understanding personality types
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Understanding Personality Types
Elizabeth Kuhnke
www.kuhnkecommunication.com
The MBTI PreferencesExtraversion Introversion
Where you prefer to get and focus your ‘energy’ or attention
Sensing IntuitionWhat kind of information you prefer to gather and trust
Thinking FeelingWhat process you prefer to use in coming to decisions
Judging PerceivingHow you prefer to deal with the world around you, your ‘lifestyle’
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Where do you prefer to get your energy?
Extraversion IntroversionGet energy from the
outer environment of people and
experiences
Focus energy and attention outwards
in action
Get energy from the inner environment of reflections and thoughts
Focus energy and attention inwards in reflection
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Extraversion Introversion
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Extraversion or Introversion?
Extraversion Introversion
Do-Think-Do
Action
Talk things through
Expressive
Interaction
Breadth of interest
Think-do-Think
Reflection
Think things through
Contained
Concentration
Depth of Interest
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What kind of information do you prefer to gather and trust?
Sensing IntuitionPrefer information coming
from the five senses
Focus on what is real and actual
Value practical applications
Factual and realistic, notice details
Prefer information coming from insight and association
Focus on new possibilities
Value imagination and insight
See patterns and meanings in data
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Sensing Intuition
See the specifics See the big picture
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Sensing or Intuition?Sensing Intuition
Facts
Specifics
Realistic
Focused on the here and now
Practical
Observant
Ideas
Big Picture
Imaginative
Focused on anticipating the future
Theoretical
Conceptual
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How do you prefer to make decisions?
Thinking FeelingQuick to show errors and
circumstances
Step out of situations in order to analyse dispassionately
Prefer to make decisions on the basis of logic and objectivity
Quick to show appreciation and find common ground.
Step into situations to weigh human values and motives.
Prefer to make decisions on the basis of values and personal convictions
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Thinking Feeling
I feelI think
START START
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Thinking or Feeling?
Thinking FeelingLogical analysis
Seek objective truth
Guided cause-and-effect reasoning
Impersonal criteria
Critique
Reasonable
Firm but Fair
Understand others’ point of view
Seek harmony
Guided by personal values
Personal Circumstances
Praise
Compassionate
Merciful
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How you prefer to operate in the external world – your lifestyle?
Judging PerceivingPrefer to live life in a planned and
organised manner
Enjoy coming to closure and being decisive
Avoid stressful last-minute rushes
Like to make plans and follow them through to completion
Prefer to live life in a spontaneous and adaptable manner
Enjoy keeping options open and being curious
Feel energised by last-minute pressures
Like to adapt to changing priorities and respond to them resourcefully
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Judging Perceiving
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Judging or Perceiving?
Judging Perceiving
Planned
Organised
Controlled
Structured
Scheduled
Emergent
Flexible
Unconstrained
Go with the flow
Spontaneous
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Preference Types
ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ
ISTP ISFP INFP INTP
ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP
ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ
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“Boat without a rudder”
All PERCEIVING
and no JUDGING
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“Horse with blinkers”
All JUDGING
and no PERCEIVING
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“Hollow”
All EXTRAVERSION
and no INTROVERSION
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“Invisible man”
All INTROVERSION
and noEXTRAVERSION
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e. e lk@kuhnkecomm unicati on.comt . 01491 640919
DiamondPol i sher
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Elizabeth Kuhnke
www.kuhnkecommunication.com
ISTJ
Quiet, serious, earn success by thoroughness and
dependability. Practical, matter-of-fact, realistic, and
responsible. Decide logically what should be done and
work towards it steadily, regardless of distractions. Take
pleasure in making everything orderly and organised –
their work, their home, their life. Value traditions and
loyalty. Back to Table
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ISFJ
Quiet, friendly, responsible, and conscientious.
Committed and steady in meeting their obligations.
Thorough, painstaking, and accurate. Loyal,
considerate, notice and remember specifics about
people who are important to them, concerned with
how others feel. Strive to create an orderly and
harmonious environment at work and at home.
Back to Table
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INFJ
Seek meaning and connection in idea, relationships,
and material possessions. Want to understand what
motivates people and are insightful about others.
Conscientious and committed to their firm values.
Develop a clear vision about how best to serve the
common good. Organised and decisive in
implementing their vision.
Back to Table
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INTJ
Have original minds and great drive for implementing
their ideas and achieving their goals. Quickly see
patterns in external events and develop long-range
explanatory perspectives. When committed, organise a
job and carry it through. Sceptical and independent,
have high standards of competence and performance
– for themselves and others.Back to Table
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ISTP
Tolerant and flexible, quiet observers until a problem
appears, then act quickly to find workable solutions.
Analyse what makes things work and readily get
through large amounts of data to isolate the core of
practical problems. Interested in cause and effect,
organise facts using logical principles, value
efficiency.Back to Table
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ISFP
Quiet, friendly, sensitive, and kind. Enjoy the present
moment, what’s going on around them. Like to have
their own space and to work within their own time
frame. Loyal and committed to their values and to
people who are important to them. Dislike
disagreements and conflicts, do not force their
opinions or values on others.Back to Table
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INFP
Idealistic, loyal to their values and to people who are
important to them. Want an external life that is
congruent with their values. Curious, quick to see
possibilities, can be catalysts for implementing ideas.
Seek to understand people and to help them fulfill
their potential. Adaptable, flexible, and accepting
unless a value is threatened.Back to Table
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INTP
Seek to develop logical explanations for everything
that interests them. Theoretical and abstract,
interested more in ideas than in social interaction.
Quiet, contained, flexible, and adaptable. Have
unusual ability to focus in depth to solve problems in
their area of interest. Sceptical, sometimes critical,
always analytical.Back to Table
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ESTP
Flexible and tolerant, they take a pragmatic approach
focused on immediate results. Theories and
conceptual explanations bore them – they want to act
energetically to solve the problem. Focus on the here
and now, spontaneous, enjoy each moment that they
can be active with others. Enjoy material comforts and
style. Learn best through doing.
Back to Table
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ESFP
Outgoing, friendly, and accepting. Exuberant lovers of
life, people, and material comforts. Enjoy working with
others to make things happen. Bring common sense
and a realistic approach to their work, and make work
fun. Flexible and spontaneous, adapt readily to new
people and environments. Learn best by trying a new
skill with other people.
Back to Table
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ENFP
Warmly enthusiastic and imaginative. See life as full of
possibilities. Make connections between events, and
information very quickly, and confidently proceed
based on the patterns they see. Want a lot of
affirmation from others and readily give appreciation
and support. Spontaneous and flexible, often rely on
their ability to improvise and their verbal fluency.
Back to Table
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ENTP
Quick, ingenious, stimulating, alert, and outspoken.
Resourceful in solving new and challenging problems.
Adept at generating conceptual possibilities and then
analysing them strategically. Good at reading other
people. Bored by routine, will seldom do the same
thing the same way, apt to turn to one new interest
after another.
Back to Table
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ESTJ
Practical, realistic, matter-of-fact. Decisive, quickly
move to implement decisions. Organise projects and
people to get things done, focus on getting results in
the most efficient way possible. Take care of routine
details. Have a clear set of logical standards,
systematically hollow them and want other to also.
Forceful in implementing their plans. Back to Table
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ESFJ
Warm hearted, conscientious, and cooperative. Want
harmony in their environment, work with determination
to establish it. Like to work with others to complete tasks
accurately and on time. Loyal, follow through even in
small matters. Notice what others need in their day-to-
day lives and try to provide it. Want to be appreciated for
who they are and for what they contribute.Back to Table
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ENFJ
Warm, empathetic, responsive, and responsible. Highly
attuned to the emotions, needs, and motivations of
others. Find potential in everyone, want to help others
fulfil their potential. May act as catalysts for individual
and group growth. Loyal, responsive to praise and
criticism. Sociable, facilitate others in a group, and
provide inspiring leadership.Back to Table
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ENTJ
Frank, decisive, assume leadership readily. Quickly see
illogical and inefficient procedures and policies,
develop and implement comprehensive systems to
solve organisational problems. Enjoy long-term
planning and goal setting. Usually well informed, well-
read, enjoy expanding their knowledge and passing it
on to others. Forceful in presenting their ideas.
Back to Table
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