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Title
Adapting to climate change: measuring progress
Adaptation Sub-Committee Progress Report 2011
Lord Krebs Kt FRS14 July 2011
2
Extreme weather events are in the headlines
Adaptation Sub-Committee
Established by Climate Change Act 2008 to:• advise on preparedness of UK
for climate change• monitor progress in adaptation
Dr Andrew Dlugolecki
Lord John KrebsChairman
Prof Tim Palmer
Prof Anne Johnson
Sir Graham Wynne
Dr Sam Fankhauser
Prof Martin Parry
Prof Jim Hall
3
ASC’s second progress report
4
• Measuring progress in adaptation (indicators)
• Focus on three priority areas
• Advise on Climate Change Risk Assessment (CCRA)
www.theccc.org.uk/reports
5
ASC ladder: indicators of preparedness
Vulnerability to current climate and
future climate
Uptake of low-regret actions
Accounting for climate change in
long-term decisions
Indicators: development in flood risk areas
6
Type Indicator Trend
Impact Insurance claims for weather related causes
Vulnerability New dwellings built in areas of high flood risk
Action Uptake of resilience measures in new build
Builds on original work by AEA Technology (2011) for ASC
7
Focus of the second report
Land use planning
Managing water resources
Design and renovation of residential buildings
Providing national infrastructure
Managing natural resources
Designing and renovating buildings
Emergency planning
Land use planning
ASC’s adaptation priorities Assessed in this report
8
Land use planning
Development in flood risk areas continues
9
River/coastal flood risk areasSurface water flood risk areasAll areas
Source: Arup (2011) for ASC
Chan
ge 2
001
– 20
11 (%
)
Hard surfacing is increasing at expense of urban greenspace
10
Natural area
Mixed use
Man-made surfaces
Source: Arup (2011) for ASC
% C
hang
e in
200
1 –
2011
Use of flood protection measures in new buildings
11
Source: Arup (2011) for ASC
Increased protection from flood defences
12
Source: Environment Agency (2011)
Addi
tiona
l hou
seho
lds
prot
ecte
d
But residual flood risk still increasing in sampled locations
13
Source: Arup (2011) for ASC
% C
hang
e in
dev
elop
ed a
rea
Environment Agency Flood risk category
14
Managing water resources
Security of water supply has improved, but with continued environmental cost
15
Source: From data reported to Ofwat (‘June returns’).
Secu
rity
of s
uppl
y in
dex
16
Source: ASC calculations based on revised Water Resource Management Plans 2009.
Without adaptation, there could be deficits in some parts of country
10 – 20% deficit
20 – 30% deficit
>30% deficit > 30% surplus
20 – 30% surplus
10 – 20% surplus
0 – 10% deficit 0 – 10% surplus
Zones in deficit or surplus (2035)
17
Water companies plan a mix of supply and demand measures to close the gap
Thames Water preferred plan
Source: ASC presentation of Thames Water data extracted from WRMP
Current projected demand
Reduced leakage
Reduced leakage + demand
Mill
ions
of l
itres
There is scope to increase action on demand
18
Our economic analysis suggests that it is cost-effective to reduce demand to 115 litres per person per day in the South East
Uncertainty is not fully factored in to water resource planning
19
Source: Atkins (2011) for the ASC and Thames Water.
Projected deficits
Adaptation pathways
medium low
2050s medium
2080s high
Groundwater
Pathway 3Pathway 3
Pathway 1
Pathway 2
high
2020s
Deficits
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Designing and renovating buildings
Low-regret opportunities for adaptation – water efficiency measures
New build
End-of-life upgradeRetrofit
Cost
-ben
efit r
atio
Rain water system Grey water system
Dual-flush WC
Ml/year
New build package at zero additional cost: 115 l/person/day
Source: Davis Langdon (AECOM) (2011) for the ASC
85 l/person/ day standard
End-of-life upgrade at zero additional cost: Low-flow shower, taps, WC
Click-lock taps
Low-waterwashing machine
1
Summary of headline messages
22
UK is coping with current climate variabilitySome sectors are near the limits and vulnerability is likely to increase
Low-regret actions could be taken now
Long-term decisions not fully incorporating climate adaptation
Opportunities for National Adaptation Programme
22
ASC Priority Key Barriers Opportunities
Land use planning
• Not accounting for long –term costs
• Insufficient guidance
• Localism Bill• National Planning
Policy Framework
Managing water resources
• Planning not factoring in full range of climate uncertainties
• Weak signals to encourage sustainable abstraction
• Water White Paper• Price Review 2014
Design and renovation of residential buildings
• Lack of information, available capital or incentives
• Future reviews of Building Regulations
• Green Deal
Adaptation Sub-Committeehttp://www.theccc.org.uk
24
25
Increase in area of buildings in area of flood risk (2001 – 2011) Decrease in area of buildings in area of flood risk (2001 – 2011)
East Riding Kingston-upon-Hull
Source: Arup (2011) for ASC
Development in flood risk areas continues
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