understanding relationships between education, health and well-being among young people: what can...
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Understanding relationships between education, health and well-being
among young people: what can the HBSC study contribute?
Professor Candace Currie
HBSC International Coordinator
Director, Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit (CAHRU), University of Edinburgh
Health Behaviour in School-aged ChildrenA World Health Organisation Collaborative Cross-national Study
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
HBSC purpose and scopeHBSC purpose and scope
To gain new insight and increase our knowledge and understanding of adolescent health in social and developmental context
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
HBSC backgroundHBSC background
Initiated in 1982 in three countries Initiated in 1982 in three countries Adopted as WHO Collaborative Study Adopted as WHO Collaborative Study First cross-national survey in 1983/4 in 5 First cross-national survey in 1983/4 in 5
countriescountries Gradual growth in study membershipGradual growth in study membership Now 43 participating countries: Europe/ Now 43 participating countries: Europe/
North AmericaNorth America HBSC international network of ~ 300 HBSC international network of ~ 300
researchers from different disciplinesresearchers from different disciplines Growing interest in HBSC globallyGrowing interest in HBSC globally
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
HBSC developmentHBSC developmentDriversDrivers
Perceived need for comparative dataPerceived need for comparative data
To describe how health varies among young To describe how health varies among young people in different countries people in different countries
To understand determinants of health and To understand determinants of health and patterns of health and behaviour patterns of health and behaviour
Need for reliable research evidence to Need for reliable research evidence to inform policy and practice for health inform policy and practice for health improvement improvement
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
Conceptual framework HBSCConceptual framework HBSC
Broad definition of health – encompassing Broad definition of health – encompassing WHO (1948) concept of complete WHO (1948) concept of complete complete physical, mental and social well-complete physical, mental and social well-being; not merely the absence of diseasebeing; not merely the absence of disease
Health related behaviours are part of Health related behaviours are part of adolescent lifestylesadolescent lifestyles
Health and behaviour considered in social Health and behaviour considered in social context – socio-ecological perspectivecontext – socio-ecological perspective
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
Scientific challenges HBSCScientific challenges HBSC
Development of common indicators (e.g. Development of common indicators (e.g. mental health, alcohol use, school mental health, alcohol use, school environment) environment)
Development of common measures translated Development of common measures translated to produce comparable datato produce comparable data
Based on common conceptsBased on common concepts
Systematic methods of data collectionSystematic methods of data collection
Quality control at all stagesQuality control at all stages
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
HBSC surveysHBSC surveys Surveys conducted every four years at Surveys conducted every four years at
same time in each countrysame time in each country
School based surveys of 11, 13 and 15 School based surveys of 11, 13 and 15 year olds: nationally representative year olds: nationally representative random samplesrandom samples
Self-complete questionnaire administered Self-complete questionnaire administered in class timein class time
National data files combined to create National data files combined to create international data fileinternational data file
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
Well-being among adolescentsWell-being among adolescents
Many dimensions of well-being in this age Many dimensions of well-being in this age groupgroup
Young people’s feelings about their health Young people’s feelings about their health and about their livesand about their lives
Expressed in their behaviour and lifestylesExpressed in their behaviour and lifestyles Quantified by their life circumstancesQuantified by their life circumstances
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
Health related behaviours HBSCHealth related behaviours HBSC
Tobacco, alcohol and cannabisTobacco, alcohol and cannabis Physical activityPhysical activity Consumption of food and drinksConsumption of food and drinks ToothbrushingToothbrushing Weight control behaviour Weight control behaviour Fighting and bullyingFighting and bullying Sexual behaviourSexual behaviour TV and computer useTV and computer use Electronic communicationElectronic communication
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
Health and well-being HBSCHealth and well-being HBSC
Self-rated healthSelf-rated health
Life satisfactionLife satisfaction
Health complaintsHealth complaints
Body image Body image
Body Mass Index (BMI)Body Mass Index (BMI)
InjuriesInjuries
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
Social context HBSC Social context HBSC
School experience School experience
Peer relationsPeer relations
Family lifeFamily life
Socioeconomic circumstancesSocioeconomic circumstances
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
Inequalities in adolescent well-Inequalities in adolescent well-beingbeing
According to:According to:
GenderGender AgeAge Socioeconomic statusSocioeconomic status GeographyGeography
‘‘Inequalities in Young People’s Health’ Inequalities in Young People’s Health’ Currie et al (2008). WHO CopenhagenCurrie et al (2008). WHO CopenhagenFindings from HBSC 2005/6 Survey Findings from HBSC 2005/6 Survey
boys
girls
Life Satisfacti
on
Inequalities in Young People’s Health(Currie et al, 2008).
Family Family AffluenceAffluence
Life Life satisfactionsatisfaction
Inequalities in Young People’s Health(Currie et al, 2008)
.
Family Family AffluenceAffluence
Perceived Perceived school school
PerformancPerformancee
Inequalities in Young People’s Health(Currie et al, 2008)
.
Age, Gender,
and Geography
Inequalities in Young People’s Health(Currie et al, 2008).
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
HBSC HBSC evidence of school effectsevidence of school effects on health and well-being on health and well-being
Low school satisfaction has negative impact seen Low school satisfaction has negative impact seen in smoking, alcohol and cannabis use; poorer self in smoking, alcohol and cannabis use; poorer self rated health; higher rates of somatic and rated health; higher rates of somatic and psychological symptomspsychological symptoms
High academic achievement impacts positively on High academic achievement impacts positively on reported health complaints; life satisfaction; reported health complaints; life satisfaction; smoking and alcohol use; and healthy eatingsmoking and alcohol use; and healthy eating
School stress impacts negatively on health School stress impacts negatively on health complaints, self-reported health, life satisfaction complaints, self-reported health, life satisfaction and well-beingand well-being
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
HBSC evidence of school effectsHBSC evidence of school effects on health and well-being on health and well-being
HBSC 2002 International ReportHBSC 2002 International Report‘‘The Social Context of Young People’s The Social Context of Young People’s Health’Health’
HBSC 2006 International Report HBSC 2006 International Report ‘‘Inequalities in Young People’s Health’Inequalities in Young People’s Health’
See See www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org publications page for publications page for list of journal articles on this topiclist of journal articles on this topic
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
HBSC contributionHBSC contribution
Understanding the role school can play in Understanding the role school can play in adolescent well-being is a main area of adolescent well-being is a main area of HBSC research activityHBSC research activity
Investigating impact that health and well-Investigating impact that health and well-being can have on school related indices - being can have on school related indices - less HBSC research in this area to date less HBSC research in this area to date
Explaining geographic inequalities in Explaining geographic inequalities in school and health experience – requires school and health experience – requires understanding of social, cultural and understanding of social, cultural and economic determinantseconomic determinants
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
HBSC future workHBSC future work
Developing a range of indicators to Developing a range of indicators to capture school experience – expanded set capture school experience – expanded set of optional modules in 2009/2010 surveyof optional modules in 2009/2010 survey
Continuing to develop new indicators of Continuing to develop new indicators of adolescent well-being for next survey in adolescent well-being for next survey in 2013/20142013/2014
Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: WHO collaborative cross-national study www.hbsc.orgwww.hbsc.org
• Young people we studyYoung people we study
• The HBSC NetworkThe HBSC Network
• The HBSC partner WHOThe HBSC partner WHO
• Funding organisationsFunding organisations
HBSC AcknowledgementsHBSC Acknowledgements
Further information at www.hbsc.org
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