tyas - matter and its state 2011
Post on 09-Apr-2018
223 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
1/32
Tyas Ajeng Puspitasari, S.PdGrade VII Semester 2
2010/2011
Junior High School 1 Malang
TYAS
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
2/32
2
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Three states of matter
Adhesion and Cohesion
Surface Tension and Capillarity
Density
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
3/32
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
4/32
TYAS
4
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
5/32
The phase or state of matter ca cha ge whe the
temperature cha ges. Ge erally, as the temperature
rises, matter moves to a more active state.
Whe temperatures object is i creased, the objecthas RECEIVED HEAT
Whe temperatures object is decreased, the object
has RELEASED HEAT
5
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
The state of certai matter depe ds o its
temperature.
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
6/32
For example, water becomes ice(solid) i the low temperature a d water
(liquid) i the room temperature. thigher temperature, water cha ges i to
water vapour (gas).
TYAS
6
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
7/32
SolidLiquid
as
Melting :Received Heat
Evaporation:Received Heat
Deposition :Released Heat
Freezing :Released Heat
Condensation:Released HeatSublimation
:Received
Heat
TYAS7
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
8/32
KINETIC THEORY OF PARTICLE
1. The all matter co sist of ti y particles
2. Every particles always move i all
directio .
TYAS8
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
9/32
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
10/32
SOLID
The forces betwee
solids particles are BIG
e ough.
The particles i solid do
ot have sufficie t e ergy
to move very far from
each other.
So the o ly way they ca
move is to vibrate
TYAS
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
11/32
WWW.THEMEGALLERY.COM
Particles i a liquid are close
together, but ca slide past
each other.
Liquid flows a d its shape issimilar with the shape of its
co tai er.
Liquid ca ot be
compressed to make itsvolume smaller.
LIQUID
TYAS1
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
12/32
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
13/32
Gas particles have
sufficie t e ergy
to separate
themselves fromother particles.
gas spreads out u til it has the
same volume as its co tai er.Describe how the volume of the
gas cha ges.
GAS
TYAS13
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
14/32
TYAS
The forces betweethese particles are weak.
The particles i a gas aremove freely past eachother.
They ca be compressed
i to smaller space
Forces Between Particles in a Gas
14
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
15/32
ON YOUR OWN B O O K
Describe characteristics of each state of matter, based o
its:
shape (cha ge or co sta t?)
Volume (cha ge or co sta t?)
Mass (cha ge or co sta t?)
compressibility ( a be or ca ot be compress?)
arra geme t particles (describe the arra geme t
particles)
Force betwee particles (stro g, weak or very weak?)
Moveme t of particles (describe the moveme t)
verage Ki etic e ergy (high or low?)
De sity (high or low?)
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
16/32
16
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
SOLID LIQUID GAS
SH PE Has a co sta t
shape
Has cha ged shape(based o its co tai er)
Has Changed shaped(based the shape of the
co tai er)
VOLUME Has a co sta t
volume
Has a co sta t
volume
Has cha ged
volume(Fills up the co tai er)
MASS Has a co sta t
mass
Has a co sta t
mass
Has a co sta t
massompressi
bility
a ot be
compressed
a ot be
compressed
a be
compressed
Arra geme
t of particlesVery close each
other
lose but ot as
close as solid
Very far apart
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
17/32
1
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
SOLID LIQUID GAS
Force
betwee
particles
Very stro g Not so stro g Very weak
Moveme t
of particles
Particles vibrate
i their ow
positio
Particles move
about freely
Particles move
about at ra dom
Ki etic
e ergy of
particles
Have little
ki etic e ergy
Have more ki etic
e ergy
High ki etic
e ergy
DENSITY High Moderate
(seda g)
Very low
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
18/32
1. What is adhesion?
2. What is cohesion?
3. Observe the water and mercurys surface inside test tube.
Does it flat?
4. Waters surface is curving .. (downward / upward)
- It is also called by..
- Why does it happen?
5. Mercurys surface is curving .. (downward / upward)
- It is also called by..- Why does it happen?
6. How is kerosene goes up through the oil stove fuse?
7. What is capillarity?
8. Explain the causes of mosquito can walk above the water.
TYAS18
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
19/32
Water Mercury
Adhesio is attraction force between dissimilar particles
ohesio is attraction force between similar particles
Water surface is
curvi g upward.
It is also called by
co cave me iscus.
Adhesio isstro ger tha its
cohesio
Mercury surface
is curvi g
dow ward.
It is also called by
co vex me iscus.ohesio is
stro ger tha
adhesio
co cave me iscus = me iskus ceku g co vex me iscus = me iskus cembu gTYAS1
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
20/32
Analyze its adhesion
and cohesion.
ohesion is attraction between______ particles and ______ particlesAdhesion is attraction between______ particles and ______ particles
ohesion is _______ thanAdhesion
TYAS20
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
21/32
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
22/32
Water surface insidecapillary tube
Mercury surface inside
capillary tube
TYAS22
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
23/32
Density is defined as mass per unit volume
(rho) = density ( kg/ m3)
m = mass (kg)V = Volume (m3)
Density is not influenced by the mass and the volume of the matter.The same matters have the same density too.
Different matters have different density too.
Density= massa jenis atau kerapatanTYAS23
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
24/32
The conversion unit of density:
SI unit of density is kg/m3
he other unit of density is g/cm3 and g/mL
TYAS24
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
25/32
Exercise 2
V
m
1. alculate the density of the stone from the figure above.
2. We say that density of alcohol is 0.8 g/cm3. This also can written as..
kg/m3
3. A piece of zinc has a mass of 71 g and a volume of10 cm3 . What is the
density of zinc?4. Iron has a density of 7.9 g/ cm3 what is the mass of 200 cm3 of iron?
5. A rectangular box has dimensions of10 cm by 15 cm by 20 cm. It has a
mass of 24 kg. What is the density of the box in gr/cm3?
6. Ten identical steel balls were immersed in a measuring cylinder
containing 20 cm3 of water. The reading of the water level rose to 50cm3. If the density of steel is 9.0 g/cm3, what is the mass of one ball?
7. The density of iron is 7,900 kg/m3. A ship made of iron has
mass of15,800 kg. What is the volume of the ship in m3?
270 g
50 cm3
20 cm3
TYAS25
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
26/32
8. A bottle full of water has a mass of 45 g. When it is filled up
with an unknown liquid, X, it mass is 360 g. If the mass
of the empty bottle is 20 g. alculate the density ofunknown liquid, X.
TYAS2
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
27/32
27
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
How does an object float (mengapung) or sink (tenggelam)
in the water?
compared the density of an object with density of water
Density of water
water= 1 g/cm3
= 1000 kg/m3
The oil in this beaker is
layered on top of the
water because it is less
dense (kurang rapat) than
the water. Similarly, the
cork floats on the oil
because it is less dense
than either the oil or the
water.
ork (gabus)
Oil
Water
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
28/32
TYAS
Example 1
28
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
29/32
29
MENU
www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com
Exercise 3
1. Four students do an experiment and the result is shown by the following
table:
Objects which made from the same matter is measured by students.
a. A and B b. and D c. A and d. B and D
2. Students do experiment with the following apparatus.
From result of experiment like in the figure, the density of stone isa. 3.42 g/cm3 b. 4.02 g/cm3 c. 4.58 g/cm3 d. 4.62 g/cm3
3. What is the density of the object beside
if the mass of object is 300 grams??
a. 3.0 g/cm3 c. 15 g/cm3
b. 7.5 g/cm3 d. 320 g/cm3
Student Mass (gram) Volume (cm3)
A 38.4 48B 38.4 64
C 21.6 27
D 18.9 27
ml 85 ml
6015
0,5
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
30/32
1. Students are investigate a metal which they got in the road. To know the
kinds of that metal, they doing an experiment by measure mass and
volume like the figure below.
After they compared with data density of metal, the metal which found
is
A. Iron B. Gold . Silver D. Aluminum
2. An object with density of 800 kg/m3 and volume of 200 cm3. What is the
mass of that object?
A. 0.01
6 kgB
. 0.1
6 kg .1
.6 kg d.1
6 kg
Metal Density (k g/m)
Iron 7900
Gold 19300
Silver 10500
Aluminum 2700
CHALENGING QUESTION
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
31/32
-
8/7/2019 Tyas - Matter and its state 2011
32/32
The density of iron is 7,900 kg/m3. A ship
made of iron has mass of15,800 kg. What is
the volume of the ship in m
3
?Given: = 7,900 kg/m3
m = 15,800 kg
Question: V = ?
Solution:
3
3
2/7900
15800m
mkg
kgmV !!!
V
top related