the thermo-electric spark, obtained from a single pair of metallic elements

Part# and Brussels Railwayo~TheTmo.electrlc Spark. 71

wei'e discovered, which not only throw much new l ight on the early life and studies of our immor ta l countryman) b u t t e n d to refute the ground. less ru*mours ~'espeeting a temporary derangement of his mind in 1692, and t'o exal t , ' in the hi ghes~ degree, his moral and intellectual charac- t e r .~Mocn. Chron. June ~27.

Lon. & Ed. Philos. ~ag.

New Wa~gon Steam Drag.. Mr. Boydell, of Dee Cottage, near Chester, has invented a locomo.

t i re engine, which, when fixed to heavy waggons~ ~c., will propel them on common roads at a very rapid rate. I t was exhibited on Tu'esday., and elicited the strongest approbation from many scientific and practi- cal men who witnessed the trial, and minutely examined the machinery. I t is applicable to ploughs, which it propels with great ease and velocity.

Chester Courant.~Mec. Mag.

_Paris and Brussels Railway: The railway which has long been pro jec ted for unit ing the capitals

of France and Belgium,~at length bids fair to be commenced!in good earnesc~ The king of the French has iust granted to Mr. John Cock-

~' concesslon o[ erell, the celebrated English iron master of 'Leige, the • " '~ the railway for fifty years. The, French government is to advance ~5 per cent. of the cost, on the distance from Paris to the Belgian:Lfrontier; and Mr. Cockeril l is to be enti t led to all tolls and profits for the first half century, when, it is to be presumed, theworks wi l lhecome the o roper ty of the nat ion. The only condition with which the grant iz accompanied~ is. that the toll for the French 'por t ion of the rai lroad shall neve~c exceed ,fifteen francs, or 12s. 6d. The terms of concession were not agreed to until after the " high contractin~ parties~" Louis Phil ippe on one sid% and Mr. Cockeril l on the other, had had several personal interviews. The latter must be allowed t(~ possess a most adventurous.spir i t ; he was a severe sufferer by the revolution at Brussels in 1830; and yet~ i t seems~ is not deterred from ad.venturing his capital on a soil like that of France, which in .fifty .ydars may experience, probably, half as many revolutions.

~o Moo. Mag.

The T/~ermo-electric Spark, obtained from a eingle pair of Metallic Elements. By Ma. FaAs'bls WATKI~S.

Vv:ith a pair of metall ic elements, Consisting of 'one bismuth and one antimony, weighing each five grains , and measuring 0.5 ofa'n inch long, and 0.12 diameter, when their ex t remi t ieswere unequally heated, I have obtained, with a Henry ' s fiat ribbon coil, a ~ e r y percept ible and bril- liant spark.

Now I have pen in hand, permi t me to state that with thermo-piles [ actuate most of the apparatus usually employed for i l lustrat ing electro- magnetic ~phmnomena, so tha~ the public teacher may now show by the same apparatus . the several rotations, ~ c . , w i t h thermo-electricity, as he does with voltaic electr ici ty. Lon. & Ed. Philos, Mag.

72

Celestial Phenomena for dUarch 1838.

Angles rec, koned to t i le right or L U N A R O C C U L T A T I O N S F O R P H I L A D E L P H I A wes tward round the c i rc le , a s s e e n

in an inver t ing te lescope . J A N U A R Y 1 8 3 8 . ~ For di rect vision add IS0 ° ~ ,~ r

1I I D a y . H r. Mm. Star s ham e. Mag. North point. Vertex.

I 4 / i ° 1 o/ I ra , of cAurigm ,6, 64° I lg~ ° l 4 I 1 1 [ 16 /Etn. ' 27~ I ,~3,,

llleteorological Observations for October, 1837 .

I Thorm. I Bar(} i ~ t - - -

)ays,l Sun 2 Stil l rise. P .M. r so .

inches 11 60~1 69q 29,~1, ~[ 54 I 71 I 29.95 31 53 I 64 I 29.9h 41 451 5 t [ 30,10 51 36 I 57 I 30.20 61 5~ I 56 I 29.~11 q 40 I 6d I ~9,95 bl ~ta I ,M I ~2~.9 "v 91 3 6 1 .511 30.35

101 46 I 64 I 30.26 ] l l 51 I '70 I 30. 5 121 5.5 1 72 I 3u..5 131 4"2 ] 44 I 29.80 141 3 0 1 601 30.25 151 3(i I 59 I 30.'20 161 5 0 I 621 30.10 171 45 I 64 t 30.3i 18[ 541 561 30.00 191 57 I 70 t 29.8ql • 201 55 1 66 l 29.85 211 4~ I 58 I 29,~6 221 44 l 63 I 30. 5 `231 .50 [ 75 I 29.95 24I 55 I 76 [ '2!t.911 251 60 1 67 I ~9.~5 ~261 .56 I 59 I '29,e4 27t 45 I 49 I 29,84 i ~ l 36 I 50 I 99.9.5 ~(JI 3"2 I 42 I 30.00 3(!f 29 ~ 47 I ~29.83 311 36 [ 15 I 30.0~'

Meao146.45}59.931 29 9 9

CVind. . . . . t e a { _ ~2 P.M! . Di rec t ion , Fi)l~cc.

/

Ii W. Yloderate. ~V. do. ~V. do. ~V do.

Br isk . s:' do.

] ~.V. M o d e r a t e ! N E . Br isk ,

N E . do. N !~. M o d e r a t e IA 7. do. ~,V. Br isk .

N E . N W , co. W. dn,

W . Moderate , W . N ' W • do.

• Calm. 8B, r. do.

W . E , M+)derate. SE. Br isk . "W. do

NE.SW. Moderate. W.S. do.

W . do.

i do. N E ~ W . Br isk . do.

~,V. do. N W . B1

~29.9,, I N W , tIiTie~ ng

;0.00 i N E . Modrate.

~9. !t9 I I

N a t e r "allen ill +aln.

i n c h e s .

.24

S ta te o f the w e a t h e h and R e m a r k s .

C~ear--ao, C c a r - - l i g l ely cloudy. Pa r l i a l l y (,hmdy--do. do. Clou d, , ' --clear, Clear "~ f r ( )s t - -c loudy-- r ain, Pa r l i a l l y cloudy-- ra in . ( J l e a r - - p a r t i a l l y t i c Idy. P a r t i a l l y e laudy--do , do. P a r t i a l l y c loudy--chmdy. Cloudy--do. Clear - -do . Pa r t i a l ly c kmdy,- -do.

,16 iRa in - -do . Clear - -do . Clear - -do , Par t ia l ly cFmdy--do, do. C lea r - -chmdy. Cloudy--c lear . Cloar--do.

.2 C loudy- - r a in . Cloudy--do. P a r t i a l l y c loudy- -c lea r . Clear - - ( o Fog - - c l ea D Fug--c loudy.

• Cloudy--do. R a i a - - c oudy.

]Clear--cloudy. Coudy- -e l ea r Cloudy--e oudy. C lea r - -do ,

3K ' l 'horlnt~mett t . B a r o m e t e L

; M a x i m u m h e i g h t dur im! tile ll]Olll h ~t~,li0 on 24th. 3(I.40 on 9th ~liNilllatll do , 29,00 on 30th. 29,70 on ~.t)lh .Mean do . 53,19 , ~! L!I0