the brain and soulpages.ucsd.edu/~mboyle/cogs1/pdf-lecture-notes/w20...the brain and soul. v.s....

The Brain and SoulV.S. Ramachandran

Center for Brain and CognitionUniversity of California, San Diego

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Soul•Metaphysical Questions

•The Self

Self

1) Embodiment*2) Continuity

3) Agency4) Unity/Coherence

5) Privacy*6) Self-Awareness

Apotemnophilia / Xenomelia

Chan et al., 2007

Phantom Limb Pain

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy

DeBlasis et al., 2009

RSD Pain

Mirror Visual Feedback (MVF)Virtual Reality

1. Phantom PainImmediateLong Lasting

2. CRPS or RSD3. Stroke4. Hand Rehab5. Trigeminal Neuralgia

•Rizzolatti et al, 2007

Mirror Neurons

Phantom Massage

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Out-of-Body Experience

1. Frontal Damage 2. REM Sleep

OCD

• Vicarious Relief through activating Mirror-Neuron System

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Synesthesia

V.S. RamachandranEd Hubbard

David Brang

Proof That It’s Sensory

1) Segregation and Popout2) Colorblind Synesthete3) Martian Colors4) Blindsight5) Phenomenology – Illusory Contours6) Imaging

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Number Line (Galton)

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Calendar Line

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Team Members associated with this research:

• David Brang, Ed Hubbard, Eric Altschuler, Roland Lee, Mingxiong Huang, Paul McGeoch, Nicholas Root, Elizabeth Seckel, Chaipat Chunharchas, Baland Jalal, and Zeve Marcus.