the science and art of transcription sheryl l. chatfield, m.s., ctrs slchatfi@olemiss.edu nova...
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The science and art of transcription
Sheryl L. Chatfield, M.S., CTRSslchatfi@olemiss.edu
http://scresearchjournal.weebly.com/
Nova Southeastern University
In 20 minutes (or less)
Personal experience
******Three Key Ideas******
Additional considerations
Recommended resources
Why transcription?
Limitation: focus mostly on ‘surface semantic content’
My experiencesThe distant pastThe recent pastThe present
-Dresing, Pehl, & Schmieder, 2012
Three ideas
Acceptance
Investment
Growth
AcceptanceChallenges
Difficult decisions
Limitations
…..also
Advantages“closeness” to the dataImproving interviewing or moderating skills
-Oliver, Serovich and Mason (2005); Skukauskaite, 2012
InvestmentHardware
Computer with typist friendly keyboardOther equipment
Optional equipment
Three button Infinity by VECUSB transcription foot pedal
Investment
SoftwareImproving file quality
Zamzar; Audacity; WavepadTranscribing
ExpressScribe; f4, f5; Hypertranscribe; Transana
Other utilitiesScreenflowA few words on voice recognition
Zamzar file conversions
Audacity
WavePad
Express Scribe (free version) for Windows
Express Scribe for Mac
F4 (Windows)
F5 for Mac
HyperTranscribe
Transana
Screenflow controls
Screenflow Editing
Voice recognition
(the big) Investment…
Time!
Growth: Expanding expression and presentation
“Director’s cut”
Found poetry
Narrative or storytelling
Visual presentations: graphic novels and animations
Dramatic expression
Multimodal transcription
-McCormick, 2000a, 2000b, 2004; Norris, 2006)
Using Audacity to insert spaces, add additional tracks, and overdub comments
The process of creating ‘found data’ poetry
Interview transcript reinterpreted asa two-voice narrative; see McCormack, 2000b in the reference list
Using Comic Life 3To illustrate aFocus group
Note: this interpretationis based on a simulatedfocus group
Animation with Go Animate
The link below goes to an instructional video; the same method could be used to re-present your transcript:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQKVITAMnVU
(For more adventures of qualitative ninja girl, go to:
http://scresearchjournal.weebly.com/
And click on the tabs for QNG
The transcript as “script”
Norris, 2004
The multimodal transcript:
Gesture; gaze; proximics; posture; facial expressions; objects
Considerations
Do you need to do it all?
Do you need to do it at all?
Goals of research
Expected and hoped for audience
-Halcomb & Davidson, 2006; Markle, West, & Rich, 2011
References and resources
Cahnmann-Taylor, M., Wooten, J., Souto-Manning, M., Dice, J.L. (2009) The art and science of educational inquiry: Analysis of performance-based focus groups with novice bilingual teachers. Teachers College Record, 111(11), 2535-2599.
Davidson, C. (2009). Transcription: Imperatives for qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 8(2). Retrieved from http://ejournals.library.ualberta.ca/index.php/IJQM/article/view/4205
Dresing, T., Pehl, T., & Schmieder, C. (2012). Manual (on) transcription: Transcription conventions, software guides and practical hints for qualitative researchers (2nd English ed.). Marburg, Germany: The authors. Retrieved at http://www.audiotranskription.de/english/transcription-practicalguide.htm.
Halcomb, E. J. & Davidson, P.M. (2006). Is verbatim transcription of interview data always necessary? Applied Nursing Research, 19, 38-42. Doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2005.06.001
Jenks, C.J. (2011) Transcribing talk and interaction: Issues in the representation of communication data. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.
Markle, D.T., West, R.E., & Rich, P.J. (2011) Beyond transcription: Technology, change and refinement of method. Forum: Qualitative Sozialforschung/ Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 12(3) Art 21. Retreived from http://nbn-resolving/de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1103216.
References and resources
McCormack, C. (2000a). From transcript to interpretive story: Part 1- viewing the transcript through multiple lenses. Field Methods, 12(4), 282-297. Doi: 10.1177/1525822X0001200402.
McCormack, C. (2000b). From transcript to interpretive story: Part 2- developing an interpretive story. Field Methods, 12(4), 298-315. Doi: 10.1177/1525822X0001200403.
McCormack, C. (2004). Storying stories:A narrative approach to in-depth interview conversations. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 7(3), 219-236.
Norris, S. (2004) Analyzing multimodal interaction: A methodological framework. New York, NY: Routledge.
Oliver, D.G., Serovich, J.M., & Mason, T.L. (2005). Constraints and opportunities with interview transcription: Toward reflection in qualitative research. Social Forces, 84(2), 1273-1289. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1400594/
Saldaña, J. (2011). Fundamentals of qualitative research. New York, NY: Oxford.
Skukauskait, A. (2012). Transparency in transcribing: Making visible theoretical bases impacting knowledge construction from open-ended interview records. Forum: Qualitative Sozialforschung/ Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 13(1) Art 14. Retreived from http://nbn-resolving/de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1201146.
References and resources
Audacity: Free audio editor and recorder. Audacity.sourceforge.net Comic life 3 (import photos to comic strip templates) (Mac or iOS). Plasq products. Plasq.com/products/comiclife3 or Mac App store Express Scribe, (transcription software) Wavepad (audio editing software) NCH Software. www.nchsoftware.com F4 (transcription software for windows). F5 (free transcription software for mac) www.audiotranskription.de/english/downloads-en.html Go animate (animation software) goanimate.com Hypertranscribe (transcription software). www.researchware.com/products/hypertranscribe.html Screenflow (computer screen recording software) (Mac only). Telestream. www.telestream.net/screenflo/overview.htm or Mac app store Transana (video analysis software with transcription capabilities and some CA support). www.transana.org Zamzar (free file conversions) www.zamzar.com
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