unit 4 - greek art - presentation

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF GREEK ART:

• Proportion Relationship between the parts of a whole.• Visual balance Sense of unity, order, and equilibrium.• Reference Human body.• Looking for beauty.

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS- Human scale Not massive dimensions.- Use of optical illusions for keeping the proportions and the lines to the eye.- Material: marble.- Many different types of buildings.- Double-sloped roofs

• Tympanum (space in the centre of the triangle decorated)

- Columns Orders: rules for the distribution and proportions of the parts of the building.

DORIC:Simple, with no base

1. Pediment With tympanum.

2. Entablature Cornice, frieze with trigliphs and metopes (with relieves), and architrave.

3. Columna) Smooth capitalb) Shaftc) No base.

4. Platform Stepped.

2

3

4

a)

b)

IONIC:Lighter, taller and more decorated.

1. Pediment With tympanum.

2. Entablature Cornice, smooth frieze with relieves and architrave.

3. Columna) Capital with volutes.b) Tall shaft.c) With base.

4. Platform Stepped.

2

3

4

a)

b)

c)

a)

b)

c)

2

3

4

CORINTHIAN:Very ornate, decorative. The last to appear

1. Pediment With tympanum.

2. Entablature Cornice, smooth frieze with relieves and architrave.

3. Columna) Capital with acanthus

leaves.b) Tall and thin shaft.c) With base.

4. Platform Stepped.

TEMPLES: - Religious function, dedicated to the gods.

- Held the statue of the god.- Most important type of building.- On a platform.- Rectangular floor plan (some circular temples too, called tholos) Side = 2 x front + 1- Parts: 1- Platform; 2- Colonnade (Peristyle); 3- Pronaos; 4- Naos (Cella); 5- Opistodomos

(Back part of the house).

* If surrounded by one rowof columns: peripteral.

• Depending on thecolumns in the front:• 4: tetrastyle• 6: hexastyle• 8: octastyle…

*Parthenon 5th c. BCEDedicated to Athena

*Erechtheum5th c. BCE

Dedicated to Athena and Poseidon.

*Temple of Athena Nike 5th c. BCEDedicated to Athena Nike.

*Temple of Olympian Zeus (Athens)2nd c. BCE

*Temple Hera (Paestum, Italy)

THEATRES: - Civil architecture, for entertainment. - Built on the slope of hills.- Parts: stands, orchestra (for the choir) and stage.

* Theatre of Delphi

TOMBS: - Funerary architecture.

* Mausoleum in Halicarnassus

STADIA (SG: stadium)

* PanathenaicStadium

MAINCHARACTERISTICS

Human form Ideal of beauty, proportion and balance Canon.

Males: nudes.

Material: Stone (marble)

Themes: gods, heroes, athletes, mythological scenes, fights, etc.

* Polycletus * Lysippus

ARCHAIC7th-6th centuries BCE

CLASSICAL5th-4th centuries BCE

HELLENISTIC3rd century BCE onwards

ARCHAIC SCULPTURE- 7th and 6th centuries BCE.- Rigid figures, schematic.- Archaic smile Flat, unnatural.- Kouroi (SG: kouros athletes) and

kourai (SG: koré female)

* Peplos Kore6th century BCE

* Anavyssos Kouros6th century BCE

CLASSICAL SCULPTURE- 5th and 4th centuries BCE. - Naturalism, realism, balanced

movement… looking for beauty.

5th BCE:

* Myron – Discobolous.

5th BCE: * Phidias: Parthenon Tympanum and Frieze.

5th BCE:

* Polycletus

Diadumenus

Doryphorus

4th BCE:

* Lysippus

Hermes

Apoxyomenos

4th BCE:

* Scopas

Ares Ludovisi

Apollo Kitharoidos

4th BCE:

* Praxiteles –

Hermes and Dionysus.

Venus Braschi

Aphrodite of Knidos

HELLENISTIC SCULPTURE- From the 3rd century BCE

onwards. - Greater movement and emotions.- Dramatic scenes

* Nike of Samothrace

* Aphrodite of Milos

* Laocoon and his sons