topic 5 fire fighng system & fire escape requirements

Topic5FireFigh-ngSystem&

FireEscapeRequirements

PrinciplesofFireProtec-onRequirementsforLargerandTaller

BuildingsInMalaysia

References:1.  UniformBuildingByLaw;Part

VII&VIII

2.  GuidetoFireProtec-oninMalaysiabyDato’HamzahbinAbuBakar

FireSafetyPhilosophy–UBBL1984

•  LifeSafetyisUl-mateinBuildingDesign;lifesafetyofoccupantsofbuildingsmustbetheprimeconsidera-onandthiscanbeachievedbyminimumfireprotec-oninrespectofthevariousbasicaspectsof:

Basicaspectstoensuresafetyofbuildingoccupants:

•  Meansofescapeforoccupants/evacua-on

•  Spreadoffirewithinthebuilding,fromonebuildingtoanother/

passivecontainment

•  Meansofdetec-onandex-nguishmentoffire;ac-veinterven-on&

accessforfirefigh-ngandrescue

• 

Issue

•  Thelargerthespace,thegreateristhepoten-alfirerisksandthegreaterthelikelyfireloss,however…….

itdevelopmentsitiso\ennecessarytoincreasethebuildingheightofbuildingsorthefloorareatoobtainprofitablereturnofinvestment

BuildingConsideredasAWhole

•  Passive•  Ac-ve

FireProtec-on

BuildingConsideredAsaWholeTherequirementofadequatemeansofescapeisaninexactscienceandmayvaryindifferenttypesof:•  occupant•  usage•  process•  buildingtypes•  buildingheights

PassiveFireProtec-onPartVIIUBBL

Buildingsaredesignatedintocatergorizesaccordingtoit’suse:PurposeGroup

Fi\hScheduleUBBL–PurposeGroupI‐VIII

purposeforwhichthebuildingorcompartmentisintendedtobeused

‐  GroupI–III;groupswithresiden-alelementsi.e.thereissleepingaccomoda-on(extradangerintheeventoffire)

‐  GroupIV–VIII;nosleepingaccomoda-on

Designa-onofpurposegroup

•  Everybuildingistohaveoneoveralldesigna-on•  Whereabuildingisdividedintocompartments,usedor

intendedtobeusedfordifferentpurposes,thepurposegroupofeachcompartmentshallbedeterminedseperately

•  Individualcomponentsofbuildingdifferentusagefromoverallmustbedesignedtoaccommodatethemorestringentrequirementandwheretheserequirements‘spill’intootherpartsofthebuiliding,themorestringentrequirementapplies

Howpurposegroupinfluencesfireprotec-onrequirement

Fifth Schedule: Purpose Group

6TH Schedule: Permitted Limits

of Unprotected

Openings

7TH Schedule: Maximum Travel

Distance

Calculation of Occupant Load & Capasity of Exits

8TH Schedule : Ristriction of Flame

Spread Over Walls & Ceilings

9TH Schedule : Limit of

Compartment & Min Periods of Fire Resistance for Elements of Structure

10TH Schedule : Table of

Requirement For Active Fire

Protection

Limitsofdimensions

•  Sprinklershavebeenproventobeamosteffec-veformoffirecontrol

•  Itprovidesearlysuppressionandcontainmentsystem

•  Extendstheevacua-on-me•  Consequentlythelimitsofdimensionsforareasandvolumnsinbuildingsandcompartmentswhicharewithsprinklersystemareallowedtobedoubled

Atrium

•  Alargevoluma-cspacecreatedbyaflooropeningoraseriesofflooropeningsconnec-ontwoormorestoriesandisusedforpurposesotherthananenclosedstairway,elevatorhoistway,escalatoropening,

u-litysha\forplumbing,electrical,aircondi-oningorcommunica-onfacili-es

FireAppliancesAccess

Vehicularaccesstotheexteriorofabuildingisneededto:

•  enablehighreachappliancese.g.turntableladdersandhydraulicplaeormstobeusedand

•  Enablepumpingappliancestosupplywaterandequiptmentforfirefigh-ngandrescueac-vi-es

Bombaaccesstobuilding