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TRIZ: Теория решения изобретательских задач Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TIPS)
Present your self:
To be able to develop strong solutions!!!
=
Evolution
Where inspiration comes from?
There are Big and small problems
A writing desk that is uncomfortable,
or a noisy office
overcrowded cities, traffic roadsovercrowded cities, traffic roads
Houses with no room for washing machinesHouses with no room for washing machines
Piles of useless tires
Nevertheless,life gradually becomes more and more comfortable, annoying problems are solved and stop disturbing us
Life is more comfortable than 20 years ago
Innovtion is elegant solutions
for common problems
Innovtion is elegant solutions
for common problems
Simplicity is the Clue
Solutions must be
Elegant toimpact
Solutions must be
Elegant toimpact
¿What is TRIZ?Systematic Innovation
• TRIZ is a methodology, tool set, knowledge base, and model-based technology for generating innovative ideas and solutions for problem solving
What is TRIZ?
TRIZ is a TRIZ is a methodology methodology
propoused by propoused by
Genrich AltshullerGenrich Altshuller
Somebody somewhere had resolved this problem Already
Somebody somewhere had resolved this problem Already
The mayor evolution trends were repeated through different
applications
The mayor evolution trends were repeated through different
applications
The mayor evolution trends were repeated through different
Industries & Systems
The mayor evolution trends were repeated through different
Industries & Systems
You Need to be able to see the forest & the treesYou Need to be able to see the forest & the trees
TRANSFORM THINKING
•Solve problems•Improve products•Redesign Operations•Understand people
TRIZ applications:
• Principle Matrix: • 39 Parameters • 40 inventive principles
• Analysis field – substance (76 standard solutions)
• Separation of field and space (76 standard solutions)
• Physic Effects and laws
TRIZ structure:
Basic Steps for applying TRIZ:
1. Contradictions stated
2. Define the ideal final result
3. Translate to parameters (39 features)
4. Find the inventive principles at the Matrix
5. Analyze the principles that could help
6. Use principles to propose solutions
1 Principle: Segmentation
• Painless injection:
Japan 2003: While injecting, it makes but a small cut and practically does not cause pain.
Contradiction:
Have constant flow in a syringe needle W/O harm to the nerves.
Solution: 200 silicon superfine needles in a patch
Examples: 2nd Princple: Extract
Extract only the part that is necessary:
a) iwaycard: trasmits the photos directly to the ipod without itunes or a computer.
b) Mosquito Repeller:
Extract sound from a predator and cast it.
Principle 5: Merging• Combine TV and Mirrors:
a) Will save wall space
b) Have the image while
brushing or shaving
Principle 21: Rushing through
• Sterilizing potatoes• A potato can rot due to naturally-occurring bacteria on its
surface. Heat kills the bacteria, but too much heat will cook the potato as well.
• If the potatoes are exposed to a flame at 500-850 degrees C for a short duration (4 to 8 seconds), the surface bacteria will be destroyed while the inside of the potato is
unaffected.
Principle 26: copy
• MRI: Without opening the head we can have an image of it. We copy the content to an image and we can assume that we see inside a head
Case 1:
• Parents often encounter the following problem - shoes bought for a child become too small for him or her in a month or so. It is necessary either to buy new shoes or to buy too big shoes
• Superficial Contradiction: feet grows but shoes does not.
• Parameters:
Exercise: Find the parameters !!!
Case 1:
• Reality: parameter could be from 3, 5 or 7 vs
3-8, the matrix only allows : 3 vs 5 or 3 vs 7
5 vs 7 or 8 vs 7
Constraint: one element should be in movement because we walk.
Translate to parameters/ ideal
• Ideal Result:
To have less shoe expenses (Count-cost), with comfortable shoes for teenagers
• Contradiction (intensified contradiction):
Length of the moving object (feet) is not supported by the volume of a static object
(Shoe).
tharm
benefitSolution
cos
Exaggerate the problem: ideality
tharm
benefitSolution
cos
benefit: Buy shoes only due to fashion issues not due to change of size
cost: The shoe must have a similar manufacturing cost or less and reduce the frequency of purchase
harm: Do not force the feet causing orthopedic problems
Inventive principles• 3 vs 5: 15. Dynamics / 17.Another Dimension/ 4. Asymmetry
• 3 vs 7 : add 7 17 4 35
Idea Generation: Exercise
Take a principle
Give ideas
Choose ideas
ResourcesResources
Vote for the best
Make a plan for implementation
*Dynamization
So far, so Good?
• 5 min for questions and loud thinking.
Contradiction: • I want to know everything that my kids do, but I don't know
everything that my kids do.
• I want to have any tool by hand, but I do not want to have inventory or walk around heavy
• I want to eat as much as I want but I don't want to get fat
Type of contradictions
• 3 types of contradictions:
Physical: A and anti- A. A-A Technical: A but B A+BHuman : A despite B A
Recommended tools.Physical: Separation of space of time +76 solutions
Technical: Matrix of contradictionsHuman: Soft system methodologies
Technical A but B (Trade off)
• If a boat gaing weight, it looses the hability to float
• Si agrego desmoldante a una pieza plástica pierdo adherencias de un pegamento en un proceso posterior
• If I ask for more information "the system" will be stressed out, if I don't ask for information I loose clarity of the problem
Physical contradiction: A anti A
I want passionate employees but I want objective employees
Human contradiction: A despite B
I will get married with or without your
or even despite of you
Contradictions:
• Classify these contradictions: Physical, Technical or Human
*I had a rise even when my targets were not met
*I want to have free access but I don't want anyone else to enter to my home
*I want to have a healthy life & a great look but I don't want to exercise
•Improve the power of a vacuum cleaner will
increase the cleaning quality but leads to
increasing noise & weight
•We need increase communication face to face
But we do not have the same time available
during the day to hold a meeting
Excercise:
Exercise: • My most important machine of Bangalore's
location fails continuously.
The electrical system is changed every time a shortage appears because the supplier sells the system as a whole spare part.
Solve this problem using TRIZPrinciple 1
Technical Contradiction : A but B
Technical contradiction:• I want by daughter to rollerskate but I do not
want her to get hurt
34 vs 1035 vs 30
Principle 11
Technical : A but B
Generic problem
My solutionMy problem
Generic Solution
Ariz: algorithm
Algorithm of ARIZ
Using ARIZ
Ideal Final Result
GenericSolution
GenericContradiction
Or system
ARIZ: algorithm to solveproblems
Theory
Real World Translate Translate
Recources
TRIZ applied to contradictions
Technical Contradiction
A but B
PhysicalContradiction
A and Anti A
HumanContradiction
A despite B
Or just to pop-up Ideas
Problem Solving:
Product Improving:
Innovation In functionality
Industry examples• Screwing without residuals of material because some flashes caused a Okm failure
(23. Loss of material vs 31. Object-generated harmful factors )
Innovation Principles out of the 40 Main Group:
10 Preliminary actions1. Segmentation34. Discarding and recovering29. Pneumatics and hydraulics
16 Ideas for a change Of How
Solve the issue in 45 Minutes
Technical Contradiction : A but B
Descripción del Problema:
Contradicción:
Contradicción en parámetros:
Principios Sugeridos o Soluciones estándar:
Si lo convierto en un problema genérico¿A que se parece este problema?
¿Quien pudo resolverlo ya?
IFR: (resultado ideal final)
tharm
benefitSolution
cos
Ideas de Solución:
Solución propuesta y siguientes pasos:
ARIZ: Algoritmo de Solución de TRIZ
Usando el mínimo de recursos
Industry examples
TRIZ and Common sense (México)
Divide y venceras 1. Segmentacion
La union hace la fuerza 5. Consolidacion
Hombre precabido vale por dos 10. Accion previa
Al mal paso darle prisa 21. Rushing through
Si no puedes con el
enemigo, unetele! 22. Hurt in benefit
Mas vale una colorada
Que 100 descoloridas3. Calidad local
Define the system (TRIZ: Field substance)
• S: Substance• F: Filed The nail is a substance
(Subject)
The wood is a substance(Object)
Force is needed to Push the nailInto the wood
(Action)
Define the system (TRIZ: Field substance)
Energy Tools Are substance
Armis substance
MechanicalTransfer
Examples of physical contradiction:
•I have a wire that is used to pass current through a roll That wire cuts the isolating material in some of the rolls because is
too thin nevertheless the wire can't be wider
Because is too expensive
Draw the substance field of the system: Steps
• A. Draw the substance: Subject-object
• B. Draw the fields: Actions over substance
• C. Conect both classifing the action according to the table
Substance field: Wire
S1: Wire
S3: Source ofElectric energy
S4:Wireing Holdingdevice
S2:foam
F2: Mechanical force
F1: Electrical Current
Where we should work?
Generic solution: Separation in time & Space
Separation in time Or space:
Change where the forceIs applied
Change when the force is applied
Ideal Final Result
GenericSolution
GenericContradiction
Or system
Theory
Real World Translate Translate
Recources
S1: Wire
S2:foam
F2: Mechanical force
Have no Effect
Over the foam
With no additionalCost
Space - time
• Separation in space
• Separation in time
• Separation between the whole system and its parts
• Separation based on different conditions
Descripción del Problema o Reto inicial
Contradicción:
Contradicción en parámetros:
Principios Sugeridos o Soluciones estándar:(Diagrama de Espacio tiempo)
Si lo convierto en un problema genérico¿A que se parece este problema?
¿Quien pudo resolverlo ya?
IFR: (resultado ideal final)
tharm
benefitSolution
cos
Ideas de Solución:
Solución propuesta y siguientes pasos:
ARIZ: Algoritmo de Solución de TRIZ
Usando el mínimo de recursos
Examples of physical contradiction:
•The holding wire must be thick in order to withstand the pulling force and the wire must be thin to minimize the
force (that cuts the roll) and reduce material consumption
Separation in time & Space : thin but in the begining and end
Needle eye:
• It is difficult to pass a thick thread through the small eye of a needle. We can formulate the following physical contradiction to represent this situation: A needle must have a large eye to facilitate insertion of the thread, and must have a small eye for convenient sewing.
• By separating the contradiction in time this problem can be formulated as follows: the eye must be large while the thread is inserted, and must be small during sewing,
Time & Space : Define the Initial Challenge
Element / Function
Before Now After
Supra
System
Sub-system
Descripción del Problema:
Contradicción: Human A despite B
Contradicción en parámetros:
Principios Sugeridos o Soluciones estándar / tools:
Si lo convierto en un problema genérico¿A que se parece este problema? ¿Quien pudo resolverlo ya?
IFR: (resultado ideal final)
tharm
benefitSolution
cos
Ideas de Solución:
Solución propuesta y siguientes pasos:
Human Contradiction Case (Example)
Usando el mínimo de recursos
Los operadores toman decisiones extraordinarias aunque les hayamos dado instrucciones precisas
•Queremos que los operadores tomen las decisiones correctas, en el momento que se enfrenten a una falla o falla potencial y se encuentre una solución (Ellos o el equipo de ingeniería) de manera sólida y rápida
No hay disciplina en piso de producción Y cada departamento tiene su percepción
21.Feedback 30. Tensión / StressPrincples suggested: 12 24 15 + 13Interfaces
Andon a la lineaIngenieros a la lineaSMS de auxilioEtc, 76 Ideas de reaccion
Nombre
a) Reporte de FallasCategoria
1
Problema
¿Que? ¿Que tiene de malo? ¿Dónde está el problema? ¿Cuanto está afectado? 10/24/2008 8:11
Impacto Tiempo de paro en minutos
b) Registro de Fallas Cantidad afectada 16:22:31
Numero de parte Tiempo de respuesta:
Tipo de material
Causaso acuerdos
notificaciones
Quien asisito?
Sistema de Reaccion
*Campo mandatorio
Envia correos
Registra el caso
*Guarda este archivo en blanco como respaldoCada mes haz una copia y guardala con diferente nombre
Tools: perception mapping contradiction solving
Human Contradiction:
• En vez de pensar que no queremos que tomen decisiones, queremos que tomen MAS decisiones pero de manera correcta (13. 'The other way around' )
• Solution: Gossip! Dinos todo (de acuerdo a un catalogo) Si el equipo encuentra una discrepancia en la solucion o modo de actuar, retralimenta
El operador identifica fallas /
Fallas potenciales
ingeniería hace una base de conocimiento y la usa para
solucionar sus broncas
Aplica un filtro de retroalimentacion
Ingeniería retroalimenta al
operador que se hizo y por que razon
Reporta Fallas potenciales
A
B
E
D
C
Y-M-B-Q
Falta comunicaciony/o
Retroamlimentacion
14
No entiendo que hago o que me están pidiendo
D
No se que es una falla
E
Si es una falla me avisarán
“Me arrisesgo”
Z
Rutina nos hace confiarnos
C
A nadie le afecta si lo hago de una manera u
otra mientras este hecho
I
Falta de capacitacion
11
Hay cambios y no informaron a todos
No hay consecuencias De los actos
malos
No sabía que iba a repercutir con el
cliente
N
Excesiva Tolerancia a
defectos
P
Descuido del operador
Traigo la mente en otro lado y no me
fijoPi
Tengo PrisaPor que necesito
cubrir el Rate
12
Cambios repentinos en la
produccion
Hi
Las cosas cambian y está
bien si se quiere sacar el embarque
Me di cuenta de una falta de un compañero pero
no dije nada
No hay confianza en el equipo de
trabajo
10
Decepción ante Malas decisiones
No aviso si falla algo
Hay seguimiento deficiente al FPY
(Aparentes y reales)
Validar fallas aparentes
No se transmiten los tips para evitar
aparentes
Me hace falta personal para
correr
Hay problemas entre operadores,
problemas internos del equipo
Favoritismos del supervisor
Falta Bono de los operadores
DesmotivacionCambio de supervisor
ImprovisoNo hay lo que se
necesita
No hay acciones efectivas a
materiales con defectos
Hacer Pokayokes
Si lo hago mal se repara
Fue aceptado una vez y se quedó como opcion
No seguimos los instructivos tal y
como se dice que se debe de hacer
Por que tuve una instruccion verbal diferente y de una figura de autoridad
Por que lo se hacer mejor
O encontre una manera mas facil o mas comoda
Principles:• 1. Segmentation
2. Taking out 3. Local Quality 4. Asymmetry 5. Merging 6. Universality 7. 'Nested doll' 8. Anti-weight 9. Preliminary anti-action 10. Preliminary action 11. Beforehand cushioning 12. Equipotentiality 13. 'The other way around' 14. Spheroidality 15. Dynamics 16. Partial or excessive actions 17. Another dimension 18. Mechanical vibration 19. Periodic action
20. Continuity of useful action21. Skipping 22. Hurt in benefit23. Feedback 24. 'Intermediary' 25. Self-service 26. Copying 27. Cheap short-living 28. Mechanics substitution 29. Pneumatics and hydraulics 30. Flexible shells and thin films 31. Porous materials 32. Color changes 33. Homogeneity 34. Discarding and recovering 35. Parameter changes 36. Phase transitions 37. Thermal expansion 38. Strong oxidants 39. Inert atmosphere 40. Composite material
Recources:
• Substance recources: Waste, cheap material, avilable material
Time recources: Parallel operations, Pre-post work
Knoweledge recources: data, information
Field recources: energy in the system, environment
Space recources: Another dimension, nesting,empty spaces,Functioanl recources: Harmful functions, primary & secondary
effects
Some ideas to keep in mind:
• Self Compensating • Sel alining • Self adjusting• Self cleaning• Self balancing• Self heating• Self repairing• Self organizing• Self assesing• Self correcting , etc
Excercise the principles:What are the mayor problems in your field
What principle is used?
• The fresh plant in your kitchen: UV light
Which problem is solving?
What principle is used?
DELUXE BAGLE SLICER
Which problem is solving?
What principle is used?
Quickly organize any drawer with this expanding kitchen utensil organizer which adjusts from 11 1/2" to 20" to fit most drawers.
Which problem is solving?
What principle is used?
Trousser rack
Design new featured productUsing TRIZ
Objective
Procter and Gamble clothing detergent Clean Clothes
Brithish Encyclopedia Books Knowladge validation
¿What we do?Define the objective of the product / business
What we do?
• Define your function in terms of functionality
IDEALLY WHAT YOU DO?
WHAT YOUR CUSTOMERS NEED YOU TO DO?
WHAT TRENDS ARE OBVIOUS IN THE MARKET?
What we have?
tharm
benefitSolution
cos
Recources availableWe want more of the good thing: what we have that is good (Keep it)We want less of the bad things: remove bad things
Basic Steps to innovate using TRIZ:
To have in mind: o Solution depends to the exploratory method:
o Evolution paths must be found in the product, industry and in the environment
Guided tour Going where you want to
Toothbrush: o Identify the function to improve: Cleaning the mouth
o Identify Constraints and variants (budget, market, etc):
All family members must be able to use it
We won't invest in new machinery
It has to look like a traditional toothbrush
Toxic or recycled materials are not allowed
o Research for evolution trends: Allow movement
Reach other places
Trends:
Map the process using a treeby function and trend
Info unit + Tend +Transform• Identify information unit function unit
• Identify (what and when) a transformation took place
Cleaning tooth in the front:(Facing out)
Cleaning tooth in the back:(Facing in)
Cleaning Gums
Cleaning Cheeks and tongue
INFORMATION UNIT Trend
Circular bristlesarrangement
for shine
Length of the lateral bristle increased
Whitening Chemical added
To bristles
Hard bristles to remove plaque
Top Bristles with an angle to remove
plaque
Change of holder To make the
movements easier
Insert a
back brush
Bristle Plastic
insertions
BOOM: Oral B 345c productcampaign
Buy pre Assembled
Whitening bristles
Color band for
Worn out notice
None
TRANSFORMATION
Catalog with inventive principles
Cleaning tooth in the front:(Facing out)
In the back:(Facing in)
Cleaning Gums
Cleaning Cheeks and tongue
INFORMATION UNIT Trend
Circular bristlesarrangement
for shine
Length of the lateral bristle increased
Whitening Chemical added
To bristles
Hard bristles to remove plaque
Top Bristles with an angle to remove
plaque
Change of holder To make the
movements easier
Insert a
back brush
Bristle Plastic
insertions
BOOM: Oral B 345c productcampaign
Buy pre Assembled
Whitening bristles
Color band for
Worn out notice
None
Example:
Analysis of trend
Tools for cleaning
Cleaning DeviceSemi-automatic
Automated Process.
Specialization
Soft Stick that fits The mouth
Stick with rectangular bristles
Element / Function
Toothbrush
Rectangular Made from
natural fibers
Fixed Plastic bristles Fixed Plastic
insertions
Combined
*Space Time Diagram
Past Present Future
Super systemAll cleaning devices
System
Subsystems
Vibration methodsUltrasonic cleaning
USE The inventive Principles
Toothbrush
BristlesMake your bristle
arrangement: Use the Inventive
Principles
Principles:• 1. Segmentation
2. Taking out 3. Local Quality 4. Asymmetry 5. Merging 6. Universality 7. 'Nested doll' 8. Anti-weight 9. Preliminary anti-action 10. Preliminary action 11. Beforehand cushioning 12. Equipotentiality 13. 'The other way around' 14. Spheroidality 15. Dynamics 16. Partial or excessive actions 17. Another dimension 18. Mechanical vibration 19. Periodic action 40. Composite material
20. Continuity of useful action21. Skipping 22. 'Blessing in disguise' 23. Feedback 24. 'Intermediary' 25. Self-service 26. Copying 27. Cheap short-living 28. Mechanics substitution 29. Pneumatics and hydraulics 30. Flexible shells and thin films 31. Porous materials 32. Color changes 33. Homogeneity 34. Discarding and recovering 35. Parameter changes 36. Phase transitions 37. Thermal expansion 38. Strong oxidants 39. Inert atmosphere40. Composite Material
Product – Material TrendsSmart Materialsspace SegmentationObject segmentationMacro to nano Webs and fibersDecrising densityAsymethryBoundary breakdownGeometric evolution DynamizationMono Poly Damping Sense interactionColour interactionTransparencycustomer purchase focusMarket evolutionDesign point Degrees of freedomBoundary breakdownTrimmingcontrollabilityHuman involvmentDesign methodologyReducing enery conversionsAction coordinationRythm coordinationNon linearity Mono Poly Macro Nano scale
tim
eS
pa
ceIn
terf
ace
Dynamization : Inmovible single point Single jointMultiple jointCompletely flexibleLiquid or GasField
Surface segmentation : Plain surfaceSmooth surface with prorusions in 2DRough surfaceRough surface with an active component
Market trends: • Individually vs Tribalism • Little luxuries• Women in to market• Third places between home and work• Sedentary life style• Obesity • Guilt• Being alive• Travel & Vacation• Life long Learning• Ubiquitous Computing• Virtual• Future Tense• Security and paranoia• Environmental awareness• Simplicity• More litigation
Which trend is present?• Tribal marketing n. A marketing strategy that attempts to create social groups or communities
that are centered around a product or service. The credo of tribal marketing is that postmodern people are looking for products and services that not only enable them to be freer, but can also
link them to others, to a community, to a tribe. Belong by choice
Which trend is present?
Which trend is present?
• Ubiquitous ComputingUbiquitous computing – Making many computers available throughout the physical environment,
while making them effectively invisible to the user. Ubiquitous computing is held by some to be the Third Wave of computing. The First Wave was many people per computer; the Second Wave was one person per computer. The Third Wave will be many computers per person.
Three key technical issues are: power consumption, user interface, and wireless connectivity.
Which trend is present?
DesinfectionFloor steamer
Air cleaner
Which trend is present?• Oldenburg calls one's "first place" the home and those that one lives
with. The "second place" is the workplace — where people may actually spend most of their time. Third places, then, are "anchors" of community life and facilitate and foster broader, more creative
interaction.
Find a Solution
• Save the titanic´s passangers and crew
• Organic Garbage that does not smell after days of storage
• Organize coins at the end of the day
Example of trend opportunity Graph
ResourcesResources
Market trends: • Individually vs Tribalism • Little luxuries• Women in to market• Third places between home and work• Sedentary life style• Obesity • Guilt• Being alive• Travel & Vacation• Life long Learning• Ubiquitous Computing• Virtual• Future Tense• Security and paranoia• Environmental awareness• Simplicity• More litigation
Principles for Managment
Contradictions:
• Classify these contradictions: Physical, Technical or Human
*I had a rise even when my targets were not met (Human)
*I want to have free access but I don't want anyone else to enter to my home (Physical)
*I want to have a healthy life & a great look but I don't want to exercise (Technical)
•Improve the power of a vacuum cleaner will
increase the cleaning quality but leads to
increasing noise & weight (Technical)
We need increase communication face to face
But we do not have the same time available
during the day to hold a meeting (Physical)
Solutions
•Garbage can possible solution:
• If you generate a lot of organic trash during the week, chances are your trashcan doesn’t smell the freshest after a few days. And if you happen to have a large family, your trashcan can probably can get down right funky in a short period of time. One concept designer, however, has a solution for the problem of stinky trash. Freeze it.
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