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The Strongest Link: Libraries and the Web of Linked Data

Gillian Byrne & Lisa GoddardMemorial University of Newfoundland

Emerging Technologies in Academic Libraries 2010Trondheim, Norway - April 2010

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What is Linked Data?

• To employ the RDF data model to publish structured data on the Web.

• To [use http URIs] to set explicit RDF links between data items within different data sources.

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RDF Triples

Data model for writing simple statements about web objects.

RDF statements are written as “triples”.

Subject Object

Shakespeare Macbeth

Predicate

Wrote

V

Statement

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RDF Triples

Subject Predicate Object

ShakespeareShakespeareAnne HathawayShakespeareStratfordMacbethEnglandScotland

WroteWroteMarriedLived inIs inSet in Part ofPart of

King LearMacbethShakespeareStratfordEnglandScotlandUKUK

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RDF Graph: A Semantic Net

AnneHathaway

Shakespeare

Stratford

UK

Macbeth

KingLear

Scotland

England

married

wrote

wrote

isIn

setIn

lived

In

partO

f

partOf

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Linking Data

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Linking Data

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Linking Hubs

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RDF Challenges

• Identify people, places, things, and concepts in unstructured text documents

• Named entity extraction

• Term disambiguation

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Library RDF Converters

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MARC2RDF Modeler

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MARC2RDF Output

<rdf:Description xmlns:n1="http://RDVocab.info/Elements/" xmlns:n2="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:n3=http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/about="http://library.cca.edu/core/m/76079693"><n1:statementOfResponsibility>J. Garth Taylor</n1:statementOfResponsibility><n2:contributor rdf:resource="http://library.cca.edu/core/people/taylor_j_garth_1941-_james_garth"/><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://vocab.org/frbr/core#Manifestation"/><n2:type>Slide</n2:type><n2:date>1986</n2:date><n3:subject>Labrador</n3:subject><n2:subject rdf:resource="http://library.cca.edu/core/s/labrador#concept"/>...</rdf:Description>

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Dublin Core to RDF

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OAI2RDF

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OAI2RDF Output

<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:default95="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">

<rdf:Description rdf:about="oai:collections.mun.ca:m_forbes/544"> <default95:contributor>Forbes Family</default95:contributor> <default95:contributor>Glenn Deir, 1997</default95:contributor> <default95:date>1887</default95:date> <default95:description>1 photograph : b&amp;w ; 9 x 6 cm</default95:description> <default95:description>Irene (Matthews) Forbes, as a baby.</default95:description><rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.ontoweb.org/ontology/1#Publication"/>

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BibTeX to RDF

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Simile RDFizers

http://www.mulgara.org/

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RDF Publishing Tools

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Semantic Blogging: Zemanta

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Semantic Blogging: Zemanta

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Related Media

RelatedTags

RelatedArticles

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Calais Semantic Extraction

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Calais Semantic Extraction

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Entity Extraction

RelatedTags

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Semantic MediaWiki

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Semantic MediaWiki

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Semantic MediaWiki

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Semantic MediaWiki

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Semantic MediaWiki

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Drupal 6 CMS

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Drupal 6 CMS

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Drupal CMS

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Drupal 7 CMS

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Drupal 7 RDFa - Visinav

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Library RDF Publishing Tools

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Dspace & RDF

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Dspace & RDF

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Dspace & RDF

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Fedora & RDF

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Fedora & RDF

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Fedora & RDF

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Eprints & RDF

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Eprints & RDF

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Library Linking Hubs

Linked Data is about reusing existing ontologies and data as far as possible – so it isn’t just about about allowing users to link to our data, but linking when the data already exists.

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Subject linking: loc.id.gov

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Subject linking: loc.id.gov

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Subject linking: loc.id.gov

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Virtual International Authority File

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Virtual International Authority File

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Authority Linking: VIAF

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Linked Marc Records

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RDF Book Mashup

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Linked Periodicals Data

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RKBExplorer - Publication

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RKBExplorer - Person

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RKBExplorer - Project

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RKBExplorer - Organization

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What’s the promise?

• Better, smarter discovery• Enriched content• Enhanced personalization

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Smarter linking

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Data integration

LibraryCatalog

ue

ERM Database

ISxNs, OCLC Numbers, Title

LibraryCatalog

ue

ERMDataba

se

Ontologies

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Madonna at Raphael's nightclub (NSFW)

Raphael's Madonna (NSFW)

<img src=“09821.jpg” alt=“madonna”>

Disambiguation

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Related Works to Relationships

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Enriched content

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Julie

Student

Is patron type

Takes course

Has

major

History

CitationHas reading

Hist102

Enhanced personalization

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The Holy Grail?

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What are the obstacles?

• Privacy• Trust• Data ownership• It’s…well…hard

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Privacy/Trust

The largest hurdle to library adoption of Linked Data, though, may not be educational or technological …The sticking point for librarians may be an issue of trust. - Ross Singer, “Linked Data Now!”

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Data ownership

LibraryCatalog

ue

Digital Archive

Database

Repository

Ejournal

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Rocking the foundations

• MARC• RDA• DCMI/RDA Task Group

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What can we do…now?

• Eric Miller noted in a 2004 talk that libraries have four major roles in the semantic web:

1. exposing collections – use Semantic Web technologies to make content available;

2. web'ifying thesaurus/mappings/services;3. sharing lessons learned;4. persistence.

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Exposing collections

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web'ifying thesaurii, etc.

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Sharing lessons

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Persistence