thema: the new, global subject classification scheme
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Thema
Julie Morris, BISG | Julie@bisg.orgThe NISO/BISG Changing Standards Landscape at ALA 2014 | June 27
© 2013, the Book Industry Study Group, Inc.
The new, global subject
classification scheme
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Agenda
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• What is Thema, and why does it matter?
• Thema as a subject categories list
• The global book trade
• Thema vs. BISAC: Structural Analysis
• What next?
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What is Thema,
and why do I care?
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What is Thema,
and why do I care? Thema is a new, unified subject classification scheme for print and digital books in the global trade.
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Subject Categories for Books in North America
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To facilitate innovation and shared solutions for the benefit of all companies
and practitioners that create, produce, and distribute published content, and the
organizations that support them…
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Standards and Best Practices
Research
Education and Events
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BISAC
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• subject classification system for books
• developed in 1990’s to standardize the
electronic transfer of subject information
among all trading partners
• used throughout North America
• for both print and digital books
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Who uses BISAC?
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• Amazon• Baker & Taylor• Barnes & Noble• Bookscan• Bowker• Indiebound• Indigo• Ingram • Most major publishers• Some libraries• Independent authors
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Why BISAC?
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• Discovery
• Cataloging
• Tracking (and predicting) sales
• Making informed purchasing decisions
Discovery: an example
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Five Billion Years of Solitude: The Search for Life Among the Stars by Lee Billings (Current, 2013)
Cosmos by Carl Sagan (Random House, 1980)
Discovery: an example
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* Taken from the title detail page for Five Billion Years of Solitude from booksandbooks.com (Cara Cara, FL)
BISAC: an example
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SCI 004000
Main Subject Category (SCIENCE)
Specific subject within category
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What is Thema,
and why do I care? Thema is a new, unified classification scheme for print and digital books in the global trade.
The problem
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The problem: Globalization!
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• Digital trade increases the need for communication among international trading partners
• Many international standards exist to support global book trade• ONIX• ISBN• ISNI• EPUB
• BISAC (and other national subject schemes) do not
Enter Thema
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•
Enter Thema
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•
Thema Governance
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International Steering Committee (governed by EDItEUR)
Technical CommitteeReview Committee
National Group
National Group
National Group
National Group
Thema National Groups
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• Canada – Booknet Canada and BTLF • Egypt - El Kotob • France – CLIL • Germany, Austria and Switzerland – MVB• Italy – Informazione Editoriali • Norway – Bokbasen • Spain – DILVE • Sweden – Bokrondellen • United Kingdom – BIC • United States – BISG
And the list is growing…
How can Thema help?
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• International standard for the global book trade• Reduce confusion• Increase discoverability across borders
• Reduce the need to map to among multiple national subject heading schemes• BIC• BISAC• CLIL…
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Thema countries: June 2014
Maps from www.presentationmagazine.com
Participating Organizations
• AIE• Amazon.co.uk• Australian PA• Baker & Taylor• Barnes & Noble• BIC• BISG• Bokrondellen• Booknet Canada• Bowker• BTLF• CB• Danish PA
• Dilve• Editis• Electre• Elkotob.com• Elsevier• Giant Chair• Guild of Book Dealers
(Russia)• Hachette• HarperCollins• Informazioni Editoriali• Ingram• IPA
• Japan Publishers Organisation
• Kobo• Kogan Page• Libri• MVB• NTCPDSAC (China)• Nielsen Book• Norske Bokdatabasen • NTCPDS China• Random House• Springer • Waterstones
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Global Thema Adoption Growing
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• China, Japan, Poland, Australia joined ISC since fall 2013.• Denmark and Korea currently evaluating Thema.• In the United Kingdom:
– Nielsen receiving Thema codes from at least one publisher
– several major IT vendors building Thema into their systems (Klopotek, Virtusales, Giant Chair)
• German Books in Print system (VLB) now including Thema codes in live data
Thema is live!
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• Version 1.0 released November 2013
• Sunrise date December 2013
• 2014 is the year for implementation!
What now?
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BISAC
ThemaBICCLIL
What now?
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• Will Thema replace BISAC?
What now?
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• Will Thema replace BISAC?
Eventually, yes (possibly)
But not yet…
What now?
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• BISG BISAC to Thema mapping released January 2014
• BookNet Canada and BISG BISAC to Thema Translator
• BIC to Thema mapping available
• Other mappings being developed
Implementation
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Implementation
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Five Billion Years…
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BISACSCI004000 Astronomy SCI005000 Physics/Astrophysics
ThemaPG Astronomy, Space & Time PHVB Astrophysics Five Billion Years of Solitude:
The Search for Life Among the Stars, by Lee Billings
BISAC vs. Thema: Structural Elements
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BISAC Thema• Subject Category (required in ONIX)
PHO021000 PHOTOGRAPHY / Commercial• Regional code (optional)1.1.2.2.0.0.0 LEVEL_4England• Merchandising code (optional)
EV080EVENT / Graduation
• Subject Category (required in ONIX)AJ Photography &
Photographs• Geographic Qualifiers
1HFGU Uganda• Language Qualifiers2ACSC Iceland• Time Period Qualifiers
3MD 16th Century• Educational Purpose Qualifiers4GH For International GCSE• Interest Qualifiers5AG Interest Age: from c 6 years• Artistic Style Qualifiers6BA Baroque
BISAC vs. Thema: Structural Elements
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BISAC Thema
• 51 Top-level subject categories• About 3950 total subject codes
+ Regional and Merchandising Themes
• 20 Top-level subject categories• About 2,500 total subject codes
• 6 Types of Qualifiers• Over 4,500 total codes
Thema: Structural Elements cont’d
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1. Subject Category codesCode English headingA The ArtsAJ Photography & PhotographsAJC Photographs: CollectionsAJCD Individual photographers
2. QualifiersCode English heading1 Geographic Qualifiers (do not use “1” alone)1D Europe1DD Western Europe1DDB Belgium1DD-BE-B Brussels1DD-BE-F Flanders
War and Peace
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BISACFIC004000 Fiction/ Classics FIC032000 Fiction/ War & Military1.6.16.0.0.0.0 LEVEL_3RussiaThemaFBC Classic fiction 1DTA Russia 3MNB Early 19th century c 1800 to c 1850FYT Fiction in translation [If in any language other than Russian]
War and Peace, by Leo Tolstoy
Thema: The rules
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1. First category used should be the primary subject
2. Classify as precisely as applicable, but as broadly as required
3. Assign as many categories as are required
4. Pay attention to scope notes and “see also” references
5. Add qualifiers whenever appropriate
6. Consider context, and audience
7. General codes need not be used in addition to more specific
codes within the same hierarchy
8. Not a rule but a guideline: no more than 5 each codes/qualifiers
should be necessary.
Find out more about Thema!
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• Download the official documentation from the EDItEUR site: http://www.editeur.org/151/Thema/
• Browse the Thema subject categories hierarchy: http://editeur.dyndns.org/thema/en
• Lookup Thema codes with the BISAC to Thema translator: http://bisactothema.biblioshare.org/
or purchase the complete mapping: https://www.bisg.org/publications/bisac-subject-headings-2013-edition
• Contact your national group with questions! http://www.editeur.org/153/maintenance-and-support#thema_ng_and_isc
39© 2012, the Book Industry Study Group, Inc.
Thank you!
Julie MorrisProject Manager, Standards and Best Practices
Book Industry Study Groupjulie@bisg.org@JN_Morris
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