the northern renaissance

THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

Population of N. Europe beginning to recover

Cities growing

Urban merchants become wealthy & sponsor artists

AFTER THE BLACK DEATH

Everyone used to be VERY religious, but too many were suffering and dying! Started to pull away from the church

Looking to SECULAR (worldly) ideals of the here and now vs. life after death

Begin studying HUMANISM: study of human potential & achievement

RENAISSANCE BEGINNING

Explosion of creativity in Europe Renaissance or “rebirth” of art & learning

Began in Italy & spread north to Europe because:Thriving citiesWealthy merchantsGreek & Roman heritageTrade started by Crusades

1300-1600

Wealthiest/powerful class & dominated politics

Wealth based on success of their business

Felt they deserved power based on achievements

Florence, Italy ruled by MEDICI family (trade/banking merchants) for 30 years

Lorenzo the Magnificent: major PATRON (supporter) of the arts

MERCHANTS

Renaissance is bringing back classical art & literature from Greek & Roman times

In Italy, now painting/sculpting SECULAR arts, NOT RELIGIOUS arts more realistic people in classical settings

NEW ARTISTIC TECHNIQUES

3 DimensionalDistant objects are smaller

PERSPECTIVE

SHADINGHelps objects to look more realistic; 3-D look

VS

Study of human anatomy to paint and sculpt better

More natural postures and expressions

SCULPTURES

DONATELLO: sculptor and painter; Revealed personality in his artOne of the first to do a nude statueFirst bronze statue of St. Louis of

Toulouse

NINJA TURTLES:DONATELLO

LEONARDO DA VINCI: painter, sculptor, inventor, & scientist a true “Renaissance Man”Mona LisaThe Last Supper

NINJA TURTLES:LEONARDO

MICHELANGELO: sculptor and painterSistine ChapelStatue of David

NINJA TURTLES: MICHELANGELO

RAPHAEL studied from Michelangelo and Leonardo; painterMadonna and ChildSchool of Athens

NINJA TURTLES:RAPHAEL

ERASMUS:The Praise of Folly – said to improve society, all should study Bible

MORE:Utopia – imaginary land inhabited by peaceful people; no use for money

RENAISSANCE WRITERS

WILLIAM SHAKESPEAREGreatest playwright of all time: sonnets,

plays, essaysRomeo and JulietHamletOthelloMacbethMidsummer Night’s DreamJulius CaesarKing Lear

RENAISSANCE WRITERS, PART II

JOHANN GUTENBERG: reinvents moveable type & comes up with printing pressGutenberg Bible: first full size book

printedCame in English, French, and German

VERNACULAR (own language) increasedCan produce hundreds of copiesEncouraged people to learn to read!RISE IN LITERACY & IDEAS SPREAD

FASTER

PRINTING SPREADS RENAISSANCE IDEAS