the mongols and world history
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The Mongols and World HistoryThe Formation and Dissolution of Nomadic Empires
Age of Cross-Cultural Interaction(1000 – 1500 CE)
•Nomadic Empires•Sub-Saharan Africa•Western Europe in the High Middle Ages•The Americas and Oceania•Cross-Cultural Interactions c.1500
•Formation of Nomadic Empire ▫Features of nomadic life▫Chinggis Khan (1206-1227)▫Maintenance and division of Mongolian
Empire(s)
•Marco Polo and Kublai Khan▫Route and Experiences▫Influence on western conceptions of “the east”
Key Points•The Mongolian rise to power depended on a
confluence of political, economic, and regional factors
•The united Mongolian empire under Chinggis Khan fragmented on his death into 4 successor states
•Marco Polo’s journeys demonstrate growing (commercial and cultural) interaction by 1300
I. Formation of Nomadic Empires
Temujin / Chinggis Khan (c.1160 – 1227)
“Mongol” – award-winning film by Sergei Bodrove (subtitled) Mongol (2007: Chinggis' wife stolen)
Mongol (2007-brothers divided) Mongol (2007- Mongols united))
Mongolian military: cavalry, archery, gunpowder, siege equipment, support systems
Chinggis Khan establishes Mongolian script and law code
Heaven has appointed me to rule all the nations, for hitherto there has been no order upon the steppes. --Genghis Khan
Key factors that led c.125,000 warriors to build the largest land empire in history
•Military prowess
•Adaptation of local societies/talents
•Timing: fragmentation of postclassical states
Area controlled by Chinggis Khan (1227)
The Mongolian Empires:Yuan, Chagatai, Il-Khanate, Golden Horde
Mongolian Empires at greatest extent (c.1294)
Mongolian Empire, 1204
Mongolian Empire, 1218
Mongolian Empire, 1227
Mongolian Empire, 1246
Mongolian Empires, 1286
II. Marco Polo (1254 – 1324)
Venice and Trade c.1000 - 1500
Kublai Khan (1215 – 1294)
Marco Polo’s travels (c.1271 – 1295)
The Travels of Marco Polo
Marco Polo’s travels (c.1271 – 1295)
Contrasting Responses to Contact:West (European/Asian) and East Asian
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