the canadian provincial & territorial tourism satellite accounts: a research odyssey
Post on 14-Jan-2016
43 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
The Canadian Provincial & Territorial The Canadian Provincial & Territorial Tourism Satellite Accounts:Tourism Satellite Accounts:
A Research OdysseyA Research Odyssey
IBGE 2nd National Meeting of Producers and Users of Social Economical and Territorial Information
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; August 23, 2006
Presented by:Scott Meis UNWTO ConsultantAided by: Chris Jackson & Jacques Deslisle Statistics Canada
OVERVIEW
Context and justification
Concepts and definitions
Methodology
Results & findings
Conclusions & future work
CANADA CANADA10 Provinces3 Regions
Yukon
British Colombia
North WestTerritories
Nunavut
Alberta Manitoba
Saskatchewan Ontario
QuebecNewfoundland
Labrador
NovaScotia
NewBrunswick
Prince Edward Isle.
TECHNICAL PARTNERSHIP
Statistics Canada & Canadian Tourism
Commission Objective independent statistics agency Industry champion, resources, uses Shared goals and objectives Interdependence Mutual respect & understanding
STC-CTC Technical Partnership -1989-2006
CTC: Creation (1995)--Legislation, Jan,2001
CTC MISSION Market & brand Canada as a tourism destination
Provide accurate and timely information
Aid government and industry decision making
MANTRA
Industry lead, market driven, research based
Tourism Satellite AccountTourism Satellite Account
An account, not a model
Set of statistics measuring structure and scope of tourism
outputs, expenditures and employment
Measure monetary values of commercial transactions
Integrates visitor demand data with supply data from
a dispersed set of industries
Separate linked extension of SNA
Tourism specific summary comparable with other
industries and total economy
History: A New Statistical Instrument
HISTORY OF TSA Concept of tourism satellite accounts, France 1979
Canadian TSA recommendations, 1989
TSA principles and guildelines, Ottawa Conference, 1991
Release of 1st Canadian TSA, 1994
WTO/OECD international standard projects, 1996-1999
Quarterly national tourism indicators, 1996
Adoption by UNSC of TSA international standard, 2000
Release of TSA:RMF, Vancouver, 2001
Release of 1st Provincial/Territorial TSA for Canada, 2002
TSA History:
PTTSA History:
Provincial Responses to NTSA-NTI,
1994-1999 PTSA Feasibility study proposals (Québec/CTC/STC) 1995 Feasibility study of provincial dimension to NTSA 1997-1998 Development proposal, partnership and contract discussions Alberta/Québec/CTC/STC) 1999-2001 Project initiation, 1999-2000 Project completion, April, 2002 Revised & updated 2nd PTSA Benchmark update, June, 2003
PTSA History
WHY A PROVINCIAL/TERRITORIAL TSA?
Tourism unevenly distributed Shared federal-provincial responsaibility NTFD findings re regional data Regional interest stimulated by CTSA release Improve credibility and consistency of tourism economic
measurement– Common conceptual framework -- the System of National Accounts.
– Comparbility within & between provinces, with national economy & economic sectors
Strengthen capacities for tourism analysis and research
PTTSA Rationale:
PTTSA: Design Decisions
Concepts and methods from national accounts and TSA Reference year - 1996
Estimates cover all provinces and territories
Level of detail: 2 digit industries and commodities
Feasibility Study DecisionsFeasibility Study Decisions
List of 2 digit (“S” level) industries (NAICS 97)
Goods Producing Industries Agriculture, Fishing & Trapping, Logging & Forestry
Mining, Manufacturing, Construction, Utilities
PTTSA – Design Decisions
Services Producing Industries
Transportation & Storage, Communications, Wholesale Trade,
Retail Trade, Finance & Insurance, Real Estate, Business Services,
Government Services, Education, Health & Social Services,
Accommodation, Food & Beverage, Other Services
PTTSA - Methodology:
LIST OF “S” TOURISM COMMODITIESLIST OF “S” TOURISM COMMODITIES Passenger Transportation:
Passenger air transportation
Private vehicles: Vehicle fuel, repairs and parts.
Others: Water, rail, bus, taxis, vehicle rental
Accommodation: Motels, hotels, camping grounds, outfitters and other accommodation
Food and Beverage Services: Meals, alcoholic beverages
Other Tourism commodities: Recreation and entertainment, travel agency services and pre-trip expenses
Other Non-tourism Commodities Purchased by Visitors: Groceries, alcoholic beverages purchased from stores, souvenirs, urban transit, parking and other services and commodities
PTTSA - Methodology:
LIST OF “S” TOURISM INDUSTRIESLIST OF “S” TOURISM INDUSTRIES
Transportation: Air, water, rail, bus, taxis, vehicle rental and vehicle fuel, urban transit, parking.
Accommodation: Motels, hotels, camping grounds, outfitters and other accommodation.
Food and Beverage Services
Other Tourism Industries: Includes recreation and entertainment services, travel agencies and tour operators.
Other Industries: Includes non-tourism industries benefiting from tourism, e.g. retail, by providing commodities bought by visitors including groceries, alcoholic beverages, motor vehicle fuel, parts and repairs, pre-trip expenses, toiletries, etc.
CONCEPTS
The provincial/territorial TSA (PTTSA) is based on the accounting principles of the System of National Accounts (SNA)
Tourism is not and activity identified in the SNA
Consequently, construction of the PTTSA necessitates the division of the relevant SNA economic activities into their tourism and non-tourism components
PTTSA - Methodology:
DEFINITION
Tourism is defined as « the activities of persons traveling
away from their usual environment, for a period less than
12 consecutive months for the purposes of leisure, business
or other purposes» (UNWTO)
« Usual environment » operationalized as:– Trips greater than 80 kilomètres from one’s residence (one
direction)
– SAME definition of tourism applies to all provinces & regions
SAME tourism commodities and industries for all provinces
& regions of Canada
PTTSA - Methodology:
DATA SOURCES Tourism supply, GDP and employment
– Provincial input-output accounts (1990)
– GDP by industry accounts
– Business surveys
– Administrative records
– Labour productivity data base
Tourism demand
– Canadian Travel Survey
– International Travel Survey
– Survey of Income and Expenditures
Reference years 1996 and 1998 chosen based on the optimal availability of all these data sources
PTTSA - Methodology:
METHODOLOGY
Goal of the PTTSA - to measure tourism economic activity in terms of tourism supply, tourism demand, tourism GDP and tourism employment
Estimates MUST be calculated in the following order
PTTSA - Methodology:
TOURISM SUPPLY – METHODOLOGY
Tourism domestic supply = total
production of tourism commodities and
services in Canada
Total tourism supply NOT equivalent to
total tourism demand
Essential to FIRST correctly specify
and calculate total tourism supply
PTTSA - Methodology:
TOURISM SUPPLY – CALCULATION Break down I/O « S » level industries into component
sub-industies
Discern and keep only those sub-industries that serve visitors
directly
Example: F&B industry splits-- restaurants, bars, take-out
restaurants and caterers;
Drop caterers
Split out and remove industry supply not linked to tourism commodities, (consumed direcly by visitors)
e.g. caterers – keeps meals but drops royalties
Calculate total tourism supply all tourism commodities of
each industry/sub-industry
PTTSA - Methodology:
DEMAND – METHODOLOGY
Tourism demand is defined as the total expenditures of « visitors »-- including both tourists and excursionists
Components of total tourism demand
– Domestic (intraregional) demand
– International demand
– Interregional demand (new aggregate)
PTTSA - Methodology:
Demand – Methodology
Demand comes from survey data:
– Canadian Travel Survey (CTS) (renamed Travel Survey of Resident Canadians) for domestic demand
– International Travel Survey (ITS) for international demand
Many iterative adjustments & calculations are made to reconcile demand with supply
– Pre-trip expenses
– Domestic fares of international trips of Canadians
– Other non-measured demand (ex. tips)
– Domestic tourism for territorial residents (Source:SHE)
– Balancing of demand with supply
PTTSA - Methodology:
Demand Surveys
Input Output System
Supply Surveys System of National Accounts
Labour Force Survey
Other InformationSuch as
Manufacturing dataInternational Trade data
Tax information
Business informationSuch as
Profits, capital investment,revenues, expenses
Survey of Employment,
Payroll and Hours
All Other Areas ofSystem of
National Accounts
ReconciliationProcesses
Canadian Tourism Satellite
Account
Commodities expenditures VS industry revenues
Tourism demand VS supply by commodity
Tourism inputs VS outputs by industry Gross outputs VS all inputs Repeats all of the above at each geographical level
Iterative & interactive process -- “requiring high degrees
of professional judgment”
PTTSA Methodology: Reconciliation
BALANCING SUPPLY WITH DEMAND
LINKAGE BETWEEN COMMODITIES & INDUSTRIES
Demand is estimated for groups of goods and services (commodities)
GDP and employment, however, must be calculated by industry
Supply can be calculated either for groups of commodities
or by industry/sub-industry categories which establishes the link between demand and GDP
The link is a demand/supply ratio for each commodity
This ratio is then applied to each industry category to calculate GDP and employment in the industry space
PTTSA Methodology:
TOURISM GDP - METHODOLOGY
Tourism GDP can be defined as a simple value of domestic production of tourism goods and services within
the limits of a particular region
Only direct GDP is measured as opposed to indirect GDP and induced GDP
Componants of GDP include:
– Labour income, i.e. salaries and wages
– Supplementary work-related income
– Mixed revenue
– Other operating surplus -- profits & depreciation
PTTSA Methodology:
Proportion of Tourism GDP by Industry Category
98.4
65.9
30.925
22.417.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Travel services Accommodation All tourismindustries
Transport Recreation &entertainment
Food &beverages
Source: Statistics Canada (1996 PTSA and 2001NTI)
%TS/TVA
TOURISM EMPLOYMENT
Tourism employment is the sum of all employees who
contribute to tourism production:
Includes all direct employment:
– Indirect employment and induced employment are not included
– Includes self-employed workers and non-renumberated family workers
– Seasonal full-time and part-time employment are both includedbut they are not calculated as full-time equivalents
Same industrial ratios as Tourism GDP used to calculate the
tourism employment portion of each sub-industry/industry
PTTSA Methodology:
Tourism Employment
(T) Total employment in all industries
(A+B) Employment related to tourism industries
A= Employment of tourism industries generated by other users (local & non-visitor consumption)
B= Employment of tourism industries generated by consumption of visitors
(B+C) = Total employment generated by tourism consumption
C= Part of employment in non-tourism industries but generated by visitor consumption
(T)
(A)
(B)
(C)
PROVINCIAL/TERRITORIAL RESULTS
Tourism expenditures
GDP/Employment proportions
Sources of demand
Trade balances
PTTSA Results:
Provincial Distribution (%)of Tourism Expenditures (1996)
19.9 18.9
11.2
0.3 0.31.41.51.82.82.93.3
36.7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Source: Statistics Canada (1996 PTSA))
PTTSA Results:
Provincial Tourism Satellite Account, 1996Tourism GDP /
total GDPEmployment in tourism /
total employment
Yukon 4.8 8.1British Columbia 3.5 4.7Prince Édward Isle. 3.1 4.6Nova Scotia 2.6 4.1Newfoundland/Labrador 2.3 3.9Manitoba 2.3 3.2Canada, 1996 2.3 3.7Québec 2.2 3.3Alberta 2.2 3.9Ontario 2.1 3.5NWTerritoires/Nunavut 2.1 4.3New Brunswick 2.0 3.6Saskatchewan 1.8 3.3
(percentage)
Provincial Distribution of Tourism GDP Shares (1996)
4.8
3.53.1
2.62.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2 1.8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Canada (1998)2.3 %
Source: Statistics Canada (1996 PTSA and 2001NTI)
PTTSA Results:
SOURCES OF TOURISM DEMAND, PROPORTIONS, 1996
InternationalDemand
(percentage)Yukon 62.7 17.0 20.2British Colombia 39.1 38.3 22.6Ontario 38.1 48.1 13.8Canada, 1996 32.8 47.2 20.0Prince Edward Island 30.8 15.7 53.5Québec 28.8 52.9 18.3Alberta 28.0 47.6 24.4Nova Scotia 24.6 42.9 32.5New Brunswick 21.8 43.5 34.7NW Territoires/Nunavut 19.6 42.0 38.4Manitoba 16.3 49.1 34.6Newfoundland/Labrador 15.3 56.0 28.7Saskatchewan 9.4 62.6 28.0
Domestic iDemand
InterregionalDemand
Intraregional demandIntraregional demandee = the largest part of tourism $ = the largest part of tourism $Interregional demand = new aggregate indicatorInterregional demand = new aggregate indicator
Interregional Demand: 20%
International: 33%
Intraregional Demand: 47%
$54.6 Billion (2001)
% SOURCES OF TOURISM DEMAND, 1996
PTTSA Results:
REGIONAL TOURISM TRADE BALANCES, 1996Total balance
of tourism trade
(millions de dollars, Canadian)
British Colombia 202 430 -228Prince Édward Isle. 83 48 35Yukon 60 4 56Nova Scotia 50 56 -6Newfoundland/Labrador 25 -2 27NW Territoires/Nunavut 21 9 12New Brunswick -150 14 -164Alberta -406 -63 -344Saskatchewan -426 -128 -298Manitoba -484 -66 -418Québec -776 63 -839Ontario -2958 -366 -2592Canada, 1996 -4759 0 -4759
Interregional balance of
tourism trade
International balance of
tourism trade
FINDINGS
Importance of tourism in terms of GDP and employment
varies significantly from one province/territory to another
Provinces/territories ranking highest are those who depend more on international and interprovincial sources of tourism demand
Tourism plays a relatively more siginficant role in some of the smallest regional economies
Generally, the same regions also have a favourable
tourism balance of trade
PTTSA Findings:
PTSA Challenges:
Geographic vs commodity aggregation Detailed results vs confidentiality Reconciliation of data on supply with demand Questions and lack confidence in the quality of estimates for small regional samples and industries Comparability with previous provincial estimates from economic models Comparability with other existing provincial/regional data sources Financial participation of ALL provincial/regional partners Communications, communications, communications…! Politics, politics, politics, politics…!
CHALLENGES
PTSA: Future Vision
Provincial Tourism Indicators
Provincial & Local Impact Models
Provincial Human Resources Module
International regional comparisons
POSSIBLE FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
PTSA is technically feasible
Foundation for further developments
Potential to develop comparable cross- border accounts
Main challenges: data quality & consistency,
communications and politics-- meeting
information needs vs biggest number syndrome
PTSA: Conclusions:
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
WEB: www.smmra.com
E-Mail: smeis@rogers.com
top related