the future (of textbooks) is open
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The Future (of Textbooks) is Open
Faculty Fellow, BC Open Textbook ProjectDept. of Psychology, Kwantlen Polytechnic University
Open Learning Faculty Member, Thompson Rivers UniversityAssociate Editor, NOBA Project
@thatpsychprofRajiv Jhangiani, Ph.D.
Buy usedResellRent(Inter)library loansGroup purchaseCrowdfundingOld editionInternational editionPhotocopyE-‐textbooks
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60%+ do not purchase textbooks at some point due to cost
35% take fewer courses due to textbook cost
31% choose not to register for a course due to textbook cost
23% regularly go without textbooks due to cost
14% have dropped a course due to textbook cost
10% have withdrawn from a course due to textbook cost
Source: 2012 student survey by Florida Virtual Campus
There is a direct relationship between textbook costs and student success
"Ivory Towers" by James F Clay is licensed under CC BY-‐NC 4.0
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years
"Kids Giving you problems? Hire an Elephant" by peasap is licensed under CC BY 2.0
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34%are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34%are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34%are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years
• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans
• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion
• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497
• 3 years after graduating, only 34%are debt free
• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE
• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%
• The cost of textbooks has risen by 1041% since 1977
"Crazy Stunt" by Ross G. Strachan is licensed under CC BY-‐NC-‐ND 4.0
"circa 1890 -‐ Hamlin's Wizard Oil"by clotho98 is licensed under CC BY-‐NC 4.0
"'THAT WAS EASY!'" by joepopp is licensed under CC BY-‐NC-‐ND 2.0
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Revise Remix
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Source: David Wiley, http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/3221March 5, 2014, CC-‐BY
open.bccampus.ca
open.bccampus.ca
"Opening the Curriculum: Open Education Resources in U.S. Higher Education, 2014"by I. Elaine Allen & Jeff Seaman, Babson Survey Research Group is licensed under CC BY 4.0
Those who have adopted OER rate the quality of OER as significantly higher: F(1, 35) = 7.88, p = .008, = 0.18(Jhangiani et al., 2015)
ηp2
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Rajiv
Richard
Overall, I am satisfied with the quality of the modules/chapters in the open textbook
Jhangiani & Le Grand (2014)
N = 105%
Overall, I am satisfied with the convenience, access, & portability of the open textbook
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The cost savings that come with an open textbook are important to me
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What is the average cost of the textbooks that you purchase for your other courses?
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<$50 $51-‐$100 $101-‐$150 $151-‐$200 >$200
Rajiv
Richard
Jhangiani & Le Grand (2014)
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I would have preferred to pay for a traditional textbook for this course
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Jhangiani & Le Grand (2014)
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I like how the theories are explained in more understandable ways compared to other textbooks where the author tends to talk in circles before explaining what is being talked about
I would not have bought the text book for this course because it's an elective. I would have possibly walked away with a C, now I might actually get an A-‐
It is easily accessible and convenient. Material is easy to understand and follow
I personally really like the convenience of having the complete set of chapters on my computer and even accessible from my phone if I need it. I like that I don't have to lug around another text book
It's free and it's a great money saver
Hilton & Laman (2012)
• 7 psychology faculty• Houston Community College• 23 sections (690 students)
Traditional textbook (Spring 2011)
Open textbook(Fall 2012)
GPA 1.6 2.0
Withdrawal rate (%) 14 7.1
Final examination (%) 67.6 71.1
Hilton, J., & Laman, C. (2012). One college’s use of an open psychology textbook. Open Learning, 27(3), 265-‐272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2012.716657
Robinson et al. (2014)
• Quasi-‐experimental design• Propensity-‐score matched groups• OT students scored slightly higher on end-‐of-‐year standardized science tests• Significant gains in chemistry• No differences in physics or earth systems
Robinson T. J., Fischer, L., Wiley, D. A., & Hilton, J. (2014). The impact of open textbooks on secondary science learning outcomes. Educational Researcher, 43(7), 341-‐351. doi: 10.3102/0013189X14550275
Access
Cost savings
Portability
Course performance
Adapt, update, & remix
Enrolment
Student retention
Program completion
open.bccampus.ca
Results
Year Faculty Sections Students Savings
2013 12 18 553 $55,300 - $84,560
2014 42 78 2630 $263,000 - $367,896
2015 (Jan-April)
33 73 2224 $222,400 - $252,285
Today 97 180 6006 $600,600- $822,622
open.bccampus.ca
What can YOU do?
• Survey your student body• #textbookbroke campaign• Presentations • Utilize visuals, create displays• Speak directly to faculty & admin• Suggest that faculty review a textbook• Showcase examples• Form a student-led OER group• Connect. Collaborate.
rajiv.jhangiani@kpu.ca
@thatpsychprof
Thank you!
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