the hand and wrist- structure and function. the hand - it’s role u prehension - opposition of the...

The Hand and Wrist- Structure and Function

The Hand - It’s Role Prehension - Opposition of the thumb Effector organ of the upper limb Very sensitive and accurate sensory

receptor Communicates with the brain about

thickness and distance Stereognosis

Prehension Gripping ability Tarsier can grip with

tail and hand

Braciation Upper limb used as a

means of locomotion

The Radiocarpal joint 1. Articulation

between the lower end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones

2.Intercarpal joints

The carpal bones Bones in the shape of

a gutter Concave anteriorly Flexor retinaculum

forms a tunnel - carpal tunnel

The muscles of the wrist Anterior aspect

flexor carpi radialis palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris flexor digitorum

profundus flexor digitorum

superficialis flexor pollicis longus

The muscles of the wrist Posterior aspect

extensor carpi ulnaris extensor carpi radialis

brevis extensor carpi radialis

longus

Regions of the hand - functionally divided

The thumb - opposition

The index and middle finger

The ring and little fingers

Muscles of the Hypothenar Eminence

Muscle of the Hypothenar eminence

Flexor digiti minimi Adductor digiti

minimi Opponens digiti

minimi

Muscles of the thenareminence

Extrinsic muscles Abductor pollicis

longus Extensor pollicis

brevis Extensor pollicis

longus

Intrinsic muscles Flexor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis Abductor pollicis

brevis Anterior interosseus Adductor pollicis

The intrinsic muscles of the hand Lumbricals (2nd-5th finger)

• attachments on the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

• insert onto extensor apponeurosis Interossei

• dorsal abduct (dab)• palmar adduct (pad)