this toxin causes “bathtub refinisher’s lung” and is the largest recognized cause of...

This toxin causes “bathtub refinisher’s lung” and is the largest recognized cause of

occupational asthma

Toluene di-isocyanate (TDI)

This pesticide is best known for its toxicity involving male

sterility

Dibromochloropropane ((DBCP)

Re: “Da Balls Can’t Produce”

Which solvent is associated with “degreaser’s flush” and trigeminal neuralgia?

Trichloroethylene

This intoxicant is a NTE inhibitor resulting in a sensory-motor

neuropathy. It is linked to large outbreak of cases in 1960

Morocco but better known for its link to Ginger Jake

Triorthocresyl phosphate (TOCP)

What is the leading cause of lung cancer behind tobacco

smoke?

Radon

What chemical has the smell of freshly mowed hay?

Phosgene

Name a metal that results in non-fibrogenic benign

pneumoconiosis with exposure

Tin (Stannosis)

Barium (Baritosis)

Iron (siderosis)

Calcium (Chalitosis)

Molybdenum

What chemical was this worker using that resulted in his acroosteolysis

Vinyl chloride

What is the most common medication associated with

hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Nitrofurantoin

Name the mushroom responsible for muscle

weakness 24-72 hrs after ingestion with massive CPK

elevations.

And a 25% mortality to boot!

Tricholoma equestre

What maternal chemical exposure may result in mental retardation and “cola-colored”

discoloration at birth?

PCBs

(remember Pepsi-Colored Babies)

Name the order of eliminationD

rug

Con

cen

tra

tion

Time (hrs)

Na

tura

l Lo

g (

ln)

Dru

g C

once

ntr

atio

nTime (hrs)

1st Order Elimination

Which metal is radiolucent on plain film radiograph?

Copper

Name the structure

Succimer (DMSA)

What chemical uses urine hippuric acid for biological monitoring during worker

exposure?

Toluene

What is the only organic phosphorus pesticide that possesses a significant

vapor hazard (i.e., has a high vapor pressure)?

Dichlorvos

Which natural toxin is responsible for amnestic

shellfish poisoning?

Domoic acid

(think Dumb-oic acid)

What is reported to be the most fatal plant species in North America (30-70% fatality

rate)?

Water Hemlock

Water Gate Candidate Scandal (Water hemlock, GABA,

Cicutoxin, Seizures)

What part of the action potential does this plant’s toxin effect?

Nerium oleander

Digitalis – cardiac steroid

Increases resting potential and effects phase 4 of the cardiac cycle = increases automaticity

What is the only form of poisoning caused by

bacterial contamination of the food?

Scombroid

(Histamine poisoning)

Scombroid

(Histamine poisoning)

Name the plant responsible for St. Anthony’s Fire and

ergotism

Claviceps purpurea

Name the term for the following definition:

“The maximum concentration of a chemical to which workers may be exposed continuously for up to 15

minutes without danger to health or work efficiency and safety”

STEL

(Short-term exposure limit)

Which sulfonylurea is associated with SIADH and

disulfiram reactions?

Chlorpropramide

Which antidysrhythmic has antimuscarinic properties and

causes hypoglycemia in overdose?

Disopyramide

Name two intoxicants (there are at least 4) that produce

metaphyseal bands on plain-film x-ray.

Lead (lead lines)

Yellow phosphorus

Bismuth

Hyervitaminosis D

Name two (there are at least 5) medications linked to lupus-

like syndrome

CHIMPChlorpropramide

HydralazineIsoniazid

MethyldopaProcainamide

Which plant species is an inducer of CYP3A4 isozyme?

St. John’s Wart

(Hypericum perforatum)

Most common cause of medication-induced contact

dermatitis

Neomycin

What is the biomarker for benzene exposure in workers?

Urine phenol

Name this plant. Bonus point for the mechanism of the toxin

Aconitum napellus

Toxin = Aconite - Na-channel

opener

What is the only medication-induced seizure that would

likely respond to phenytoin?

Aminopyridine

Name one toxin or xenobiotic (there are 3) that causes biventricular ventricular tachycardia in toxicity.

Extra point if you can name two.

Cardiac steroids (#1)

Aconitine

Halogenated hydrocarbons

Name the antidote for the following plaint poisoning

Physostigmine

Datura stramonium

Jimson weed, “Jamestown weed”, Devil’s apple, thronapple,

locoweed

Contains tropane alkaloids atropine, hyoscyamine,

scopolamine

Which NSAID is linked to aplastic anemia?

Phenylbutazone

Name the alkylating agent that causes hemorrhagic cystitis

and has MESNA as the antidote.

Cyclophosphamide

Name as many xenobiotics or chemicals for which urine

alkalinization (ion trapping) enhances drug elimination

Point for each

SalicylatesPhenobarbitalMethotrexate

ChlropropramideChlrophenoxy herbicides

Fluoride

Name the structure

Morphine

Name the most lethal cnidaria, (linked to death in minutes)

Carukia barnesi

Box jellyfish

What chemical is associated with Silo Filler’s Disease?

Nitric oxides (NO, NO2)

Name as many basal ganglia toxins as you can

Point for each (up to 4 points)

Carbon disulfide

Carbon monoxide

Manganese

Methanol

What is the remediation level for home radon set by the EPA?

4 pc/L

What is the OSHA permissible exposure limit (PEL) for

benzene?

1 ppm

Name four poisonings for which vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) could be used as an antidote. Point

for each up to 4 points

Isoniazid

Gyromitra esculenta

Hydrazines

Ethylene glycol

Name this mushroom responsible for delayed renal failure.Bonus point for the toxin.

Cortinarius orellanus

“False Chanterelle”

Orelline, orellanine

Name two plants that contain colchicine

Colchicum autumnale

Gloriosa superba

Name a commonly used anticonvulsant (there are two) that binds to the same site as batrachotoxin from the poison

dart frog (Phyllobates ssp.)

Phenytoin

Carbamazepine

Name two animals that contain tetrodotoxin

Puffer fish

Blue-ringed octopus

Toads of the genus Atelopus

Newts (rough-skinned, California)

Horseshoe crab

Name the chemical implicated in neonatal gasping syndrome.

Bonus point for the year it occurred.

Benzyl alcohol

1982

Which nerve agent has the shortest aging half-life?

Soman

Agent Odor Aging t½

– Sarin GB None 5 hrs– Soman GD Fruity 2 min– Tabun GA Almonds > 40 hrs– VX VX None < 40 hrs

Which antibiotic is associated with the development of

serotonin syndrome?

Linezolid