the membrane keeps the chlorine gas away from the sodium hydroxide solution

The membrane keeps the chlorine gas awayfrom the sodium hydroxide solution.

It allows ions through but not molecules

During electrolysis;

i) at the positive terminal: Oxidation is electron loss

2Cl- - 2e- Cl2 Chloride ions form Chlorine molecules by depositing electrons at the positive anode

ii) at the negative terminal: Reduction is electron gain

2H+ + 2e- H2

hydrogen ions form hydrogen molecules by receiving electrons from the negative cathode

A reaction where both reduction and oxidation occurs is called a ‘Redox’ reaction. ( OIL RIG ! )

CO2 + C CO

During electrolysis;

i) at the positive terminal: Oxidation is electron loss

2Cl- - 2e- Cl2 Chloride ions form Chlorine molecules by depositing electrons at the positive anode

ii) at the negative terminal: Reduction is electron gain

2H+ + 2e- H2

hydrogen ions form hydrogen molecules by receiving electrons from the negative cathode

A reaction where both reduction and oxidation occurs is called a ‘Redox’ reaction. ( OIL RIG ! )

CO2 + C CO

During electrolysis;

i) at the positive terminal: Oxidation is electron loss

2Cl- - 2e- Cl2 Chloride ions form Chlorine molecules by depositing electrons at the positive anode

ii) at the negative terminal: Reduction is electron gain

2H+ + 2e- H2

hydrogen ions form hydrogen molecules by receiving electrons from the negative cathode

A reaction where both reduction and oxidation occurs is called a ‘Redox’ reaction. ( OIL RIG ! )

CO2 + C CO

Ions present: Na+, Cl- from sodium chloride H+ , OH- from water

Ions remaining: Na+ (aq) OH- (aq)

Ions present: Na+, Cl- from sodium chloride H+ , OH- from water

Ions remaining: Na+ (aq) OH- (aq)

c hs h s

c h

NaOH + H2 + Cl222 2

Sodium metal at cathode

Chlorine gas at anode