unit 5: era of social change 1950 americana-----eisenhower presidency----jfk presidency---johnson...

Unit 5: Era of Social Change

1950 AMERICANA-----EISENHOWER PRESIDENCY----JFK PRESIDENCY---JOHNSON PRESIDENCY-----CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

Baby Boom Nuclear Family

American Dream

Suburbia

1950s Americana

G.I. Bill of Rights Boom in education and homes

GI Bill of Rights passed to benefit WWII veterans low cost mortgages, low-interest loanseducation benefits.

Effects:Helped create a middle class Increased racial inequality( many benefits weren’t given

to A.A.

T.V.

TV ownership rose as the cost of owning them dropped.

In 1952 TV Guide outsold every other magazine.

The TV Dinner was introduced in 1954 and altered America’s eating habits.

1950 TV Showshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=62JEg8iGV3k

Consumerism 1950s, Consumerism is due to the growth of media,

suburbs, and personal wealthTV became the center of consumer culture.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ibugG89odt0

The Beat Movement

Expressions of nonconformity by artists, poets and writers.

Beatniks: lived nonconformist livesFree, open and loose

Shunned by popular culture, did attract media attention as well as college students – pre-counterculture

Rock n Roll

Rebellion Music

Dr. Jonas Salk

Developed a vaccine for preventing polio

President Eisenhower

Interstate Highway System—Due to civilian and military growth, 1950s President Dwight Eisenhower, approved the Interstate Highway System

1960 ElectionDemocratic nominee

John Fitzgerald Kennedy = Senator from Mass.

Republican nomineeRichard Nixon = Vice President under Ike

Two factors that helped JFK win – t.v. and civil rights

Kennedy the Candidate

Well-organized campaign$ backed by large, wealthy

familyObstacles:

Age: only 43Religion: Roman Catholic

Televised Debate1st televised debate ever between

presidential candidatesNixon: expert on foreign policy

Wanted to use the debate to expose JFK’s weakness.

JFK – cool and calm“Image replaced the printed

word.”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wg28hW1eAys

Election OutcomeThe Presidential election of 1960

was the closest in American history. John F. Kennedy won the popular vote by a slim margin of approximately 100,000 votes. Richard Nixon won more individual states than Kennedy, but it was Kennedy who prevailed by winning key states with many electoral votes.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W9H3gvnN468

Kennedy and the King

MLK and 33 demonstrators arrested in Atlanta at a segregated lunch counterNo concern from Ike

JFK showed concernBobby K. convinced the judge to

have MLK released on bail

CamelotJFK, wife Jackie, son John Jr., daughter CarolineRepresented a Camelot mystique

JFK Takes Command

Warned against supporting the French in Indochina

JFK’s policy of Flexible ResponseBuild-up of the nation’s

conventional forces (non-nuclear forces)

Created an elite branch of the ArmyThe Special Forces or The

Green Berets

The Berlin Crisis

Citizens from E. Berlin flocked into W. Berlin- Better economy

N.K. constructed the Berlin Wall to separate the two (Aug. 1961)- Sign of Communist oppression

New FrontierJFKs legislative program:

Spark economy by increase spending on national defenses

Peace Corps-Increase international aid

Expand space program

Space Race JFK vows to put a man on the moon by

the end of the 1960sInvests in NASA-National Aeronautics and Space

Administration

Apollo Program-lands Neil Armstrong on the moonArmstrong quotes “One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”.

http://www.history.com/topics/space-race/videos/space-race-cold-war-front

JFK Assassination

Nov. 22, 1963-Dalles TX

JFK arrived to mend political fences with members of the state’s Democratic Party

JFK shot and murdered

Dallas police charged Lee Harvey Oswald with murder-palm print found on rifle used

Conspiracy Theories:

Oswald acted as part of a conspiracy with 2 shooters

Anti-Castro Cubans

Communist-sponsored attack

Conspiracy by the CIA

http://youtu.be/DSBXW1-VGmM

Lyndon B. Johnson

Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson becomes PresidentProves American system works!

LBJ and Domestic legislationPassed JFK’s Civil Rights Bill..it now becomes the Civil Rights Act 1964—Prohibits discrimination bc of race, religion, national origin, and gender

Great SocietyGreat Society-LBJ’s Domestic

agendaAimed to:

1. Reduce poverty

2. Reduce racial injustice

3. Promote a better quality of life

in the United States.