the geography of greece cycladic civilization minoan civilization mycenaean civilization

The Geography of Greece

The Geography of Greece

Cycladic Civilization Minoan Civilization Mycenaean Civilization

Bronze Age Greece

1650 BCE- 700 BCE

Bronze Age Greece

1650 BCE- 700 BCE

Homer: The “Heroic Age”

Homer: The “Heroic Age”

•End of the 11th c. BCE

•Source of mythological heroes

Piraeus: Athens’ Port City

Piraeus: Athens’ Port City

Persian Wars:

499 BCE – 480 BCE

Persian Wars:

499 BCE – 480 BCE

Great Athenian Philosophers

Great Athenian Philosophers

Socrates

Know thyself!

question everything

only the pursuit of goodnessbrings happiness.

Plato

The Academy

The world of the FORMS

The Republic philosopher-king

Great Athenian Philosophers

Great Athenian Philosophers

Aristotle The Lyceum

“Golden Mean” [everything inmoderation].

Logic.

Scientific method.

The Acropolis TodayThe Acropolis Today

The ParthenonThe Parthenon

The Classical Greek “Ideal”

The Classical Greek “Ideal”

The Ancient Olympics:

Athletes & Trainers

The Ancient Olympics:

Athletes & Trainers

SPARTASPARTA

Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great’s EmpireAlexander the Great’s Empire

The Economy of the Hellenistic World

The Economy of the Hellenistic World

Hellenistic PhilosophersHellenistic

PhilosophersCynics Diogenes

ignore social conventions & avoid luxuries.

citizens of the world.

live a humble, simple life.

Epicurians Epicurus

avoid pain & seek pleasure.

all excess leads to pain!

politics should be avoided.

Hellenistic PhilosophersHellenistic

PhilosophersStoics Zeno

nature is the expansion of divine will.

concept of natural law.

get involved in politics, not for personal gain, but toperform virtuous acts for the good of all.

true happiness is found ingreat achievements.

Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences

Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences

Scientists / Mathematicians: Aristarchus heliocentric

theory.

Euclid geometry

Archimedes pulley

Hellenistic Art: More realistic; less ideal than

Hellenic art.

Showed individual emotions, wrinkles, and age!

The Breakup of Alexander’s Empire

The Breakup of Alexander’s Empire

The Geography of The Geography of RomeRome

The Geography of The Geography of RomeRome

Italy in 750 BCEItaly in 750 BCEItaly in 750 BCEItaly in 750 BCE

Influence of the Influence of the EtruscansEtruscans

Influence of the Influence of the EtruscansEtruscans WritingWriting

ReligionReligion

The Mythical Founding The Mythical Founding of Rome:of Rome:

Romulus & RemusRomulus & Remus

The Mythical Founding The Mythical Founding of Rome:of Rome:

Romulus & RemusRomulus & Remus

Republican Republican GovernmentGovernmentRepublican Republican GovernmentGovernment

2 Consuls (Rulers of Rome)

Senate (Representative body for patricians)

Tribal Assembly (Representative body for plebeians)

The Twelve Tables, 450 The Twelve Tables, 450 BCEBCE

The Twelve Tables, 450 The Twelve Tables, 450 BCEBCE

Providing political and socialrights for the plebeians.

The Roman ForumThe Roman ForumThe Roman ForumThe Roman Forum

Rome’s Early Road Rome’s Early Road SystemSystem

Rome’s Early Road Rome’s Early Road SystemSystem

Roman Roads: Roman Roads: The The Appian WayAppian WayRoman Roads: Roman Roads:

The The Appian WayAppian Way

Roman AqueductsRoman AqueductsRoman AqueductsRoman Aqueducts

The Roman The Roman ColosseumColosseumThe Roman The Roman ColosseumColosseum

The Colosseum The Colosseum InteriorInterior

The Colosseum The Colosseum InteriorInterior

Reform LeadersReform LeadersReform LeadersReform Leaders Tiberius and Gaius

Gracchus

• the poor should be given grain and small plots of free land.Military ReformerMilitary ReformerMilitary ReformerMilitary Reformer

Gaius Marius

• recruited an army from the poorand homeless.

• professional standing army.

PompeyPompeyPompeyPompey

Civil War & Civil War & DictatorsDictators

Civil War & Civil War & DictatorsDictators

Julius CaesarJulius CaesarJulius CaesarJulius Caesar

Crossing the Rubicon, Crossing the Rubicon, 49 BC49 BC

Crossing the Rubicon, Crossing the Rubicon, 49 BC49 BC

The Die is Cast!The Die is Cast!The Die is Cast!The Die is Cast!

The First The First TriumvirateTriumvirate

The First The First TriumvirateTriumvirate

Julius Caesar

Marcus Licinius Crassus

Gaius Magnus Pompey

Beware the Ides of Beware the Ides of March!March!44 BCE44 BCE

Beware the Ides of Beware the Ides of March!March!44 BCE44 BCE

The Second The Second TriumvirateTriumvirateThe Second The Second TriumvirateTriumvirate

Octavian Augustus

Marc Antony

Marcus Lepidus

Octavian Augustus:Octavian Augustus:Rome’s First Rome’s First

EmperorEmperor

Octavian Augustus:Octavian Augustus:Rome’s First Rome’s First

EmperorEmperor

Pax RomanaPax Romana: : 27 BCE – 27 BCE – 180 CE180 CE

Pax RomanaPax Romana: : 27 BCE – 27 BCE – 180 CE180 CE

The Greatest Extent The Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire of the Roman Empire

– 14 CE– 14 CE

The Greatest Extent The Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire of the Roman Empire

– 14 CE– 14 CE

The Rise of The Rise of ChristianityChristianityThe Rise of The Rise of ChristianityChristianity

The Spread of The Spread of ChristianityChristianity

The Spread of The Spread of ChristianityChristianity

Imperial Roman Road Imperial Roman Road SystemSystem

Imperial Roman Road Imperial Roman Road SystemSystem

The Empire in Crisis: The Empire in Crisis: 3c3c

The Empire in Crisis: The Empire in Crisis: 3c3c

Diocletian Splits the Diocletian Splits the Empire in Two: Empire in Two: 294 294

CECE

Diocletian Splits the Diocletian Splits the Empire in Two: Empire in Two: 294 294

CECE

Constantine: 312 - Constantine: 312 - 337337

Constantine: 312 - Constantine: 312 - 337337

Constantinople: “The 2Constantinople: “The 2ndnd Rome” (Founded in 330)Rome” (Founded in 330)Constantinople: “The 2Constantinople: “The 2ndnd Rome” (Founded in 330)Rome” (Founded in 330)

Barbarian Invasions: Barbarian Invasions: 4c-5c4c-5c

Barbarian Invasions: Barbarian Invasions: 4c-5c4c-5c

Attila the Hun:Attila the Hun:“The Scourge of “The Scourge of

God”God”

Attila the Hun:Attila the Hun:“The Scourge of “The Scourge of

God”God”

Byzantium:Byzantium:The Eastern Roman The Eastern Roman

EmpireEmpire

Byzantium:Byzantium:The Eastern Roman The Eastern Roman

EmpireEmpire

The Byzantine EmpireThe Byzantine EmpireDuring the Reign of During the Reign of

JustinianJustinian

The Byzantine EmpireThe Byzantine EmpireDuring the Reign of During the Reign of

JustinianJustinian

The Byzantine The Byzantine Emperor JustinianEmperor Justinian

The Byzantine The Byzantine Emperor JustinianEmperor Justinian

The Legacy of The Legacy of RomeRome

The Legacy of The Legacy of RomeRome Republic GovernmentRepublic Government

Roman LawRoman Law Latin LanguageLatin Language Roman Catholic ChurchRoman Catholic Church City PlanningCity Planning Romanesque Architectural Romanesque Architectural

StyleStyle Roman EngineeringRoman Engineering

• AqueductsAqueducts• Sewage systemsSewage systems• DamsDams• CementCement• ArchArch