transitioning in africa
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Transitioning in AfricaEmily A. Simons
Analysis
Research Question By looking at various social, economic, and political indicators, analyze which currently failed
state is the most likely to transition. Thesis
A failed state can become a transitioning state if it increases its political legitimacy, economic domain, and social capacity by focusing on factors such as GDP, elections, regime type, and education.
Sources
Secondary Primary
States
Eritrea
Mauritania
Guinea Bissau
Brunei
EritreaMauritania
Guinea Bissau
Elements of Transition
Social Treatment of women in society Education
Economical Exports GDP
Political Elections Regime Type
Political Factors
Political FactorsEritrea Mauritania Guinea Bissau Brunei
Regime Type Authoritarian Presidential Regime
Military Junta Republic Constitutional Sultanate
Political Allies EthiopiaSomalia
UN, OAU, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, France, Japan, Iraq, Italy, Germany, Romania, the United States, and China.
United States Russia, United States, China
Elections No Elections High voter turnout (74%)
Average voter turnout (63%)Too many elections
No Data
Most Likely to Transition
Mauritania
Connection to the Western World
Suffrage
Desire for Democracy
1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014
Eritrea - 168.9 223.4 192.5 281.4 451.4 754.9
Mauritania 503.8 580.5 539 459.1 938 1,207.8 1,275
Guinea Bissau 231 448.9 163.8 303 369 518.6 567.8
Brunei 13,701.9
14,220.6 12,784.8
17,016.9
31,157 31,453 41,344
Econmic Factors GDP Per Capita
Exports
Eritrea
Mauritania
Guinea Bissau
Brunei
Exports of the United States
Most Likely to Transition
Mauritania
Higher GDP
Government Regulations
Use of Resources
Social Factors
Global Gender Gap Report
Eritrea N/A Mauritania 129 out of 142 Guinea Bissau 132 out of 142 Brunei 98 out of 142
Literacy Rates
Literacy Rate Overall Ranking (out of 216)
Eritrea 68.9% 178
Mauritania 58.6% 192
Guinea Bissau 55.3% 199
Brunie 95.4% 96
Most Likely to Transition
Mauritania
Education
Literacy Rates
Gender Equality in the Workplace
Who will transition?
Eritrea• “North Korea of
Africa”• Closed off from
the rest of the world
Guinea Bissau• Good voter
turnout and treatment of women in society
• Agricultural based too many elections
Mauritania• Relations with
other states• High citizen
participation
Works Cited
Barrington, Lowell W. Comparative Politics: Structures and Choices. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning, 2009. Print.
Bates, Robert H. When Things Fell Apart: State Failure in Late-century Africa. New York: Cambridge UP, 2008. Print.
Connell, Dan. "Strategies For Change: Women & Politics In Eritrea & South Africa." Review Of African Political Economy 25.76 (1998): 189. Business Source Complete. Web. 15 Oct. 2015. http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=3&sid=198f3158-2a54-43b3-bc10-5e66eda67660%40sessionmgr112&hid=116&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=911132&db=bth
"Economies." Global Gender Gap Report 2014. World Economic Forum, n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2015. <http://reports.weforum.org/global-gender-gap-report-2014/economies/#economy=GNA>.
Ghani, Ashraf, and Clare Lockhart. Fixing Failed States: A Framework for Rebuilding a Fractured World. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2008. Print.
"Human Rights." Brunei Country Review (2011): 36-38. Business Source Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2015. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=58480582&site=ehost-live
Works Cited
"Human Rights." Guinea Bissau Country Review (2011): 52-54. Business Source Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2015. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=58489601&site=ehost-live
Müller, Tanja R. "Education For Social Change: Girls’ Secondary Schooling In Eritrea." Development & Change 37.2 (2006): 353-373. Business Source Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2015. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=20928617&site=ehost-live
"Social Overview." Guinea Bissau Country Review (2005): 61. Business Source Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2015. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=15142480&site=ehost-live
"Social Overview." Mauritania Country Review (2005): 65. Business Source Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2015. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=15237895&site=ehost-live
"Status Of Women." Mauritania Country Review (2013): 146-148. Business Source Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2015. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=87849462&site=ehost-live
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