tx history ch 21.1
Post on 20-May-2015
1.101 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 21: The Cattle Kingdom
Section 1: Early Cattle Ranching
Spanish Beginnings
• 1500s: Spanish had ranches firmly established in Mexico
• 1700s: Cattle moved northward to support missions in Rio Grande & San Antonio River Valleys
• Good climate & water supply
Spanish Beginnings
• First Texas Ranchers: Tejanos who brought knowledge of ranching from Mexico
•Brands—marks that made it possible to determine who owned Texas cattle
Spanish Beginnings
• Cattle drives—herding groups of cattle to market
• Cattle driven from South of Rio Grande to supply Spanish military outposts
• Driven from SE Texas to Louisiana
Spanish Beginnings
• Ranching spreads:
– East TX: near markets in New Orleans
– Central/South TX: rich prairies & moderate climates
Spanish Beginnings
•Cattle driven out of state:
–New Orleans
–California after discovery of gold
–Ohio
Spanish Beginnings
•Problems:
–Rustlers—thieves
–Access to markets
–Low population = low demand
The Texas Longhorns
•Longhorn—a cross between Spanish & English cattleBEVO—it’s what’s
for dinner!
The Texas Longhorns
• Strengths:
– Thrived on native grasses
– Could endure hot/cold
– Could eat prickly pear and survive on little water
– Resistant to Texas Fever
The Texas Longhorns
• “8 pounds of hamburger on 800 pounds of bone and horn.”
• Horns provided protection
The Texas Longhorns
•Texas cattle grew during the Civil War because Union blockades made it difficult to move cattle out of state
top related