tissue culture 3
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Cell Culture Equipments Basic Equipments
■ Cell culture hood (i.e., laminar-flow hood or biosafety cabinet)
■ Incubator (humid CO2 incubator recommended)
■ Water bath
■ Centrifuge
■ Refrigerator and freezer (–20°C)
■ Cell counter
■ Inverted microscope
■ Liquid nitrogen (N2) freezer
■ Sterilizer (autoclave)
How does laminar hood flow work?
■ laminar flow is the case occurs when a fluid or air flows in
parallel layers, with no disruption between the layers.
■ Laminar flow hoods are used to exclude contaminants by
passing a sterile air from inside to outside.
Incubator Incubator is a device used to
grow and maintain cell
cultures. The incubator
maintains optimal
temperature, humidity and
other conditions such as
the carbon dioxide (CO2)
and oxygen content of the
atmosphere inside.
■ The purpose of the incubator is to provide the appropriate
environment for cell growth.
■ The incubator should be large enough for your laboratory needs,
have forced air circulation, and should have temperature control .
■ Stainless steel incubators allow easy cleaning and provide
corrosion protection, especially if humid air is required for
incubation.
Types of Incubators Types of Incubators
There are two basic types of incubators, dry incubators and humid CO2
incubators.
■ Dry incubators are more economical, but require the cell cultures to
be incubated in sealed flasks to prevent evaporation. They do not
allow precise control of atmospheric conditions in the incubator.
■ Humid CO2 incubators are more expensive, but allow superior control
of culture conditions. They can be used to incubate cells cultured in
Petri dishes or multi-well plates, which require a controlled
atmosphere of high humidity and increased CO2 tension.
Centrifuge
A centrifuge is a piece of equipment
that puts an object in rotation
around a fixed axis (spins it in a
circle), applying a potentially strong
force (outward). The centrifuge
used for sedimentation of insoluble
substances.
Water bath freezer (–20°C)
Most cell culture reagents can be stored at –5°C to –20°C;. A
domestic freezer is a cheaper alternative to a laboratory freezer.
Cell counter or hemacytometer
■ Automated cell counters sample the culture, quantify,
classify, and describe cell populations using both
electrical and optical techniques.
■ A cell counter is essential for quantitative growth
kinetics.
Inverted microscope ■ An inverted microscope is
a microscope with its light source and condenser on the top, above the stage pointing down, while the objectives and turret are below the stage pointing up.
■ Inverted microscopes are useful for observing living cells at the bottom of a large container (e.g., a tissue culture flask) under more natural conditions than on a glass slide, as is the case with a conventional microscope.
Liquid nitrogen or cryostorage container
Liquid nitrogen
is nitrogen in a liquid state
at an extremely low
temperature.
Liquid nitrogen is
a cryogenic fluid that can
cause rapid freezing on
contact with living tissue.
Sterilizer (autoclave)
An autoclave is a pressure
chamber used to carry out
sterilization processes under
elevated temperature and
pressure .
■ Confocal microscope
Confocal microscopy is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical
resolution and contrast of a micrograph. It enables the reconstruction of three-
dimensional structures from the obtained images.
■ Flow cytometer
Flow cytometry is a laser-based, biophysical technology employed in cell
counting, cell sorting, biomarker detection and protein engineering, by
suspending cells in a stream of fluid and passing them by an electronic
detection apparatus.
Additional Supplies
■ • Cell culture vessels (e.g., flasks, Petri dishes, roller bottles,
multi-well plates)
■ • Pipettes and pipettors
■ • Syringes and needles
■ • Waste containers
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