the middle passage “hell below deck”. what was the triangular trade? click here to begin quiz…

The Middle Passage

“Hell Below Deck”

What was the Triangular Trade?

Click here to begin Quiz…..

The Triangular Trade was a trade route between three different places. What were they?

Click on one of the places

Incorrect.

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Africa

Europe

Correct.

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The

Caribbean Islands

Africa

Which journey was known as the middle passage?

Click the letter….

A

B

C

Europe

The

Caribbean Islands

Incorrect.

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Africa

Correct.

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Middle Passage

Europe

The

Caribbean Islands

Africa

What was carried on the ships sailing from Africa to the Caribbean?

Click the answer….

Middle Passage

Manufactured Goods Enslaved People Raw Materials

Europe

The

Caribbean Islands

Incorrect.

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Africa

Correct.

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Middle PassageEnslaved Africans

Europe

The

Caribbean Islands

‘Never can so much misery be found condensed in so small a place as in a slave ship during the middle passage’William Wilberforce

“This trade was so considerable that, while it was in a flourishing state, there were above 20,000 Negroes yearly exported from Guinea Coast.”

Captain William Snelgrave 1754

Africa

Which journey was known as the outward passage?

Click the letter….

A

B

C

Europe

The

Caribbean Islands

Incorrect.

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Africa

Correct.

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Middle Passage

Outward Passa

ge

Europe

The

Caribbean Islands

Ships known as ‘slavers’ left British ports such as London, Bristol and Liverpool for West Africa loaded with trade goods. These would include guns, gunpowder and ammunition, brass and ironware, alcohol, cotton cloth, glass beads and trinkets.

.

Africa

What was carried on the ships sailing from Europe to Africa?

Click the answer….

Middle Passage

Manufactured Goods Enslaved People Raw Materials

Outward Passa

ge

Europe

The

Caribbean Islands

Incorrect.

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Africa

Correct.

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Middle Passage

Outward Passa

ge

Enslaved Africans

Manufactured

Goods

Europe

The

Caribbean Islands

Africa

Which journey was known as the Homeward Passage?

Click the letter….

A

B

C

Europe

The

Caribbean Islands

Incorrect.

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Africa

Europe

Correct.

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Middle Passage

Outward Passa

ge

Homeward Passage

The

Caribbean Islands

Africa

What was carried on the ships sailing from The Caribbean to Europe?

Click the answer….

Middle Passage

Manufactured Goods Enslaved People Raw Materials

Outward Passa

ge

Homeward Passage

Europe

The

Caribbean Islands

Incorrect.

Click Here to return.

Africa

The

Caribbean Islands

Correct.

Click here.

Middle Passage

Outward Passa

ge

Enslaved Africans

Manufactured

GoodsHomeward Passa

ge

Raw

Materials

Europe

In 1783 the Pinney’s Mountravers plantation on the island of Nevis was producing about 30,000 kg of sugar a year and 33,000 litres of rum.

Africa

The

Caribbean IslandsMiddle Passage

Outward Passa

ge

Enslaved Africans

Manufactured

GoodsHomeward Passa

ge

Raw

Materials

Europe

The hard labour of enslaved Africans led to great wealth and riches for European countries, particularly Britain which traded in sugar, tobacco and cotton produced by slaves on plantations. .

25

Triangle TradeNorth America

The Carribean Africa

Molasses Rum, weapons

Slaves

Middle Passage Vocabulary

#1 - Ration

Definition – a fixed amount of food given to people on a daily basis

#2 - Origin

Definition – Where something started (original)

#3 - Arduous

Definition – Difficult or hard to do

#4 – Inadequate Ventilation

Definition – not enough air to breathe

#5 - Stagnant

Definition – a standing pool of water that is not flowing or moving.

#6 - Uprising

Definition – fighting back against someone or some group; a rebellion

#7 – Cat-o-Nine Tails

Definition – a whip used to punish slaves

#8 - Shackles

Definition – chains used to restrain/hold the slaves

#9 - Infamous

Definition – Having a bad reputation

Middle Passage Vocabulary and Short Answer test today…..Have your sentences ready to hand in.

Hell Below Deck Slides

Africa

The

Caribbean IslandsMiddle Passage

Outward Passa

ge

Enslaved Africans

Manufactured

GoodsHomeward Passa

ge

Raw

Materials

Europe

The hard labour of enslaved Africans led to great wealth and riches for European countries, particularly Britain which traded in sugar, tobacco and cotton produced by slaves on plantations. .

This engraving, entitled An African man being inspected for sale into slavery while a white man talks with African slave traders, appeared in the detailed account of a former slave ship captain and was published in 1854.

“The men who fastened irons on the mothers took the children out of their hands and threw them over the side of the ship into the water. Two of the women leaped overboard after the children…One of the two women…was carried down by the weight of her irons before she could be rescued; but the other was taken up by some men in a boat and brought on board. This woman threw herself overboard one night when we were at sea.” Source: The African American Experience. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Globe Book Company, 1992. 40.

One woman drowned trying to save her baby after it was thrown overboard. The other woman, who had also jumped overboard to save her baby, was rescued. However, she later jumped overboard again, committing suicide.

What happened to each of the women above, and why did it happen?

The slave ship Brookes with 482 people packed onto the decks. The drawing of the slave ship Brookes was distributed by the Abolitionist Society in England as part of their campaign against the slave trade, and dates from 1789.

Interior of a Slave Ship, a woodcut illustration from the publication, A History of the Amistad Captives, reveals how hundreds of slaves could be held within a slave ship. Tightly packed and confined in an area with just barely enough room to sit up, slaves were known to die from a lack of breathable air.

• Africans were crowded and chained cruelly aboard slave ships.

THIS is the Vessel that had the Small-Pox on Board at the Time of her Arrival the 31st of March last: Every necessary Precaution hath since been taken to cleanse both Ship and Cargo thoroughly, so that those who may be inclined to purchase need not be under the least Apprehension of Danger from Infliction.

The NEGROES are allowed to be the likeliest Parcel that have been imported this Season.

• Africans were crowded and chained cruelly aboard slave ships.

• Diseases, such as dysentery, malaria, and smallpox killed thousands of Africans.

• Between 1699 and 1845 there were 55 successful African uprisings on slave ships.William Snelgrave, from A New Account of Some Parts of Guinea, and the Slave Trade

• From 13% - 20% of the Africans aboard slave ships died during the Middle Passage.