unit 7, day 5. homework quiz nitrogen and phosphorus biogeochemical cycles

Unit 7, Day 5

Homework Quiz

•Nitrogen and Phosphorus Biogeochemical Cycles

Agenda

•Homework Quiz•Agenda•Reminder•Learning Goal•Decomposition Video•Nitrogen Cycle•Island Application•Homework

Reminder

•No technology in class unless explicitly stated!!!

Learning Goal

• Objective 2.5.D (Cycles) – I

can describe how water,

carbon, oxygen, nitrogen,

and phosphorus cycle

between abiotic resources

and organic matter in the

ecosystem.

Decomposition

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c0En-_BVbGc

Nitrogen Cycle: The circulation of nitrogen.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Nitrogen Cycle: The circulation of nitrogen.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Nitrogen Cycle: The circulation of nitrogen.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Nitrogen Cycle: The circulation of nitrogen.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Everyone take a deep breath in and then breathe out.– 78% of what you just breathed in was Nitrogen

N2 gas– 78% of what you exhaled was… Nitrogen N2

gas.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Everyone take a deep breath in and then breathe out.– 78% of what you just breathed in was Nitrogen

N2 gas– 78% of what you exhaled was… Nitrogen N2

gas.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Everyone take a deep breath in and then breathe out.– 78% of what you just breathed in was Nitrogen

N2 gas– 78% of what you exhaled was… Nitrogen N2

gas.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Everyone take a deep breath in and then breathe out.– 78% of what you just breathed in was Nitrogen

N2 gas– 78% of what you exhaled was… Nitrogen N2

gas.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Nitrogen in the atmosphere is N2 gas which is doesn’t bond well with other molecules.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Nitrogen in the atmosphere is N2 gas which is doesn’t bond well with other molecules.– Nitrogen forms triple bonds with itself.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Nitrogen in the atmosphere is N2 gas which is doesn’t bond well with other molecules.– Nitrogen forms triple bonds with itself.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Nitrogen in the atmosphere is N2 gas which is doesn’t bond well with other molecules.– Nitrogen forms triple bonds with itself.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Nitrogen in the atmosphere is N2 gas which is doesn’t bond well with other molecules.– Nitrogen forms triple bonds with itself.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• When nitrogen is “fixed”, it’s bonds are split with the other nitrogen. Now it has three arms to make new friends,

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• When nitrogen is “fixed”, it’s bonds are split with the other nitrogen. Now it has three arms to make new friends like oxygen.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• When nitrogen is “fixed”, it’s bonds are split with the other nitrogen. Now it has three arms to make new friends like oxygen.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• When nitrogen is “fixed”, it’s bonds are split with the other nitrogen. Now it has three arms to make new friends like oxygen (NO2)

Bacteria

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Rain and precipitation bring the atmospheric Nitrogen to the ground.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

To Plant

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

To Plant

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil and on the root nodules of plants can fix the nitrogen.– Fix means change its form so a plant can use it.

To Plant

• Plants can now use this new molecule to get the nitrogen they need to build proteins so they can grow, repair, and reproduce.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Oxygen

• Plants can now use this new molecule to get the nitrogen they need to build proteins so they can grow, repair, and reproduce.– With the help of nitrogen fixing bacteria

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Oxygen

• Plants can now use this new molecule to get the nitrogen they need to build proteins so they can grow, repair, and reproduce.– With the help of nitrogen fixing bacteria

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Oxygen

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals get their nitrogen from eating plants. Or…

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals get their nitrogen from eating plants. Or…

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals get their nitrogen from eating plants. Or…

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals get their nitrogen from eating plants. Or…

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals get their nitrogen from eating plants. Or…

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals get their nitrogen from eating plants. Or…

• Eventually, plants and animals die.• Ammonia (NH3) / Decay / Waste

• When plants and animals die. – Nitrifying bacteria break down the nitrogen in

their tissues. (Nitrites NO2)

• When plants and animals die. – Nitrifying bacteria break down the nitrogen in

their tissues. (Nitrites NO2)

Some of thisnitrogen can go

back to the nitrogen fixing bacteria

• When plants and animals die. – Nitrifying bacteria break down the nitrogen in

their tissues. (Nitrites NO2)

Some of thisnitrogen can go

back to the nitrogen fixing bacteria

• Denitrifying bacteria can also change the NH3 Nitrate back to N2 Nitrogen gas

• When the nitrogen is denitrified, it then bonds with another nitrogen to form inert N2 gas in the atmosphere until the cycle repeats.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• When the nitrogen is denitrified, it then bonds with another nitrogen to form inert N2 gas in the atmosphere until the cycle repeats.

“We now get to hang out in

the atmosphere for a long

time.”

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• All life requires nitrogen-compounds, e.g., proteins and nucleic acids.

• Air, which is 79% nitrogen gas (N2), is the major reservoir of nitrogen.

• But most organisms cannot use nitrogen in this form.

• Plants must secure their nitrogen in "fixed" form, i.e., incorporated in compounds such as: – nitrate ions (NO3−) – ammonia (NH3) – urea (NH2)2CO

• Animals secure their nitrogen (and all other) compounds from plants (or animals that have fed on plants).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• This is an example of poor soil conservation methods which leads to soil nutrient depletion.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• This is an example of poor soil conservation methods which leads to soil nutrient depletion.– The lost nitrogen in this runoff will be denitrified by

bacteria back to the atmosphere .

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• This is an example of poor soil conservation methods which leads to soil nutrient depletion.– The lost nitrogen in this runoff will be denitrified by

bacteria back to the atmosphere .

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Manmade fertilizers also puts nitrogen into the soil. (Ammonia NH3)

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Manmade fertilizers also puts nitrogen into the soil. (Ammonia NH3)–Excess / poor management of nitrogen

can result in pollution.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Manmade fertilizers also puts nitrogen into the soil. (Ammonia NH3)–Excess / poor management of nitrogen

can result in pollution.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Manmade fertilizers also puts nitrogen into the soil. (Ammonia NH3)–Excess / poor management of nitrogen

can result in pollution.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Nitrogen Cycle Available Sheet

• Activity! Step by step drawing of the Nitrogen Cycle.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Lightning can convert

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Nitrifying Bacteria

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Decomposers break down nitrogen Nitrites NO2, Nitrates NO3, Ammonia NH3

Nitrifying Bacteria

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Decomposers break down nitrogen Nitrites NO2, Nitrates NO3, Ammonia NH3

Nitrifying Bacteria

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Decomposers break down nitrogen Nitrites NO2, Nitrates NO3, Ammonia NH3

Nitrifying Bacteria

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Decomposers break down nitrogen Nitrites NO2, Nitrates NO3, Ammonia NH3

Nitrifying Bacteria

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Decomposers break down nitrogen Nitrites NO2, Nitrates NO3, Ammonia NH3

Nitrifying Bacteria

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Denitrifying bacteria release Nitrogen into air. (N2)

Decomposers break down nitrogen Nitrites NO2, Nitrates NO3, Ammonia NH3

Nitrifying Bacteria

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Denitrifying bacteria release Nitrogen into air. (N2)

Decomposers break down nitrogen Nitrites NO2, Nitrates NO3, Ammonia NH3

Nitrifying Bacteria

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Denitrifying bacteria release Nitrogen into air. (N2)

Air pollution releases nitrogen into atmosphere

Decomposers break down nitrogen Nitrites NO2, Nitrates NO3, Ammonia NH3

Nitrifying Bacteria

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Denitrifying bacteria release Nitrogen into air. (N2)

Air pollution releases nitrogen into atmosphere

Decomposers break down nitrogen Nitrites NO2, Nitrates NO3, Ammonia NH3

Nitrifying Bacteria

Lightning can convert

And nitrogen mixes with rain

Bacteria fix nitrogen into NH3, NO2-, NO3-

Animals get nitrogen by eating plants

Denitrifying bacteria release Nitrogen into air. (N2)

Air pollution releases nitrogen into atmosphere Fertilizersr

Decomposers break down nitrogen Nitrites NO2, Nitrates NO3, Ammonia NH3

Nitrifying Bacteria

• Excess free nitrogen in the atmosphere can cause acid rain which damages forests and lakes.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Nitrogen in atmosphere is inert (N2 Gas) which is not reactive. (Can’t use)– Bacteria on plant roots convert nitrogen in

atmosphere into • nitrate ions (NO3−) (NO2-)• ammonia (NH4)

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Nitrogen in atmosphere is inert (N2 Gas) which is not reactive. (Can’t use)– Bacteria on plant roots convert nitrogen in

atmosphere into • nitrate ions (NO3−) (NO2-)• ammonia (NH4)

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Plants now have usable nitrogen.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Plants now have usable nitrogen.

• Animals get nitrogen from eating plants.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Plants now have usable nitrogen.

• Animals get nitrogen from eating plants.

• Animals and plants release nitrogen in waste such as urea (NH2)2CO and death.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Plants now have usable nitrogen.

• Animals get nitrogen from eating plants.

• Animals and plants release nitrogen in waste such as urea (NH2)2CO and death.

• Bacteria break down nitrogen and release it back into air as N2 Gas. (Denitrification).

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Four processes participate in the cycling of nitrogen through the biosphere.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Four processes participate in the cycling of nitrogen through the biosphere.– Nitrogen fixation: Break apart N2 so it can join to

other atoms and be used.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Four processes participate in the cycling of nitrogen through the biosphere.– Nitrogen fixation: Break apart N2 so it can join to

other atoms and be used.– Decay: Passes on through eating / waste.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Four processes participate in the cycling of nitrogen through the biosphere.– Nitrogen fixation: Break apart N2 so it can join to

other atoms and be used.– Decay: Passes on through eating / waste.– Nitrification: Plants with bacteria take up nitrogen.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

• Four processes participate in the cycling of nitrogen through the biosphere.– Nitrogen fixation: Break apart N2 so it can join to

other atoms and be used.– Decay: Passes on through eating / waste.– Nitrification: Plants with bacteria take up nitrogen.– Denitrification: Nitrogen returned to the air.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Island

•Add the third cycle: Nitrogen•Make sure you have the other two cycles:

▫Water▫Carbon and Oxygen (Short, Long #1, Long

#2)

Homework

•YouTube Video: Population Ecology•Open note quiz!!!