unit 6 the muscular system - badger anatomy & …...«locomotion & manipulation «circulate...
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UNIT 6 THE MUSCULAR
SYSTEM
I. Functions of Muscular SystemA. Produces Movement
– Internal vs. External« locomotion & manipulation« circulate blood & maintain
blood pressure« move fluids, food, baby
B. Maintaining Posture
C. Stabilizing Joints– tendons span across joint
D. Generation of Heat– ATP ADP + P + Energy
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II. Types of Muscle (Review)*Muscle cells are also called muscle fibers
myo-mys-sarco-
SHAPE Elongated cylinder shape Spindle shape
Cylinder shape w/ branching ends, intercalated disks
NUCLEUS Multinucleated Single Single
APPEARANCE Striated, nonbranching
Nonstriated, arranged in sheets/layers
Striated, Branched ends
CONTROLVoluntary (reflex also), by nervous system
Involuntary, nervous system, hormones
Involuntary, nervous system, hormones
CONTRACTIONSlowRapid, Great force, Tire easily
Slow sustained contractions
Sustained steady rate, can increase
SKELETAL SMOOTH CARDIAC
Key Words:
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III. Gross Anatomy: Skeletal MuscleA. Connective Tissue Protection
– Muscle fibers are fragile– Protected by...
« Surrounded by connective tissue« Bundled together
B. Organization– Endomysium: Delicate connective
tissue sheath around individual muscle fibers
– Perimysium: Coarser membrane wrapped around several fibers (Fasicle)« Fasicle: Bundle of fibers
– Epimysium: Very tough layer surrounding many fasicles making up entire muscle« Blends together at end to form
» Tendons: cordlike» Aponeuroses: sheetlike
*Tendons & Aponeuroses attach muscle to bones, cartilage, or other connective tissue
III. Gross Anatomy: Skeletal Muscle cont'd
> Origin: site of attachment on a fixed bone
> Insertion: site of attachment on a bone that moves
> Action: function
– ex.
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