discuss our
views and garner support for their suggestions. I had to
defend IFFO’s views and also assure that we would not
oppose their proposals. The following day the meeting of the
physical Working Group (pWG) for the Draft Standard for
Fish Oil was held prior to the formal Codex plenary session.
The meeting was well attended and was chaired by the
representative from Switzerland, who had led the electronic
Working Group (eWG) that compiled the additional data
leading up to this meeting.
The working group began with an introduction and an
overview of the report by Switzerland, as well as the
recommendations of the eWG. The introduction was
followed by a section by section open discussion of the
revised Draft Standard for Fish Oil. Despite much anticipated
opposition, many sections of the Draft Standard were
accepted by the pWG. The main area of concern and
discussion was which oils should be included as “Named fish
oils” in the Description section along with their fatty acid
profiles in Table 1. The eWG had included anchovy, tuna and
cod liver oils as named oils based on their trade volumes and
significant number of fatty acid profile datasets. Additional
oils were suggested for inclusion as named fish oil, but to my
surprise despite the comments that IFFO submitted prior to
the meeting to motivate for the inclusion of menhaden oil, it
was not listed for possible inclusion. I raised my concern and
once again motivated to include menhaden oil as named oil
based on production volumes and the increasing use for
human consumption along with the significant number of
fatty acid profile datasets that had been submitted. The chair
agreed to provisionally include menhaden oil if I could
submit menhaden’s fatty acid ranges within an hour. After
some frenzied activity from my side I submitted the
requested data to Codex on time. However, the inclusion as
a possible named oil was the first hurdle and the next stage
would be at the formal Codex Fats and Oils plenary meeting
during the next few days.
Other named oils that were proposed to be included were
krill oil and salmon oil. The working group agreed to include
krill oil based on its high value but decided not to include
either farmed salmon oil or wild salmon oil at that instance
because the trade data submitted to the electronic working
group did not differentiate between farmed and wild salmon
oil. The decision was met with strong opposition by some
and after much debate during and after the working group it
was decided to include farmed and wild salmon if sufficient
fatty acid profile datasets for each are available. Concerted
efforts by the relevant participants provided the necessary
information and salmon (wild and farmed) got to be on the
provisional list.
The categories of devitaminized fish liver oil and extra low
oxidized fish oil were deleted mainly because it is traded in
low volumes. This led to the unexpected question by one
delegation which queried whether fish oil concentrates and
concentrated fish oil ethyl esters are traded in sufficient
quantities to justify the inclusion of these oils in the
standard. Once again prompt action was required by
interested parties to provide additional trade data volumes
of these oils to the plenary session of CCFO. Under the
Essential Composition and Quality Factors in section 3, it was
agreed to delete the criteria of oligomers and to maintain
the acid value and not to introduce further quality criteria.
The working group agreed that further time was needed to
provide information on food additives technologically
necessary in fish oils. The list of individual food additives
necessary will be discussed in the plenary session. Eventually
after roughly 4 hours of discussions the working group
agreed to the revised proposed draft Standard, which was to
to be considered by the CCFO at the plenary session.
In order to seal the deal for menhaden oil I needed to be
sure that other member countries would support its
inclusion at the plenary meeting. After discreet discussions
with the US delegates and various other countries I felt
quietly confident that the addition of menhaden oil would be
successful unless there were unexpected objections. The
IFFO attends Sustainable Fisheries Partnership EU Fisheries Forum
Director General Andrew Mallison and Head of Standards
Francisco Aldon attended the Sustainable Fisheries
Partnership EU Fisheries Forum in Madrid (25-26th
February) to participate in a panel discussion on sustainable
aquaculture feeds. IFFO also had an exhibit next to the
main conference room, displaying information on IFFO and
also the Responsible Supply (RS) standard.
The event is popular with European retailers and delegates
included representatives from Aldi, Carrefour, El Corte
Ingles, Morrisons, Tesco and Sainsbury. Other major food
companies present included McDonalds, Nestle Purina and
Frinsa.
The main focus was on the various Fishery Improvement
Programs around the globe and the increasing number of
Aquaculture Improvement Programs – all designed to help
fisheries and fish farms that currently do not meet
environmental standards achieve certification. The IFFO RS
standard is being used as the target for programs in
Vietnam and Thailand and further projects are being
considered. IFFO also has its own Improver Program for
fishmeal and fish oil factories seeking certification.
As well as the panel on Sustainable Feeds, another panel on
Social Standards attracted a lot of attention, demonstrating
how concerned most seafood buyers are about the reports
of slavery and human rights abuses in the sector. One
important development was the launch of a new video
giving a simplified explanation of best practice on board
fishing vessels, reflecting the recommendations of the
International Labour Organisation Work in Fishing
Convention no. 188. Produced by the UK Seafish Industry
Authority to promote their Responsible Fishing Scheme, it is
available on Youtube at https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=sqiapk3mlqw and also on the IFFO website. IFFO
members involved in fishing are recommended to view the
video and assess their conformance with these
recommendations.
discussion on the Standard for Fish Oil at the plenary
meeting was once again kicked off by an introduction by
the delegation of Switzerland on the report of the physical
Working Group detailing the area for further discussion or
of disagreement. The draft Standard was considered by the
Committee and amongst many other minor details that can
be seen in the CCFO 24 report the Committee agreed to
include Salmon oil (wild and farmed) as “Named fish oils”.
Menhaden Oil was mentioned but without further
discussion or objections it sailed through and is now part of
the Codex Standard as one of the “Named fish oils”.
A concern was raised by the Delegation of Chile that the
data presented for anchovy oil might not be representative
of the oil produced in Chile, which accounts for the 30% of
the global production, and needs to be confirmed by
official Chilean sources.
I also realised that this is a Standard for trade purposes
which is not necessarily based on scientific information.
One of the Member States initially requested Maximum
Levels for tocopherols of 12,000 mg/kg but later reduced
this to 6,000 mg/kg as that is what their traders currently
use. I raised my concern that it is well documented that
such high tocopherols levels in fact act as pro-oxidants,
especially in highly polyunsaturated oils such as fish oils,
but unfortunately my concern was not considered and the
Maximum Level for tocopherols was set at 6,000 mg/kg.
With much relief felt by
all, the Committee agreed
to forward the Proposed
Draft Standard for Fish
Oils to the Codex
Alimentarius Commission
meeting to be held in July
for adoption at Step 5 (out
of 8) with some provisions
and the need for
additional data.
The full CCFO24 report can be downloaded here. Please
note the paragraphs relevant to the Draft Standard for Fish
Oil are numbered 18 – 48 and the draft Standard for Fish
Oil can be found in Annex III.
The Committee requested additional information and
comments with regards to the following:
Additional information on the fatty acids profiles of
anchovy and krill oils and proposals for alternative texts
in Section 7.3 “Other Labelling Requirements” of the
proposed draft Standard for Fish Oils (please see
paragraph 44 in the report and Annex III for the Draft
Standard for Fish Oil).
Please submit any comments to us at secretariat@iffo.net
and we collate the comments and submit them before the
deadline of 30th June 2016.
6
IFFO NEWS UPDATE
7
UPDATE
IFFO NEWS
IFFO’s new members LinkedIn Group
We recently launched a new LinkedIn group for IFFO members to share and discuss the latest news, develop-ments and trends in our indus-try. The group is called ‘IFFO – The Marine Ingredients Organisation’ and
has IFFO staff as members so that you can address any questions to us as well. Through this group we will also keep you updated on any news and reports, which are already being sent to you by email.
After a week, the group already has over 30 members with two discussion topics posted. We look forward to this group becoming sharing hub for members and welcome any feedback to ensure it is of use to your companies.
Please note that you will need to be a member of LinkedIn to access this group, for more information visit: https://www.linkedin.com/reg/join. This group is for IFFO members only and we ask that participants do not publish any confidential information or prices, or forward any information posted to non-members.
INDUSTRY NEWS
Fish Oil Market to Reach US$1.7 Billion by 2018 due to Flourishing Aquaculture Industry in China
The global fish oil market including the manufacture and sale of fish oil obtained from fishing as well as aquaculture, holds modest growth prospects in the future years, states a new report published by Transparency Market Research. The report is titled “Global Fish Oil Market - Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and
Forecast, 2012 - 2018”.
The report states that the global market for fish oil will grow from US$1.1 billion in 2011 to US$1.7 billion by 2018, registering a CAGR of 5.05% between 2012 and 2018. The report states that the global fish oil market sold approximately 1,035 kilo ton of fish oil in 2011, a value that is expected to rise to 1,130 kilo ton by 2018, increasing at a CAGR of nearly 1.22% over the forecast period.
The report states that globally rising awareness about the importance of omega-3 fatty acids - of which fish oil is a primary source - for several purposes in the human body, is an important driver of the global market for fish oil. As the daily dietary intake of omega-3 increases across the globe, the demand for fish oil will also increase. However, the market is limited to a certain extent due to the static or reduced global production of fish oil in the past years.
The report segments the global fish oil market into chief application areas for fish oil, varieties of fish oil according to different species of fishes, and key regional markets.
The segment of application areas includes aquaculture, direct human consumption, and hydrogenated and
industrial purposes. The market segment of fish species is comprised of marine fish, salmon and trout, tilapias, carps, herrings, mackerels, and eels.
The report states that the application segment of aquaculture, where fish oil is used in fish feed, accounted for over 75% share of the global demand for fish oil in 2011. Most of the global consumption of fish oil is from trout and salmon fish farms in Peru and Chile. The segment of direct human consumption of fish oil appears as a distant second in the overall fish oil market. However, direct human consumption of fish oil has increased at a robust pace in the past few years due to the rising awareness about the importance of omega-3 fatty acids for a healthy body.
Countries such as Denmark, Chile, and Peru are the leading producers of fish oil, collectively accounting for a more than 50% share of the market. In terms of consumption, the European region ranks at the topmost position primarily due to the presence of trout and salmon farming in large numbers in the region. Rising demand for omega-3 fatty acids to be included as a part of a regular diet has further augmented demands for fish oil in the European market. The market for fish oil has also increased at a rapid rate in the Asia-Pacific region over the past few years, especially from China due to the flourishing aquaculture industry in the country.
Browse the full Global Fish Oil Market for Aquaculture, Direct Human Consumption, Hydrogenation and Industrial Applications - Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2012 - 2018 report at http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/fish-oil.html
Source: Transparencymarketresearch.com
Industry guide to prevent pirate products
A new industry guide has been issued to help ensure illegal fish, or ‘pirate’ products, is kept out of UK supply chains. The guide was issued by the British Retail Consortium (BRC), Environmental Justice Foundation (EJF) and WWF-UK to inform UK industry, retailers and brands of the risks associated with Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing. “We urgently need transparency and traceability in the seafood supply chain, and to secure better governance that ensures the protection of our global seas and oceans. The technology and management instruments now exist to do this and, crucially, they are economically feasible,” said Steve Trent, executive director, EJF.
IUU fishing involves methods and practices that violate fisheries laws, regulations or conservation and management measures. Activities can include fishing in restricted areas or during closed seasons, targeting protected or unregulated fish species, using banned fishing methods and fishing without a licence. According to the guide, it’s a method that equates to a global annual cost of as much as US$23.5bn. In addition, the guide says there is often also a strong link between IUU fishing activities and human rights abuses on board fishing vessels.
BRC, EJF and WWF-UK say they now want to promote greater understanding and transparency to support global initiatives and policy developments that would further reduce risk of IUU products entering the UK. As a result, eight key recommendations have been made, including increased transparency and traceability of fish supplies, all large fishing vessels to have a unique identification to enable satellite tracking, improve port controls to prevent influx of ‘pirate’ fish supply and the EU to centrally coordinate a database of fish catches. “What is needed now is the full engagement of the corporate sector, alongside government and other key stakeholders. In taking these actions it is valuable to recall that pirate fishing vessels are devastating fish stocks and all too often stealing from some of the poorest people on our planet,” added Mr Trent.
Source: Worldfishing.net
8
INDUSTRY NEWS UPDATE
New standards underpinning the Seafish Responsible Fishing Scheme (RFS) have been unanimously signed off by the RFS Oversight Board, widening the scope of the scheme to include social responsibility requirements. RFS, which was developed by Seafish in 2006, has been fully updated to improve its ability to meet the increasing need for the seafood supply chain to ensure responsible practice and traceability from sea to plate. The revised scheme will now include five core principles: Safety, health and welfare; Training and professional development; The Vessel and its mission; Treating fish as food and Care for the environment. Each vessel and crew will be expected to meet the requirements of either the Multiple Crewed or Singled Handed RFS standards. A range of Compliance Support Guides support the standards to outline exactly what is required to achieve the certification. The scheme's independent certification body Food Certification International Ltd (FCI) will be carrying out pilot RFS audits on vessels over the next few months, with a view to the first vessels being certified to the new standards during summer 2015. Once the new audit process is finalised FCI will formalise the application for the RFS scheme to be audited by UKAS for ISO17065 accreditation. This will ensure all vessel audits
carried out by FCI conform to these specified certification standards.
The RFS Oversight Board includes members from the catching, processing, wholesale, food service and retail sectors as well as representatives from environmental and safety and welfare groups. The standards have been modified with feedback following a 60 day public consultation. In addition to the vessel based standards Seafish is planning a Chain of Custody standard to ensure traceability throughout the whole supply chain. Helen Duggan, Head of Responsible Sourcing at Seafish, said: "Getting the standards signed off by the Oversight Board is a huge step forward to ensure we re-launch a scheme that supports a socially responsible seafood industry. For the first time, we can certify vessels which are demonstrating best practice in crew welfare and catching so seafood buyers can be confident that they are sourcing responsibly harvested products." The new standards are available to view on the Seafish website with Compliance Support Guides and Vessel Application packs available soon.
Source: Seafish.org
Revised Responsible Fishing Scheme standards given the green light
9
INDUSTRY NEWS UPDATE
A lively discussion about fishmeal and fish oil — longtime afterthoughts now at the forefront of seafood sustainability — at the SeaWeb Seafood Summit on Wednesday started with the salient question: What exactly is a forage fish?
Dr. Konstantine Rountos, senior postdoctoral associate at the Institute for Ocean Conservation
Science, said that from a scientific perspective, there is no distinct definition of what a forage fish is. Small, schooling pelagic fish like anchovies and menhaden fit the bill. But do squid? Some say yes, others say no, he said.
“One thing that is consistent, is that they play an important and critical role in transferring energy from plankton to predators,” he said, adding that 25% of the global fish catch is forage fish for fishmeal and fish oil. “But humans are breaking the evolutionary defence strategy of these species; we have succeeded in getting rid of their strategy that has made them persist.”
The vast majority of global fishmeal and fish oil supplies are going to aquaculture and livestock production, said Dr Andrew Jackson, technical director of IFFO, The Marine Ingredients Organization. Annual production of fishmeal globally sits at 5 million metric tons (MT), with 1 million MT of fish oil. Of that total, 3.2 million MT goes to aquaculture (up from 2.5 million MT in 2000) with 1.3 million MT being fed to pigs.
“Fishmeal has been pretty constant, but yet there’s a huge growing demand for it. The price was for a long time steady at USD 500 a ton, now it’s USD 2000 a ton,” said Jackson. “We must manage these stocks properly. We’re not going to argue on the need to do that, but fundamentally, instead of ‘mining’ them, if we ‘crop’ them, and use them as a
fundamental for human nutrition and agriculture, as an industry we should survive.”
The omega-3 fatty acids in fishmeal and fish oil are essential for farmed animals, particularly at their juvenile stages, he said. And that goes for fish raised in hatcheries released into the wild, such as a large chunk of Alaska’s wild salmon fishery. “If the fishmeal industry collapsed, so would a large part of Alaska’s wild salmon industry,” he said.
An encouraging development for the global seafood industry’s long-term prospects has been reformulating fish feed to reduce the dependency on forage fish stocks. Salmon feed used to have 40 percent fishmeal, said Jackson, but are now between 10% and 12%. In the near future, that figure could be as low as 5%. “A little bit goes a long way,” he said.
Naturally, the question of whether humans should eat forage fish directly was raised. Barton Seaver, chef, author and director of the Healthy and Sustainable Food Program at the Harvard School of Public Health, spoke on the cultural aspects and attitudes toward forage fish.
“They are part and parcel of our social fabric, and in the United States, a sad tale. All the sardine canneries in Maine are closed and the current forage fisheries participants, at least in this country, they’re rather divorced from the food system; 100% of herring goes to the lobster bait fishery. It could be part of the human diet, but they’re not concerned with it. They’re not able to dictate how their product is used. They don’t think of themselves as food producers.”
Jackson added that anchovy producers in Chile and Peru are canning more and more of their product but have difficulty in finding a market for it. “They would love to sell more canned fish. If the Peruvians could get the price that Scots get for mackerel they’d close their fishmeal plants like that. But there’s only so many anchovies you can eat on your pizzas and Caesar salads.”
Source: Seafoodsource.com
Essential forage fish have an identity crisis
Price increases outpace China fisheries volume growth
Prices appear to have grown much faster than volume in China’s 2014 seafood production. China’s output of seafood totalled 53.7 million metric tons (MT) in the first 11 months of last year — up 2.4% year-on-year. Output from aquaculture outpaced the overall growth rate: up 4.4% to 40.06 million MT, according to the agricultural
ministry in Beijing, which has released the data at its
traditional annual teleconference on the fisheries sector.
Output in value terms in the first three quarters of 2014 was worth CNY 577.3 billion (USD 93.41 billion; EUR 83.71 billion), up 8.9% on the previous year. While the ministry curiously didn’t release full-year data, product with “added value” (such as processed products) at CNY 349.5 billion in the first three quarters was up 9.2% year-on-year.
The total production from China’s fisheries sector meanwhile at 13.71 million MT was down 3.2% year on
10
INDUSTRY NEWS UPDATE
The continuous increase in water temperature is altering the structure and function of marine ecosystems worldwide. In the North Atlantic Sea, the effect is even greater, since the average temperature increased up to 1.3°C over the last 30 years. The warming of ocean water is causing the appearance of fish species, peculiar to the Iberian Coast, in theoretically colder latitudes, as in waters close to Norway, the North or the Baltic Sea.
In early September, experts from the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) said they had detected a spike in recruitment of hake near Norway, where its presence was testimonial before. Now a research, which has analyzed 57,000 fish census for 40 years, has just revealed that the warming of ocean water causes pelagic species such as sardines, anchovies, mackerel (or xarda) and horse mackerel to migrate to northern latitudes, as the North Sea or the Baltic Sea.
Until now, researchers had not been able to test whether the observed changes in the physiology of these species were the result of variations in plankton communities, their main prey - which global warming have changed their distribution and abundance - or whether they were direct consequence of the rise in water temperature.
The new study, published in Global Change Biology, highlights the importance of the second hypothesis as ultimately responsible for catch sub-tropicalization in the North and the Baltic Seas. This explanation is because
sardines and anchovies have been caught "even entering the Baltic Sea," where herring and sprat are moving back, Ignasi Montero-Serra, researcher in the Department of Ecology at the University of Barcelona and study’s lead author, said to SINC scientific news agency. The research, which is the first to be conducted at broader spatial and temporal scale, makes it possible to understand the dynamics of these species in relation to the rapid warming of the oceans that has been occurring since the 80s.
The results reveal that sardines and other fish - which have rapid life cycles, planktonic larval phase and low habitat dependence - are highly vulnerable to changes in ocean temperature, and therefore represent "an outstanding biomarker for measuring the direction and rate of climate change expected in the near future,” Montero-Serra explained. These pelagic species, besides having a high commercial value, play an important role in marine ecosystems and, according to the researchers, changes in this important ecological group “will impact on the structure and functioning of the entire ecosystem."
Source: FIS
Sardine, anchovy and mackerel migrate north due to ocean warming
year. But there was a bumper haul from what’s termed “offshore fishing,” as ocean fisheries production increased 40% to 1.9 million MT.
China has 2,470 vessels at sea, an increase of 311 vessels, “of which 285 are new boats,” according to the transcript of the teleconference presentation by Niu Dun, vice minister for agriculture who has responsibility for fisheries. Niu and director of the ministry fisheries directorate, Zhaoxing Wu, discussed the data with top fisheries officials nationwide.
China’s seafood trade data for 2014 looks similar in growth terms to last year. Exports of 3.73 million MT were worth USD 19.53 billion (EUR 17.59 billion), an increase of 4.8% and 7.3%, respectively. Imports totaled 3.92 million MT worth USD 8.36 billion (EUR 7.4 billion), an increase of 1.5% and 5.1%, respectively. In the first 11 months of 2014 China booked a trade surplus of USD 11.16 billion (EUR 9.88 billion) in seafood products, up 9% year-on-year.
The latest figures show growth levels flat with 2013 levels:
In the first 11 months of 2013 China recorded exports of 3.56 million tons worth USD 18.19 billion, up 4.3% and 7.4% respectively, for a trade surplus of USD 10.24 billion (an increase of 5.7% year on year).
Meanwhile, there’s a sign that wage and income growth has been easing in China: the average per capita income of Chinese fishermen reached CNY 14,426 (USD 2,344; EUR 2,066), up 10.6% on 2013 when the average income was CNY 13,039 (USD 2,108; EUR 1,866), a climb of 15.84% on 2012 figures. Central government subsidies to the sector have included fuel subsidies and a housing subsidy for fishermen in key freshwater and sea fishing provinces including Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui.
Source: Seafoodsource.com
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INDUSTRY NEWS UPDATE
ENFEN February statement on El Niño
NEUTRAL CONDITIONS EXPECTED ALONG THE
PERUVIAN COAST FOR SUMMER 2015
(5 February 2015) The Committee
responsible for the national study of
the El Niño phenomenon (ENFEN) met
to analyze and update the information
regarding the meteorological,
oceanographic, biological-fishing and
hydrological conditions for the month
of January.
Along the length of the Peruvian coast
there was a general continuation of
the neutral sea surface temperatures,
air temperature and average sea
level. The El Niño Coastal Index (region Niño 1+2) for the
months of November, December 2014 and January 2015
remained in the neutral range. During the month of March
the arrival of a weak, warm Kelvin wave is anticipated which
is not expected to produce significant ambient variations
along the Peruvian coast.
Throughout the month of January, the South Pacific
Anticyclone (APS) presented an anomaly of up to +5 hPa at
its nucleus, with a southern
configuration to the south of its
normal position. During the first
of the month, the approach of
the APS towards the
Southamerican coast caused the
intensification of the south-
westerly wind and coastal
upwelling. Therefore, in the last
week of the month, its
southwest displacement resulted
in a weakening of the coastal
wind along the Peruvian coast.
The sea surface temperature off
the coast of the Peru remained
around its normal value with
slightly negative anomalies
despite de arrival of the
anticipated Kelvin wave1. Nevertheless, during the last days
of the month, a rise in temperature was observed in waters
just off the coast, associated with the approximation of the
subtropical surface waters (ASS), as a consequence of the
weakening of the winds, mainly along the central and
southern Peruvian coasts. In the same way, the air
temperature and the average sea level registered
approximately normal values.
Landings of anchovy from the artisanal fisheries were
registered in Chimbote, Callao, Pisco, with mainly adults.
However, in the cruise in the southern region between the
coast and 50 nautical miles (nm), the anchovy was
distributed within the 10 nm as a result of the approxima-
tion of the ASS.
The El Niño Coastal Index (ICEN), the monitoring of which is
carried out in the region Niño 1+2, indicated a value of 0.35°
C for the month of December, remaining within the neutral
range as in the previous month. The hydrological conditions
of the rivers along the northern coast have been
characterized by remaining within normal values during the
month of January. On the other hand, in the last week of
January, rainfall in the high ground of the southern sierra
has favoured an increase in the available volume of the
reservoirs, although some are still deficient. The main
reservoirs on the northern coast registered 45% of capacity
and the southern coast 30%.
OUTLOOK
In the equatorial Pacific Ocean, the propagation of a new
warm Kelvin wave has been observed, which is expected
during the month of March. However, due to its current
intensity, it is not expected to have a significant impact on
the Peruvian coast. During what remains of the summer, off
the coast of the Peru it is expected that sea surface
temperature, air temperature and average sea levels, will
present generally normal conditions.
For the next two months, in the region Niño 1+2, the global
numerical models indicate neutral conditions. Meanwhile,
for the region Niño 3.4, there are signs of weak warm
conditions. It is expected that for the month of February
water levels will continue to increase due to seasonal
reasons. However, it still cannot be ruled out that the warm
conditions in the central Pacific Ocean will cause, on
average, poor rainfall in the South-western slope of the
Andes over the next two months.
The ENFEN multi-sectorial committee, according to the
analysis of the current conditions and the results of global
numerical models, foresees neutral conditions in the region
Nino 1 + 2 for the next two months. The ENFEN Committee
will continue monitoring and reporting on the evolution of
the current conditions.
12
UPDATE
source of protein for aqua feed and animal feeds. Harinder Makkar, livestock production officer at the FAO has been looking into the possibilities of using non-toxic Jatropha kernel meal in animal and fish diets. The animal feed industry is growing at a rapid pace, and production is switching to intensively managed high-input systems. The main input in any livestock production system is feed, and demand for feed for aquatic organisms is expected to nearly triple by the end of the decade.
For fish and shrimp feeds, the most pressing need is to find alternative protein sources. Several studies performed on partial replacement of protein sources, especially fishmeal, by detoxified J.- curcas kernel meal (DJKM), heated J.- platyphyllakernel meal (H-JPKM) and detoxified jatropha protein isolate (DJPI) in fish and shrimp diets are presented in the study.
The most commonly used source of supplemental protein
in diets for non-ruminants is (soybean meal) SBM because of its excellent amino acid profile and dependable supply. In a typical pig diet, soybean supplies about 50% of the protein and amino acids and about 25% of the metabolizable energy. Wang et al. (2011) investigated the effects of replacing SBM by detoxified J.- curcas kernel meal (DJKM) in the diet of the growing pig. The result showed that incorporating detoxified Jatropha kernel meal had no ill effects on health and could replace 50% soymeal protein in diets of growing pigs.
Source: AllAboutFeed.net
ALTERNATIVES AND INNOVATION
Jatropha kernel meal a viable protein source
The first commercial fly farm in the world will begin operations in South Africa, as part of a project to produce sustainable feed for fish and chicken from fly larvae. AgriProtein, a South African farming company, proposes a double advantage with its so-called MagMeal product: It can replace costly fishmeal by a sustainable, natural source of protein for farmed animals as well as eliminate garbage.
The plant can house more than 8 billion flies and produce 22 tonnes of larvae every day. The company has an agreement with Cape Town’s waste disposal agency, helping them to deal with the garbage of a city of four million inhabitants.
The company, which received funds from Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, has raised USD 11million to build its first two commercial farms, which will each house 8.5 billion flies. These facilities will be the first in a series of 40 such farms to be developed. The business is also supported by private companies such as Australia’s Twynam Group, Germany’s s.Oliver group, Business Insider reported. Although AgriProtein has South African approval, it is still banned in Europe due to a regulation prohibiting the feeding of livestock with processed meat, and MagMeal falls into this category.
Source: FIS.com
World’ largest fly farm producing fish feed to be launched
Bioaccumulation of metals, mainly Cadmium, is one of the main risks when insects are used for animal feed. Mycotoxins in the larvae tested don’t seem to be a direct problem. This was shown by research done by a consortium of partners, published in the Insects as Food and Feed Journal.
The researchers analysed nine samples of larvae for over 1.000 of the chemical risks that are routinely monitored to ensure the safety of animal feed (and also food). The larvae were raised in UK, China, Mali and Ghana.
It was shown that a significant and recurring risk is the potential bioaccumulation of metals in insects and in
particular Cadmium. It was found in all samples, but extremely high levels were found in three samples of the Musca domestica (house fly) larvae. The researchers address that further studies are required to determine the source of Cadmium and if this heavy metal in the insects can be transferred from the insect meal in the feed to farm animals.
Source: AllAboutFeed.net
Cadmium is a risk when insects are used in feed
13
EWOS invests USD 9.5 million in a
new research centre named EWOS Fish Health Centre. The centre will be located in the Los Lagos region of Chile. Construction begins today. “Food is important for health – this is the case for fish as well. Feed is a key
part of the solution to improving fish health. Through research and innovation, we will offer our customers the best health feed products that can possibly be made,” commented EWOS CEO Einar Wathne. The Board of EWOS Group has decided to invest over 80 million kroner in a new EWOS Fish Health Centre. The unit will be located in the Los Lagos region of Chile. Building permits and other necessary licenses are in place, and EWOS will start construction today February 23rd. Source: EWOS
Croda had launched two new flavours
of Incromega 3mulsion DHA, a creamy liquid Omega 3 product that is ideally delivered in single-serve sachets or by spoon from the bottle. The new
flavours, Blueberry & Lemon and Peach & Mango, join the original Lemon flavoured emulsion, of which one single-serve 5g sachet or spoonful provides the EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) daily recommended intake of 250mg/day of the components of Omega 3 that are recognised as being beneficial to health, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Croda’s Nutritional Sales Director, Gerry Purnell, said “Incromega 3mulsion DHA offers a delicious way for consumers to gain the health
benefits associated with DHA without the need to swallow a capsule, making it a great choice for all ages but especially children, seniors and during pregnancy.” Source: Croda
New GAA fund to boost availability
of certified seafood worldwide. GAA is launching an initiative to finance a range of projects to further responsible aquaculture, and ultimately increase the availability of certified seafood production worldwide, the organization has announced at the SeaWeb Seafood Summit in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. GAA is creating the yet-to-be-named fund, beginning with $250,000, to support improver projects designed to make an enduring and tangible difference on the ground in the field of aquaculture. It invites stakeholders to co-finance projects in line with GAA’s mission of feeding the world through responsible aquaculture, including individuals, researchers, academics and industry members. The fund is being administered by the Responsible Aquaculture Foundation. Source: Undercurrentnews.com
Exalmar reported a 855% net profit
jump to $14 million by Dec. 31, on the back of a 31% increase in sales value, year-on-year. In 2014, Peru’s fishmeal industry was hit by a ‘moderate’ El Nino weather phenomenon, which saw poor anchovy catches and, as a consequence, fishmeal prices soared. This is reflected in Exalmar's fishmeal and fish oil sales value, which
increased by 22% to $187.4m in 2014, compared to the previous year. Average price of fishmeal for the first season of 2014 increased by 18.2% to 1,863/t, year-on-year, according to the Peruvian fishmeal producer.
In Q4, fishmeal prices averaged $2,050/t, while, by the end of 2014, remaining stock was sold at an approximate price of $2,300/t,
according to Exalmar. As a result of higher initial anchovy stocks in 2013's second season (2.3m metric tons compared to 810,000t in 2012), Exalmar sold 91,809t of fishmeal by Dec. 31, 15% up year-on-year. The value also increased by 14% to $146m. For fish oil, sales totaled 19,394t, valued at $39.6m, 72% up, year-on-year. The company also reported higher production volumes and sales in its food fish division to $33.5m, representing 15% of total sales by end of 2014, from 9% over the same time a year ago. Source: Undercurrent-news.com
Video on Efficiency in Aquaculture Water Consumption.
A video posted on The Fish Site, shows the head of technical services at IRTA, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Ricard Carbó, explains the water recirculation system used in aquaculture facilities and its
effects on the reduction of water consumption. This is one of the ITACA project video tutorials that will aim to improve the management of African tilapia fish farms. The ITACA project is co-funded by the European Union through the 10th European Development Fund and the African Component of the ACP Research Programme for Sustainable Development. Source: TheFishsite.com
Nutreco is to commercially launch a
reduced-fishmeal shrimp feed product early in 2015, the firm's management revealed during conference calls for its 2014 financial results. 'MicroBalance' has been in the works for years, but commercial trials in Ecuador, Brazil and Vietnam were successfully completed by the end of 2014, and a launch is expected in the coming months, said Nutreco CEO Knut Nesse. This product
NEWS IN BRIEF UPDATE
BUSINESS
14
UPDATE
is expected to be “commercially meaningful” for Skretting, Nutreco's fish feed division, for a number of
reasons, he said. One is that, with fishmeal prices at an all-time high, a switch to reduced fishmeal diets is in the interests of the whole production chain. Having already brought the fishmeal content in its salmon feed down from 30% to 5%, Nutreco has got the content in its MicroBalance shrimp feed down from 25% to 15%; “by no means the end stage”. In 2014, 40.7% of Skretting's sales came from non-salmonid feeds. This was up from just 20% a few years ago. Its acquisitions through 2013 and 2014 took it into eight new markets, and several new species, including shrimp. Source: Undercurrentnews.com
Aller Aqua Group has, in
cooperation with IFU (Investment Fund for Developing Countries), bought the majority of an Egyptian family company in 2011. In 2014 the company has finished a brand new state of the art fish feed factory in Egypt. It is this factory – Egypt’s largest and most modern production of environmentally friendly, extruded fish feed – which is
going to be inaugurated.
Aller Aqua Egypt, as the Egyptian company is called, has in this connection invested a large sum of money in the area called ”6th of October City”, situated a 1 hour drive from Cairo.
“The momentum we have managed to create in Egypt since 2011 creates the basis for this extraordinary expansion, giving us the opportunity to triple
sales” explains Henrik Halken, Chairman of Aller Aqua Egypt. Henrik continues: “We are very excited to welcome more than 200 guests to Aller Aqua Egypt on Tuesday the 3rd of March. Source: Aller Aqua Group
Indonesia to Double Aquaculture
Production. The Indonesian government has set a target to achieve 31 million tons of fish from aquaculture by 2019, a two-fold increase compared to the current yearly production. “In the next five years, the country aims to jack up fish farming production to 31.3 million tons
per year, valued at Rp 365.8 trillion ($28.67 billion),” said Coordinating Maritime Affairs Minister Indroyono Soesilo. Currently, the country produces only 13.3 million tons of fish from farming worth Rp 112.70 trillion, reports the JakartaPost. Production comprises 22 million tons of seaweed and nine million tons of fish, Indroyono added. To reach the target, the government will expand farming areas up to 26.80% within the next five years from 10.80% currently. According to Indroyono, the government would focus on shrimp, ornamental fish, grouper and red snapper in oceanic fisheries, while freshwater fisheries would focus on edible nila, patin and catfish. Source: TheFishSite.com
Mexican tuna certification process
moves forward. The head of the National Commission of Aquaculture
and Fisheries (CONAPESCA), Mario Aguilar Sanchez, ensures that the evaluation process several tuna companies in the country are
undergoing to obtain certification of sustainable fisheries by the international organization Marine
Stewardship Council (MSC) "is on the right path." The Mexican tuna fishery has already been awarded recognition from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) for its sustainable fishing practices. CONAPESCA commissioner recalled that four of the largest Mexican companies that catch yellowfin tuna - integrating the Pacific Alliance for Sustainable Tuna (APAS) - established an agreement to initiate an assessment process to obtain MSC certification, a process that is "progressing well". The fishing firms involved are Grupomar, Herdez, Pesca Azteca and Pesca Chiapas. The Alliance has been working for a year and a half ago to formally enter the certification process of the Mexican fishery by the MSC. Source: FIS.com
Spain: ‘Smart tags’ allow packaged
fish freshness control. A team of scientists from the University of Burgos developed a ‘smart tag’ that makes it possible to know the freshness of fish packed through a change of colour
perceptible to human eye. This new
technology, which has already been patented, consists of a new polymeric material with colorimetric properties,
NEWS IN BRIEF
COUNTRY
15
which changes colour in the presence of biogenic amines. The amount of biogenic amines in fish is an indicator of product microbial spoilage, and its optimum state for consumption as well. The researchers who developed this technology emphasize its versatility in design and employment. Smart tags may have different formats, depending on the needs, allowing the coating with other polymeric and non-polymeric materials by conventional methods, such as printing, Burgos University reported. The proponents of this initiative focused on food quality and safety of packed fish, for the consumer and the food industry to reliably control fish products. Source: FIS.com
Estonian fish suppliers have
announced they will increase the production of fishmeal in response to an oversupply crisis on the domestic fish market provoked by the Russian authorities ban on the import of sprat and anchovy to the country plus a sharp reduction of demand in Ukraine’s market, reported Estonian publication "Capital". Valdur Noormyagi, head of the Union of Estonian Fisheries recognises that small producers and firms are facing a difficult situation. "We're currently searching for new markets, there are even attempts to sell fish to Africa", he said. According to him, one of the temporary solutions which the
producers are currently using is transferring the selling of raw fish to the production of fishmeal for compound feed. The fishmeal will be sold domestically and also to other European markets.
Noormyagi added that the search for new markets will not solve the current issues with sales: "We could sell 500 tonnes to Africa; whilst losing 3,000 tonnes in Crimea [Estonia supplied 3,000 tonnes of fish to Crimea in 2013]. In grocery warehouses there are tens of thousands of tonnes of food, which, because of sanctions by the Russian Federation, remain unsold, including 35,300 tonnes of fish products. Source: AllAboutFeed.net
Scandinavian herring roe starting
to deliver on omega-3 promise. Herring by-products like immature roe are proving a bountiful source for omega-3s in Norway, with research showing strong market potential. The Norwegian Seafood Research Fund
(FHF) has begun a project, ‘Market opportunities for immature roe from North Sea herring (NSH) and Norwegian spring spawning herring (NSSH)’.
Herring roe is phospoholipid and omega-3 (EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)) loaded and is already on-market in the UK, Malaysia, Australia and New Zealand with major supplement manufacturers like Nordic Naturals. Wenche Emblem Larssen and associates produced the report and said: “The herring industry has previously only exploited spawning or matured roe a limited period, when roe offers the greatest yield and the best sensory properties. The differences in egg size and nutritional content of immature versus mature roe are thus smaller than previously assumed.” “Recent studies however
have identified market opportunities of immature roe both for consumption and as an ingredient.” The Norwegian herring roe fishery is Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) approved meaning it has met certain criteria regarding its sustainability. Source: NutraIngredients-usa.com
A new study suggests that global warming may increase upwelling in
several ocean current systems around the world by the end of this century, especially at high latitudes, and will cause major changes in marine biodiversity. Since upwelling of colder, nutrient-rich water is a driving force behind marine productivity, one possibility may be enhancement of some of the world's most important fisheries. However, solar heating due to greenhouse warming may also increase the persistence of “stratification,” or the horizontal layering of ocean water of different temperatures. The result could be a warm, near-surface layer and a deep, cold layer.
If this happens to a significant extent, it could increase global hypoxic, or low-oxygen events, decouple upwelling from the supply of nutrient-rich water, and pose a significant threat to the global function of fisheries and marine ecosystems. The projected increase in upwelling, in other words, appears
clear and definitive. But researchers say its biological impact is far less obvious, which is a significant concern. These upwelling systems cover less than 2% of the ocean surface, but contribute 7% to global marine primary production, and 20% of global fish catches. Source: FIS.com
NEWS IN BRIEF UPDATE
RESEARCH
16
3-5 March North Atlantic Seafood Forum—Bergen, Norway
27 March IFFO / JCI Fishmeal and Fish Oil Forum - Guangzhou City, China
13 April IFFO Board Meeting—Miami, USA
14-15 April Members Meeting—Miami, USA
Details to be provided shortly
21-23 April Seafood Expo—Brussels, Belgium
20-24 May World of Seafood— Bangkok, Thailand
26-30 May World Aquaculture 2015 AquaForum—Jeju Island, South Korea
3 June IFFO China Regulations Seminar - London, UK
4 June IFFO Marine Ingredients Certification Seminar - London, UK
7-9 June Aquavision - Stravanger, Norway
5-9 September World Seafood Congress— Grimsby, UK
28-30 September IFFO 2015 Annual Conference—Berlin, Germany
1 October IFFO Board Meeting—Berlin, Germany
17-19 November Food Matters Live - London, UK
Contact Us IFFO, Unit C, Printworks, 22 Amelia Street London, SE17 3BZ, United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0)2030 539 195 Fax: +44 (0)2030 539 196 e-mail: secretariat@iffo.net www.iffo.net
CALENDAR UPDATE
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