the saga of the rolling stones. rolling stone rolling stones
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The Saga of the Rolling Stones
Rolling Stone
Rolling Stones
Determinism
Every event is determined by an antecedent cause
Does this make freedom problematic?
Why is the loss of freedom troubling?
Determinism --> ~ Moral Responsibility
• Determinism --> ~Freedom --> Can’t be Blamed or Praised --> ~ Moral Responsibility
• Is this the problem?
Or is this it?
Does Determinism Challenge Freedom?
• Every event is determined by an antecedent cause• Does this mean that at any given time only one action is
possible?• There is at any instant exactly one physically possible future.
ForeknowledgeFate/Prederminism
Dilemma
• Which is true?• Freedom• Determinism
Disjunctive Syllogism
Libertarianism Hard Determinism
FW v D FW v D
~D ~FW
∴ FW D∴
FW & DCompatibilism
The Forking Path Model
Choice
Could Have Done Otherwise
The Forking Path Model
Choice~ Could Have Done OtherwiseVoluntary Action
Choice Based on Desires
Free will: the ability to select a course of action as a means of fulfilling some desire
Desire
1st order Desires 2nd order DesiresDesires to do this and that Desires about
desires to do this and that
Free Action vs. Free Will
• Free Action: The desire on which I act is one that I desire to be effective
• Addict is not acting freely: Acts out of a desire which he does not want to act upon.
• Free Will: ability to make 1st order desires the one upon which I act. But I also could have willed to refrain from doing so.
The Problem of CompulsionInner/Outer
Addiction
Manipulation
Does Determinism Challenge Freedom?
• Every event is determined by an antecedent cause• At any given time only one action is possible• At any instant exactly one physically possible future.
Ayer’s Compatibilism
What do we mean by ‘Determinism’?
• Causation
• Constraint
Cause & Effect
• Causation: Regularity• C causes E = whenever C then E• There is no causal necessity
Constraint
• The only cases in which we do not act freely are those in which we are constrained.
• Examples: gun to the head, kleptomaniac
• If no causes necessitate then all actions are free
• How can we distinguish?
• Nature determines us to will certain general ends. These we will necessarily.
• Freedom: we consider various means to these ends.
• ~ Could have done otherwise• Only one route• Metaphysics/Epistemology• Choice
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